pseudoLegalityChecker.js

class Move {
    constructor(from, to, uncapturedUnit, unpromote, fromUnit, check) {
        this.from = from;
        this.to = to;
        this.uncapturedUnit = uncapturedUnit;
        this.unpromote = unpromote;
        this.fromUnit = fromUnit;
        this.check = check;
    }
}

function moveToString(move) {
    let result = "";
    if (move.fromUnit == "K" && Math.abs(move.from.mFile - move.to.mFile) == 2) {
        if (move.from.mFile == 2) {
            result = "O-O-O";
        } else if (move.from.mFile == 6) {
            result = "O-O";
        } else {
            assert(false, "Illegal castling move");
            return "";
        }
    } else {
        if (move.fromUnit != "P" && !(move.unpromote)) {
            result += pieceLetters.charAt("KQRBNP".indexOf(move.fromUnit)).toUpperCase();
        }

        result += getSquareAlgNotation(move.to);
        if (move.uncapturedUnit == "") {
            result += "-";
        } else {
            result += "x";
            if (move.uncapturedUnit != "ep") {
                result += pieceLetters.charAt("KQRBNP".indexOf(move.uncapturedUnit)).toUpperCase();
            }
        }

        result += getSquareAlgNotation(move.from);
        if (move.uncapturedUnit == "ep") {
            result += "ep";
        }
        if (move.unpromote) {
            result += "=" + pieceLetters.charAt("KQRBNP".indexOf(move.fromUnit)).toUpperCase();
        }
    }

    if (move.check) {
        result += "+";
    }
    return result;
}

function stringToMove(string, color) {
    // we will simply return null if we don't recognize the move

    const normalizedString = string.replaceAll(/[-.\s]/g, "").replaceAll(/0/g, "O").trim();
    if (!normalizedString) return null;
    if (normalizedString == "OO") {
        if (color == "w") {
            return whiteKingsideUncastling();
        } else if (color == "b") {
            return blackKingsideUncastling();
        } else {
            assert(false, "Invalid color " + color);
        }
    }

    if (normalizedString == "OOO") {
        if (color == "w") {
            return whiteQueensideUncastling();
        } else if (color == "b") {
            return blackQueensideUncastling();
        } else {
            assert(false, "Invalid color " + color);
        }
    }

    let fromUnit;
    let destFileIndex;
    const firstChar = normalizedString.charAt(0);
    if (!firstChar) return null;
    if (firstChar == firstChar.toUpperCase()) {
        const pieceIndex = pieceLetters.indexOf(firstChar.toLowerCase());
        if (pieceIndex == -1) return null;
        fromUnit = "KQRBNP".charAt(pieceIndex);
        destFileIndex = 1;
    } else {
        fromUnit = "P";
        destFileIndex = 0;
    }

    let to = new Square(-1, -1);
    const destFileChar = normalizedString.charAt(destFileIndex);
    if (!destFileChar) return null;
    to.mFile = "abcdefgh".indexOf(destFileChar);
    if (to.mFile == -1) return null;
    const destRankChar = normalizedString.charAt(destFileIndex + 1);
    if (!destRankChar) return null;
    to.mRank = "12345678".indexOf(destRankChar);
    if (to.mRank == -1) return null;

    const captureSymbol = normalizedString.charAt(destFileIndex + 2);
    if (!captureSymbol) return null;
    const isCapture = captureSymbol == "x";
    let sourceFileIndex;
    let sourceRankIndex;
    let uncapturedUnit;
    if (isCapture) {
        const uncapturedUnitChar = normalizedString.charAt(destFileIndex + 3);
        if (!uncapturedUnitChar) return null;
        const uncapturedUnitIndex = pieceLetters.indexOf(uncapturedUnitChar.toLowerCase());
        if (uncapturedUnitChar == uncapturedUnitChar.toUpperCase() && uncapturedUnitIndex != -1) {
            uncapturedUnit = "KQRBNP".charAt(uncapturedUnitIndex);
            sourceFileIndex = destFileIndex + 4;
            sourceRankIndex = destFileIndex + 5;
        } else {
            if (fromUnit == "P") {
                sourceFileIndex = destFileIndex + 3;
                sourceRankIndex = destFileIndex + 4;
                if (normalizedString.slice(sourceRankIndex + 1, sourceRankIndex + 3).toLowerCase() == "ep") {
                    uncapturedUnit = "ep";
                } else {
                    return null;
                }
            } else {
                return null;
            }
        }
    } else {
        uncapturedUnit = "";
        sourceFileIndex = destFileIndex + 2;
        sourceRankIndex = destFileIndex + 3;
    }

    let from = new Square(-1, -1);
    const sourceFileChar = normalizedString.charAt(sourceFileIndex);
    if (!sourceFileChar) return null;
    from.mFile = "abcdefgh".indexOf(sourceFileChar);
    if (from.mFile == -1) return null;
    const sourceRankChar = normalizedString.charAt(sourceRankIndex);
    if (!sourceRankChar) return null;
    from.mRank = "12345678".indexOf(sourceRankChar);
    if (from.mRank == -1) return null;

    let unpromote = false;
    if (normalizedString.charAt(sourceRankIndex + 1) == "=") {
        if (fromUnit != "P") return null;
        const promotedPieceChar = normalizedString.charAt(sourceRankIndex + 2);
        if (!promotedPieceChar) return null;
        const promotedPieceIndex = pieceLetters.indexOf(promotedPieceChar.toLowerCase());
        if (promotedPieceIndex == -1) return null;
        fromUnit = "KQRBNP".charAt(promotedPieceIndex);
        if (fromUnit == "K" || fromUnit == "P") return null;
        unpromote = true;
    }

    const check = normalizedString.endsWith("+");

    return new Move(from, to, uncapturedUnit, unpromote, fromUnit, check);
}

function opposite(color) {
    if (color == "w") return "b";
    if (color == "b") return "w";
}

function isPseudoLegal(from, to, uncapturedUnit, unpromote) {
    let error;
    let requiredToRank;
    let requiredFromRank;
    let originalPawnRank;
    let epToRank;
    let epFromRank;
    const fromRank = from.mRank;
    const fromFile = from.mFile;
    const toRank = to.mRank;
    const toFile = to.mFile;
    const fromColor = board[fromFile][fromRank].color;
    const fromPiece = board[fromFile][fromRank];
    const toPiece = board[toFile][toRank];

    // basic sanity check: from must be occupied and to must be empty
    if (isEmpty(fromPiece) || !(isEmpty(toPiece)))
        return error_fromSquareOccupiedToSquareEmpty;

    const unit = fromPiece.unit;

    if (positionData.ep != -1) { // must be a pawn double step retraction following an e.p. uncapture
        if (unit != 'P' || fromFile != positionData.ep)
            return error_doubleStepFollowingEpRequired;
        if (fromColor == "w") {
            epFromRank = 3;
            epToRank = 1;
        } else {
            epFromRank = 4;
            epToRank = 6;
        }
        if (fromRank != epFromRank || toRank != epToRank || toFile != fromFile) {
            return error_doubleStepFollowingEpRequired;
        }
    }

    if (unpromote) {
        if (fromColor == "w" && fromRank != 7) {
            return error_whiteUnpromoteEighthRank;
        }
        if (fromColor == "b" && fromRank != 0) {
            return error_blackUnpromoteFirstRank;
        }
    }
    // pseudo-legality check
    if (uncapturedUnit == "K") return error_cannotUncaptureKing;
    if (unpromote && unit == "K") return error_cannotUnpromoteKing;
    if (uncapturedUnit == "ep") { // en passant
        if (unit != 'P') return error_enPassantPawnOnly;
        if (fromColor == 'w') {
            originalPawnRank = 6;
            requiredFromRank = 5;
            requiredToRank = 4;
        } else {
            originalPawnRank = 1;
            requiredFromRank = 2;
            requiredToRank = 3;
        }
        if (fromRank != requiredFromRank || toRank != requiredToRank || Math.abs(fromFile - toFile) != 1)
            return error_illegalEnPassant;
        if (!(isEmpty(board[fromFile][toRank])))  // square where the uncaptured pawn goes must be empty
            return error_illegalEnPassant;
        if (!(isEmpty(board[fromFile][originalPawnRank]))) // square of the follow-up double step must be empty
            return error_illegalEnPassant;
        return error_ok;
    }

    if (unit == 'K') {
        // check for uncastling
        let backRow;
        if (fromColor == 'w') backRow = 0; else backRow = 7;

        if (fromRank == backRow && fromRank == toRank && (fromFile == 2 || fromFile == 6) && toFile == 4) {
            if (uncapturedUnit != "") {
                return error_uncastlingCannotUncapture;
            }
            return checkUncastling(fromFile, fromRank, toFile, toRank, fromColor);
        }

        error = checkNonPawn(fromFile, fromRank, toFile, toRank, unit, false);
        if (error != error_ok) {
            return error;
        }
    } else if (!unpromote && unit != "P") {
        error = checkNonPawn(fromFile, fromRank, toFile, toRank, unit, false);
        if (error != error_ok) {
            return error;
        }
    } else if (unit == 'P' || unpromote) {
        const pawnDir = fromColor == "w" ? -1 : 1;
        if (!unpromote && toRank - fromRank == 2 * pawnDir && toFile == fromFile && ((fromColor == "w" && toRank == 1) || (fromColor == "b" && toRank == 6))) {
            // 2 square pawn move
            if (uncapturedUnit != "") {
                return error_pawnVerticalCannotUncapture;
            }
            if (!(isEmpty(board[fromFile][fromRank + pawnDir]))) {
                return error_blocked;
            }
        } else {
            if (toRank - fromRank != pawnDir || toRank == 0 || toRank == 7) return error_badDirection;
            if (fromFile == toFile) {
                if (uncapturedUnit != "") return error_pawnVerticalCannotUncapture;
            } else if (Math.abs(fromFile - toFile) == 1) {
                if (uncapturedUnit == "") return error_pawnDiagonalMustUncapture;
            } else return error_badDirection;
        }
    }

    if ((uncapturedUnit == "P" || uncapturedUnit == "p") && (fromRank == 0 || fromRank == 7)) {
        return error_cannotUncapturePawnOnTopBottom;
    }

    return error_ok;
}

function checkUncastling(fromFile, fromRank, toFile, toRank, fromColor) {
    // Assumes we have checked that the king move looks right:
    // (fromRank == backRow && fromRank == toRow && (fromFile == 2 || fromFile == 6) && toFile == 4) { // looks like an uncastling
    const backRank = fromRank;

    let rookFile;
    if (fromFile == 2) {
        rookFile = 3;
    } else {
        rookFile = 5;
    }

    // make sure rook is there
    if (!(board[rookFile][backRank].color == fromColor && board[rookFile][backRank].unit == 'R'))
        return error_uncastlingRookNotInPosition;

    // make sure all relevant squares are unoccupied
    if (fromFile == 2) { // queenside uncastling
        if (!(isEmpty(board[0][backRank]) && isEmpty(board[1][backRank]) && isEmpty(board[4][backRank]))) {
            return error_uncastlingSquareOccupied;
        }
    } else { // kingside uncastling
        if (!(isEmpty(board[4][backRank]) && isEmpty(board[7][backRank]))) {
            return error_uncastlingSquareOccupied;
        }
    }

    // make sure neither the original king's square, nor the rook's current square, is attacked
    // ("cannot castle through or out of check")
    if (isSquareAttackedBy(rookFile, backRank, opposite(fromColor)) || isSquareAttackedBy(4, backRank, opposite(fromColor))) {
        return error_uncastlingCannotUncastleThroughOrIntoCheck;
    }
    return error_ok;
}

function checkNonPawn(fromFile, fromRank, toFile, toRank, unit, unblockableOnly) {
    // the checkOrthogonal and checkDiagonal functions do not care if the 'to' square itself is occupied.
    // so this can be used both for pseudo-legality checking and for determining if king is in check

    let error;
    if (unit == 'K') {
        if (Math.abs(fromRank - toRank) > 1 || Math.abs(fromFile - toFile) > 1) return error_badDirection;
    } else if (unit == 'Q') {
        error = checkOrthogonal(fromFile, fromRank, toFile, toRank, unblockableOnly);
        if (error != error_ok) {
            if (error == error_blocked) return error;
            error = checkDiagonal(fromFile, fromRank, toFile, toRank, unblockableOnly);

            if (error != error_ok) return error;
        }
    } else if (unit == 'R') {
        error = checkOrthogonal(fromFile, fromRank, toFile, toRank, unblockableOnly);
        if (error != error_ok) return error;
    } else if (unit == 'B') {
        error = checkDiagonal(fromFile, fromRank, toFile, toRank, unblockableOnly);
        if (error != error_ok) return error;
    } else if (unit == 'N') {
        const rowDiff = Math.abs(fromRank - toRank);
        const colDiff = Math.abs(fromFile - toFile);
        if (!((rowDiff == 1 && colDiff == 2) || (rowDiff == 2 && colDiff == 1))) {
            return error_badDirection;
        }
    }
    return error_ok;
}

function unitAttacks(fromFile, fromRank, toFile, toRank, unit, attackingColor) {
    if (unit != "P") {
        return checkNonPawn(fromFile, fromRank, toFile, toRank, unit, false) == error_ok;
    }
    const attackingPawnDirection = attackingColor == "w" ? 1 : -1;
    return Math.abs(toFile - fromFile) == 1 && toRank - fromRank == attackingPawnDirection;
}

function unitAttacksOrMoves(fromFile, fromRank, toFile, toRank, unit, attackingColor) {
    if (unitAttacks(fromFile, fromRank, toFile, toRank, unit, attackingColor)) {
        return true;
    }

    // check for vertical pawn moves
    const attackingPawnDirection = attackingColor == "w" ? 1 : -1;
    return unit == "P" && toFile == fromFile && toRank - fromRank == attackingPawnDirection;
}

function checkOrthogonal(fromFile, fromRank, toFile, toRank, unblockableOnly) {
    // returns error_badDirection if 'from' to 'to is not horizontal or vertical
    // returns error_blocked if horizontal or vertical path is blocked (up to but not including 'to' square)
    // otherwise returns error_ok

    if (fromRank != toRank && fromFile != toFile) {
        return error_badDirection;
    }
    if (unblockableOnly && (Math.abs(fromFile - toFile) > 1 || Math.abs(fromRank - toRank) > 1)) {
        return error_badDirection;
    }
    if (fromRank == toRank) { // vertical move
        // check for pieces in-between
        let dir;
        if (fromFile < toFile) dir = 1; else dir = -1;
        for (let file = fromFile + dir; file != toFile; file += dir) {
            if (!(isEmpty(board[file][fromRank]))) {
                return error_blocked;
            }
        }
        return error_ok;
    } else if (fromFile == toFile) { // horizontal move
        let dir;
        if (fromRank < toRank) dir = 1; else dir = -1;
        for (let rank = fromRank + dir; rank != toRank; rank += dir) {
            if (!(isEmpty(board[fromFile][rank]))) {
                return error_blocked;
            }
        }
        return error_ok;
    }
    return error_badDirection;
}

function checkDiagonal(fromFile, fromRank, toFile, toRank, unblockableOnly) {
    // returns error_badDirection if 'from' to 'to is not diagonal
    // returns error_blocked if diagonal path is blocked (up to but not including 'to' square)
    // otherwise returns error_ok

    if (unblockableOnly && (Math.abs(fromFile - toFile) > 1 || Math.abs(fromRank - toRank) > 1)) {
        return error_badDirection;
    }
    if (Math.abs(fromRank - toRank) == Math.abs(fromFile - toFile)) { // diagonal move
        let rowDir, colDir;
        if (fromRank < toRank) rowDir = 1; else rowDir = -1;
        if (fromFile < toFile) colDir = 1; else colDir = -1;
        let rank = fromRank + rowDir;
        let file = fromFile + colDir;
        while (rank != toRank) {
            if (!(isEmpty(board[file][rank]))) return error_blocked;
            rank += rowDir;
            file += colDir;
        }
        return error_ok;
    } else return error_badDirection;
}

function isSquareAttackingSquare(fromFile, fromRank, toFile, toRank, unblockableOnly) {
    // Is the unit on square 'from' attacking square 'to' ?
    const unit = board[fromFile][fromRank].unit;
    if (unit != 'P') {
        const error = checkNonPawn(fromFile, fromRank, toFile, toRank, unit, unblockableOnly);
        return error == error_ok;
    } else {
        const color = board[fromFile][fromRank].color;

        const pawnForwardDir = color == "w" ? 1 : -1;
        return Math.abs(fromFile - toFile) == 1 && toRank - fromRank == pawnForwardDir;
    }
}

function isSquareAttackedBy(targetFile, targetRank, color) { // the color is the color of the attacker
    for (let file = 0; file < 8; file++) {
        for (let rank = 0; rank < 8; rank++) {
            if (board[file][rank].color == color && isSquareAttackingSquare(file, rank, targetFile, targetRank, false)) {
                return true;
            }
        }
    }
    return false;
}

function getCheckingUnits(colorInCheck, unblockableOnly) {
    const kingPosition = positionData.kingPosition[colorInCheck];
    if (kingPosition == null) {
        return []; // empty array
    }

    const checkers = [];
    let count = 0;
    const kingRank = kingPosition.mRank;
    const kingFile = kingPosition.mFile;
    const oppositeColor = opposite(colorInCheck);
    for (let file = 0; file < 8; file++)
        for (let rank = 0; rank < 8; rank++) {
            if (board[file][rank].color == oppositeColor && isSquareAttackingSquare(file, rank, kingFile, kingRank, unblockableOnly)) {
                checkers[count] = new Square(file, rank);
                count++;
            }
        }
    return checkers;
}

function isInCheck(color) {
    const kingPosition = positionData.kingPosition[color];
    if (kingPosition != null) {
        return isSquareAttackedBy(kingPosition.mFile, kingPosition.mRank, opposite(color));
    } else {
        return false;
    }
}