\hspace{0.5cm}The {\bf Foundational} $\mathbf{0}$-layer comprises categories, functors, natural transformations, adjunctions, modifications, and bicategories, where categories specify objects and morphisms with associative composition and identities, functors map categories preserving structure, natural transformations define morphisms between functors, adjunctions establish paired functors with unit and counit, modifications extend transformations to 2-categorical contexts, and bicategories introduce 2-morphisms with weak associativity, providing the algebraic framework for categorical spaces.
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