Add a README to basicTypes exercise.

Author: hageboeck

exercises/basicTypes/README.md

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+# Fundamental types and expressions
+
+## Tasks:
+- Compile the program and analyse the output of the different expressions
+- Discuss with other students or your tutor in case the result of an expression is a surprise
+- Fix the marked expressions by changing types such that they produce meaningful results
+- Answer the questions in the code