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| 1 | +/** |
| 2 | + * Chunking Service |
| 3 | + * Handles document chunking with various strategies for RAG pipelines |
| 4 | + */ |
| 5 | + |
| 6 | +export type ChunkingStrategy = |
| 7 | + | "fixed-size" |
| 8 | + | "sentence" |
| 9 | + | "paragraph" |
| 10 | + | "recursive"; |
| 11 | + |
| 12 | +export interface ChunkingConfig { |
| 13 | + strategy: ChunkingStrategy; |
| 14 | + chunkSize: number; // in characters |
| 15 | + overlap: number; // in characters |
| 16 | + separators?: string[]; // for recursive strategy |
| 17 | +} |
| 18 | + |
| 19 | +export interface DocumentChunk { |
| 20 | + id: string; |
| 21 | + content: string; |
| 22 | + index: number; |
| 23 | + startChar: number; |
| 24 | + endChar: number; |
| 25 | + metadata?: { |
| 26 | + documentId: string; |
| 27 | + documentName: string; |
| 28 | + }; |
| 29 | +} |
| 30 | + |
| 31 | +class ChunkingService { |
| 32 | + /** |
| 33 | + * Default chunking configuration |
| 34 | + */ |
| 35 | + private defaultConfig: ChunkingConfig = { |
| 36 | + strategy: "fixed-size", |
| 37 | + chunkSize: 1000, |
| 38 | + overlap: 100, |
| 39 | + separators: ["\n\n", "\n", ". ", " ", ""], |
| 40 | + }; |
| 41 | + |
| 42 | + /** |
| 43 | + * Chunk a document using the specified strategy |
| 44 | + */ |
| 45 | + chunkDocument( |
| 46 | + content: string, |
| 47 | + documentId: string, |
| 48 | + documentName: string, |
| 49 | + config: Partial<ChunkingConfig> = {} |
| 50 | + ): DocumentChunk[] { |
| 51 | + const finalConfig = { ...this.defaultConfig, ...config }; |
| 52 | + |
| 53 | + switch (finalConfig.strategy) { |
| 54 | + case "fixed-size": |
| 55 | + return this.fixedSizeChunking(content, documentId, documentName, finalConfig); |
| 56 | + case "sentence": |
| 57 | + return this.sentenceChunking(content, documentId, documentName, finalConfig); |
| 58 | + case "paragraph": |
| 59 | + return this.paragraphChunking(content, documentId, documentName, finalConfig); |
| 60 | + case "recursive": |
| 61 | + return this.recursiveChunking(content, documentId, documentName, finalConfig); |
| 62 | + default: |
| 63 | + return this.fixedSizeChunking(content, documentId, documentName, finalConfig); |
| 64 | + } |
| 65 | + } |
| 66 | + |
| 67 | + /** |
| 68 | + * Fixed-size chunking with overlap |
| 69 | + */ |
| 70 | + private fixedSizeChunking( |
| 71 | + content: string, |
| 72 | + documentId: string, |
| 73 | + documentName: string, |
| 74 | + config: ChunkingConfig |
| 75 | + ): DocumentChunk[] { |
| 76 | + const chunks: DocumentChunk[] = []; |
| 77 | + const { chunkSize, overlap } = config; |
| 78 | + let index = 0; |
| 79 | + let position = 0; |
| 80 | + |
| 81 | + while (position < content.length) { |
| 82 | + const end = Math.min(position + chunkSize, content.length); |
| 83 | + const chunkContent = content.slice(position, end); |
| 84 | + |
| 85 | + chunks.push({ |
| 86 | + id: `${documentId}-chunk-${index}`, |
| 87 | + content: chunkContent, |
| 88 | + index, |
| 89 | + startChar: position, |
| 90 | + endChar: end, |
| 91 | + metadata: { |
| 92 | + documentId, |
| 93 | + documentName, |
| 94 | + }, |
| 95 | + }); |
| 96 | + |
| 97 | + position += chunkSize - overlap; |
| 98 | + index++; |
| 99 | + |
| 100 | + // Prevent infinite loop |
| 101 | + if (position >= content.length) break; |
| 102 | + } |
| 103 | + |
| 104 | + return chunks; |
| 105 | + } |
| 106 | + |
| 107 | + /** |
| 108 | + * Sentence-level chunking |
| 109 | + */ |
| 110 | + private sentenceChunking( |
| 111 | + content: string, |
| 112 | + documentId: string, |
| 113 | + documentName: string, |
| 114 | + config: ChunkingConfig |
| 115 | + ): DocumentChunk[] { |
| 116 | + const chunks: DocumentChunk[] = []; |
| 117 | + |
| 118 | + // Split by sentence boundaries (., !, ?) |
| 119 | + const sentenceRegex = /[.!?]+\s+/g; |
| 120 | + const sentences: string[] = []; |
| 121 | + let lastIndex = 0; |
| 122 | + let match; |
| 123 | + |
| 124 | + while ((match = sentenceRegex.exec(content)) !== null) { |
| 125 | + sentences.push(content.slice(lastIndex, match.index + match[0].length).trim()); |
| 126 | + lastIndex = match.index + match[0].length; |
| 127 | + } |
| 128 | + |
| 129 | + // Add remaining content |
| 130 | + if (lastIndex < content.length) { |
| 131 | + sentences.push(content.slice(lastIndex).trim()); |
| 132 | + } |
| 133 | + |
| 134 | + // Group sentences into chunks based on chunkSize |
| 135 | + let currentChunk = ""; |
| 136 | + let chunkStartChar = 0; |
| 137 | + let index = 0; |
| 138 | + |
| 139 | + for (let i = 0; i < sentences.length; i++) { |
| 140 | + const sentence = sentences[i]; |
| 141 | + |
| 142 | + if (currentChunk.length + sentence.length > config.chunkSize && currentChunk.length > 0) { |
| 143 | + // Save current chunk |
| 144 | + chunks.push({ |
| 145 | + id: `${documentId}-chunk-${index}`, |
| 146 | + content: currentChunk.trim(), |
| 147 | + index, |
| 148 | + startChar: chunkStartChar, |
| 149 | + endChar: chunkStartChar + currentChunk.length, |
| 150 | + metadata: { |
| 151 | + documentId, |
| 152 | + documentName, |
| 153 | + }, |
| 154 | + }); |
| 155 | + |
| 156 | + // Start new chunk with overlap (include last sentence) |
| 157 | + const overlapSentences = this.getOverlapSentences(sentences, i, config.overlap); |
| 158 | + currentChunk = overlapSentences + sentence + " "; |
| 159 | + chunkStartChar = chunkStartChar + currentChunk.length - overlapSentences.length - sentence.length - 1; |
| 160 | + index++; |
| 161 | + } else { |
| 162 | + currentChunk += sentence + " "; |
| 163 | + } |
| 164 | + } |
| 165 | + |
| 166 | + // Add final chunk |
| 167 | + if (currentChunk.trim().length > 0) { |
| 168 | + chunks.push({ |
| 169 | + id: `${documentId}-chunk-${index}`, |
| 170 | + content: currentChunk.trim(), |
| 171 | + index, |
| 172 | + startChar: chunkStartChar, |
| 173 | + endChar: chunkStartChar + currentChunk.length, |
| 174 | + metadata: { |
| 175 | + documentId, |
| 176 | + documentName, |
| 177 | + }, |
| 178 | + }); |
| 179 | + } |
| 180 | + |
| 181 | + return chunks; |
| 182 | + } |
| 183 | + |
| 184 | + /** |
| 185 | + * Paragraph-level chunking |
| 186 | + */ |
| 187 | + private paragraphChunking( |
| 188 | + content: string, |
| 189 | + documentId: string, |
| 190 | + documentName: string, |
| 191 | + config: ChunkingConfig |
| 192 | + ): DocumentChunk[] { |
| 193 | + const chunks: DocumentChunk[] = []; |
| 194 | + |
| 195 | + // Split by double newlines (paragraphs) |
| 196 | + const paragraphs = content.split(/\n\n+/).filter(p => p.trim().length > 0); |
| 197 | + |
| 198 | + let currentChunk = ""; |
| 199 | + let chunkStartChar = 0; |
| 200 | + let index = 0; |
| 201 | + let currentPosition = 0; |
| 202 | + |
| 203 | + for (let i = 0; i < paragraphs.length; i++) { |
| 204 | + const paragraph = paragraphs[i].trim(); |
| 205 | + |
| 206 | + if (currentChunk.length + paragraph.length > config.chunkSize && currentChunk.length > 0) { |
| 207 | + // Save current chunk |
| 208 | + chunks.push({ |
| 209 | + id: `${documentId}-chunk-${index}`, |
| 210 | + content: currentChunk.trim(), |
| 211 | + index, |
| 212 | + startChar: chunkStartChar, |
| 213 | + endChar: currentPosition, |
| 214 | + metadata: { |
| 215 | + documentId, |
| 216 | + documentName, |
| 217 | + }, |
| 218 | + }); |
| 219 | + |
| 220 | + // Start new chunk |
| 221 | + currentChunk = paragraph + "\n\n"; |
| 222 | + chunkStartChar = currentPosition; |
| 223 | + index++; |
| 224 | + } else { |
| 225 | + currentChunk += paragraph + "\n\n"; |
| 226 | + } |
| 227 | + |
| 228 | + currentPosition += paragraph.length + 2; // +2 for \n\n |
| 229 | + } |
| 230 | + |
| 231 | + // Add final chunk |
| 232 | + if (currentChunk.trim().length > 0) { |
| 233 | + chunks.push({ |
| 234 | + id: `${documentId}-chunk-${index}`, |
| 235 | + content: currentChunk.trim(), |
| 236 | + index, |
| 237 | + startChar: chunkStartChar, |
| 238 | + endChar: currentPosition, |
| 239 | + metadata: { |
| 240 | + documentId, |
| 241 | + documentName, |
| 242 | + }, |
| 243 | + }); |
| 244 | + } |
| 245 | + |
| 246 | + return chunks; |
| 247 | + } |
| 248 | + |
| 249 | + /** |
| 250 | + * Recursive chunking with hierarchical separators |
| 251 | + */ |
| 252 | + private recursiveChunking( |
| 253 | + content: string, |
| 254 | + documentId: string, |
| 255 | + documentName: string, |
| 256 | + config: ChunkingConfig |
| 257 | + ): DocumentChunk[] { |
| 258 | + const chunks: DocumentChunk[] = []; |
| 259 | + const separators = config.separators || ["\n\n", "\n", ". ", " ", ""]; |
| 260 | + |
| 261 | + const splitRecursive = ( |
| 262 | + text: string, |
| 263 | + startChar: number, |
| 264 | + sepIndex: number = 0 |
| 265 | + ): string[] => { |
| 266 | + if (text.length <= config.chunkSize) { |
| 267 | + return [text]; |
| 268 | + } |
| 269 | + |
| 270 | + if (sepIndex >= separators.length) { |
| 271 | + // Fallback to character-level split |
| 272 | + return this.splitBySize(text, config.chunkSize); |
| 273 | + } |
| 274 | + |
| 275 | + const separator = separators[sepIndex]; |
| 276 | + const splits = text.split(separator); |
| 277 | + const result: string[] = []; |
| 278 | + let currentChunk = ""; |
| 279 | + |
| 280 | + for (let i = 0; i < splits.length; i++) { |
| 281 | + const piece = splits[i] + (i < splits.length - 1 ? separator : ""); |
| 282 | + |
| 283 | + if (currentChunk.length + piece.length <= config.chunkSize) { |
| 284 | + currentChunk += piece; |
| 285 | + } else { |
| 286 | + if (currentChunk.length > 0) { |
| 287 | + result.push(currentChunk); |
| 288 | + } |
| 289 | + |
| 290 | + if (piece.length > config.chunkSize) { |
| 291 | + // Piece is too large, recurse with next separator |
| 292 | + result.push(...splitRecursive(piece, startChar + currentChunk.length, sepIndex + 1)); |
| 293 | + currentChunk = ""; |
| 294 | + } else { |
| 295 | + currentChunk = piece; |
| 296 | + } |
| 297 | + } |
| 298 | + } |
| 299 | + |
| 300 | + if (currentChunk.length > 0) { |
| 301 | + result.push(currentChunk); |
| 302 | + } |
| 303 | + |
| 304 | + return result; |
| 305 | + }; |
| 306 | + |
| 307 | + const splitTexts = splitRecursive(content, 0); |
| 308 | + let position = 0; |
| 309 | + |
| 310 | + splitTexts.forEach((text, index) => { |
| 311 | + chunks.push({ |
| 312 | + id: `${documentId}-chunk-${index}`, |
| 313 | + content: text.trim(), |
| 314 | + index, |
| 315 | + startChar: position, |
| 316 | + endChar: position + text.length, |
| 317 | + metadata: { |
| 318 | + documentId, |
| 319 | + documentName, |
| 320 | + }, |
| 321 | + }); |
| 322 | + |
| 323 | + position += text.length; |
| 324 | + }); |
| 325 | + |
| 326 | + return chunks; |
| 327 | + } |
| 328 | + |
| 329 | + /** |
| 330 | + * Helper: Split text by size (character-level fallback) |
| 331 | + */ |
| 332 | + private splitBySize(text: string, size: number): string[] { |
| 333 | + const chunks: string[] = []; |
| 334 | + for (let i = 0; i < text.length; i += size) { |
| 335 | + chunks.push(text.slice(i, i + size)); |
| 336 | + } |
| 337 | + return chunks; |
| 338 | + } |
| 339 | + |
| 340 | + /** |
| 341 | + * Helper: Get overlap sentences for context |
| 342 | + */ |
| 343 | + private getOverlapSentences( |
| 344 | + sentences: string[], |
| 345 | + currentIndex: number, |
| 346 | + overlapSize: number |
| 347 | + ): string { |
| 348 | + let overlap = ""; |
| 349 | + let overlapLength = 0; |
| 350 | + |
| 351 | + for (let i = currentIndex - 1; i >= 0; i--) { |
| 352 | + if (overlapLength + sentences[i].length > overlapSize) break; |
| 353 | + overlap = sentences[i] + " " + overlap; |
| 354 | + overlapLength += sentences[i].length + 1; |
| 355 | + } |
| 356 | + |
| 357 | + return overlap; |
| 358 | + } |
| 359 | + |
| 360 | + /** |
| 361 | + * Get statistics about chunks |
| 362 | + */ |
| 363 | + getChunkStats(chunks: DocumentChunk[]): { |
| 364 | + totalChunks: number; |
| 365 | + avgChunkSize: number; |
| 366 | + minChunkSize: number; |
| 367 | + maxChunkSize: number; |
| 368 | + } { |
| 369 | + if (chunks.length === 0) { |
| 370 | + return { |
| 371 | + totalChunks: 0, |
| 372 | + avgChunkSize: 0, |
| 373 | + minChunkSize: 0, |
| 374 | + maxChunkSize: 0, |
| 375 | + }; |
| 376 | + } |
| 377 | + |
| 378 | + const sizes = chunks.map(c => c.content.length); |
| 379 | + |
| 380 | + return { |
| 381 | + totalChunks: chunks.length, |
| 382 | + avgChunkSize: Math.round(sizes.reduce((a, b) => a + b, 0) / sizes.length), |
| 383 | + minChunkSize: Math.min(...sizes), |
| 384 | + maxChunkSize: Math.max(...sizes), |
| 385 | + }; |
| 386 | + } |
| 387 | +} |
| 388 | + |
| 389 | +export const chunkingService = new ChunkingService(); |
| 390 | + |
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