Pectra: Update gas validation for Pectra upgrade (EIP-7623, EIP-7702)

[konstantinabl]

User Story

As a transaction sender (developer/user),
I want the relay to correctly validate transaction gas limits according to EIP-7623 and EIP-7702,
So that my transactions are not rejected when they should be valid, and invalid transactions are caught early before being submitted to the network.

Context

EIP-7623 is part of the Pectra upgrade and introduces a conditional floor price for calldata to reduce maximum block size. The formula changes from:

 21000
    + STANDARD_TOKEN_COST * tokens_in_calldata
    + execution_gas_used
    + isContractCreation * (32000 + INITCODE_WORD_COST * words(calldata))

To:

 21000
    +
    max(
        STANDARD_TOKEN_COST * tokens_in_calldata
        + isContractCreation * (32000 + INITCODE_WORD_COST * words(calldata))
        + PER_EMPTY_ACCOUNT_COST * authorization list length,
        TOTAL_COST_FLOOR_PER_TOKEN * tokens_in_calldata
    )

In relay currently:

constants.TX_BASE_COST + constants.TX_DATA_ZERO_COST * zeros + constants.ISTANBUL_TX_DATA_NON_ZERO_COST * nonZeros

Should change to:

  constants.TX_BASE_COST + 
Math.max(
  constants.TX_DATA_ZERO_COST * zeros + 
  constants.ISTANBUL_TX_DATA_NON_ZERO_COST * nonZeros +
  (isType4Transaction ? constants.PER_EMPTY_ACCOUNT_COST * authorizationListLength : 0),
   constants.TOTAL_COST_FLOOR_PER_TOKEN * tokens
)

Technical Requirements

• Update transactionIntrinsicGasCost() method in precheck validation
• Add floor price constants: TOTAL_COST_FLOOR_PER_TOKEN = 10
• Calculate tokens from calldata bytes
• Validate gas limit meets floor requirement
• Update error messages for clarity
• Add comprehensive test coverage

Acceptance Criteria

Given a transaction with calldata is submitted to the relay,
When the intrinsic gas cost is calculated,
Then the relay must apply the EIP-7623 floor pricing formula:

• Calculate tokens = zero_bytes + 4 × non_zero_bytes
• Validate gasLimit >= 21000 + max(intrinsic_gas, 10 × tokens)
• Reject transactions that don't meet the floor price requirement

Given a data-heavy transaction (minimal execution, large calldata),
When the gas limit only covers standard pricing (4/16 gas per byte),
Then the transaction must be rejected with an appropriate error message indicating insufficient gas for calldata floor price.

Given a regular transaction (significant execution, reasonable calldata),
When the gas limit covers standard intrinsic costs,
Then the transaction is validated successfully and the floor price does not apply.

[acuarica]

In the Context section, the initial formula includes execution_gas_used, which is not part of the intrinsic gas calculation. It should be removed to avoid confusion.