diff --git a/internal/component/common/kubernetes/event.go b/internal/component/common/kubernetes/event.go
index 50fddf39e08..91a03a47d73 100644
--- a/internal/component/common/kubernetes/event.go
+++ b/internal/component/common/kubernetes/event.go
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 package kubernetes
 
 import (
+	"time"
+
 	"github.com/go-kit/log"
 	"github.com/grafana/alloy/internal/runtime/logging/level"
 	"k8s.io/client-go/tools/cache"
@@ -18,6 +20,11 @@ type EventType string
 
 const (
 	EventTypeResourceChanged EventType = "resource-changed"
+
+	// RulerSyncTimeout is the timeout applied to remote ruler API calls (e.g.
+	// listing rule groups) to prevent the event loop from blocking indefinitely
+	// on transient network issues.
+	RulerSyncTimeout = 30 * time.Second
 )
 
 type queuedEventHandler struct {
diff --git a/internal/component/loki/rules/kubernetes/events.go b/internal/component/loki/rules/kubernetes/events.go
index 0b1548ea54f..74915c0ba8f 100644
--- a/internal/component/loki/rules/kubernetes/events.go
+++ b/internal/component/loki/rules/kubernetes/events.go
@@ -80,6 +80,9 @@ func (c *Component) processEvent(ctx context.Context, e kubernetes.Event) error
 }
 
 func (c *Component) syncLoki(ctx context.Context) error {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, kubernetes.RulerSyncTimeout)
+	defer cancel()
+
 	rulesByNamespace, err := c.lokiClient.ListRules(ctx, "")
 	if err != nil {
 		level.Error(c.log).Log("msg", "failed to list rules from loki", "err", err)
diff --git a/internal/component/mimir/rules/kubernetes/events.go b/internal/component/mimir/rules/kubernetes/events.go
index 2d0e2a244f0..2e412344c12 100644
--- a/internal/component/mimir/rules/kubernetes/events.go
+++ b/internal/component/mimir/rules/kubernetes/events.go
@@ -123,6 +123,9 @@ func (e *eventProcessor) enqueueSyncMimir() {
 }
 
 func (e *eventProcessor) syncMimir(ctx context.Context) error {
+	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, kubernetes.RulerSyncTimeout)
+	defer cancel()
+
 	rulesByNamespace, err := e.mimirClient.ListRules(ctx, "")
 	if err != nil {
 		level.Error(e.logger).Log("msg", "failed to list rules from mimir", "err", err)