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fern/changelog/2025-11-03.mdx

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fern/docs/pages/get-started/carriers.mdx

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## First step: authentication
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A big part of establishling a two-way SIP trunk is agreeing on how each side will authenticate the other.
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There are generally two ways to do this:
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1. IP whitelisting
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2. user/pasword authentication
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Jambonz supports three alternative methods for this:
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1. IP whitelisting; we call this an "IP trunk"
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2. The remote side authenticates to us with a username and password we give them; we call this an "Auth trunk"
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3. We authenticate to the remote side with a username and password they give us; we call this a "Registration trunk"
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### IP whitelisting
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### IP trunks
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This approach is quite simple. Basically, you exchange information about IP addresses with whoever is managing the
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remote side of the connection: you tell them the IPs your SIP signaling will be coming from, and they respond in kind.
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This approach is the most commonly used and quite simple. When your SIP trunking provider support IP whitelisting (sometimes referred to as "static IPs")
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this is the preferred approach.
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Basically, you exchange information about IP addresses with whoever is managing the
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remote side of the connection: you tell them the IPs your SIP signaling will be coming from, and they tell you their SIP signaling IPs.
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You can find your IP addresses quite easily in the jambonz portal. When you click to add a Carrier you can see the jambonz SIP
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signaling IPs by expanding the "Have your carriers whitelist our SIP signaling IPs" dropdown.
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That gives you the IP addresses that you need to communicate to your carrier; or, if they provide a self-service
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portal (or you are managing the remote side yourself), you configure those IPs yourself on the remote end.
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Next, you need to learn from them the SIP signaling IPs that they will sending you traffic from. These need
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Next, you need to learn from them the SIP signaling IPs that they will sending you traffic from, and those IPs they
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want you to send traffic to; we call these respectively the "inbound" and "outbound" gateways. These need
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to be static IPs that are well-known and generally don't change over time. Many carriers will post these IP
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addresses on their website (e.g.
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[Twilio](https://www.twilio.com/docs/sip-trunking/ip-addresses),
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[Simwood](https://support.simwood.com/hc/en-us/articles/360018812579-IP-Addresses-and-Whitelisting)), but if not
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you can ask them directly or enter a support ticket with them.
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Once you have their IPs you will add them into the SIP gateways section of Add Carrier page. Note that
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the far end may give you one or more specific IP addresses, or they may also give you a CIDR for a network
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range they own. In either case, you will click the "plus" sign to add each IP address or CIDR to the list.
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Now select the "IP trunk" option on the Add Carrier page in the jambonz portal.
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<Frame caption="IP trunk Carrier type">
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<img src="../../assets/images/trunk-type-ip.jpg" alt="Select IP Trunk type"/>
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</Frame>
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We group these far end SIP signaling IPs into two buckets: those that will send jambonz SIP signaling
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traffic for incoming calls (we call these inbound gateways) and those that jambonz will send SIP signaling to
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in order to generate an outbound call (we call these outbound gateways).
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Next, add their inbound signaling IPs on the Inbound page, and their outbound signaling IPs on the Outbound page.
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In simple cases, the far end may have a single IP that we can use as both an inbound and outbound sip gateway; in that case,
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simply add that IP on both the inbound and outbound pages.
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In simple cases, the far end may have a
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single IP that we can use as both an inbound and outbound sip gateway; in that case, we simply add that IP as a
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sip gateway and check both the inbound and outbound boxes. In more complex cases, the far end may have a set of
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In more complex cases, the far end may have a set of
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IPs that they will send us traffic from, but others they want us to use when we send them traffic. Or, they may
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want us to send to a DNS name when sending them traffic. In this case, we would add some inbound sip gateways and
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some outbound sip gateways.
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<Note>
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When you add an outbound sip gateway, you can specify either the far end IP address or a DNS name.
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When adding an inbound sip gateway, though, you must specify an IP address.
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When adding an inbound sip gateway, though, you must specify an IP address or CIDR range
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</Note>
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### User/password authentication
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### Auth trunks
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Some SIP trunking providers do not support whitelisting their static IPs. In such cases, what they sometimes can
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do is use a username, password and SIP realm that you give them to authenticate to jambonz. When they send us
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a SIP INVITE for a new call, we will challenge them for those credentials using SIP Digest authentication.
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If your carrier/SIP trunking provider works this way, they select the "Auth trunk" option for the Trunk Type on the
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Add Carrier page in the jambonz portal. Then select the "Inbound" tab and enter a username and password that you will
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give them to authenticate with. You will also tell them the SIP realm associated with your jambonz account, as they
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will need this as well.
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<Frame caption="SIP Digest credentials for Auth trunk">
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<img src="../../assets/images/auth-trunk-creds.jpg" alt="Auth trunk credentials"/>
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</Frame>
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Some SIP trunking providers do not support whitelisting their static IPs. In such cases, what they usually want
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you to do is to have your SIP gear "register" to them periodically with a username, password, and sip realm value
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that they give you. Jambonz supports this model as well.
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You can optionally add outbound gateways as well for an Auth trunk.
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The way this works is that jambonz periodically authenticates with the far end by sending a SIP REGISTER message,
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using those credentials. This identifies your end of the SIP trunk to the provider, and thus they know where to
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send your calls.
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### Registration trunks
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To enable this method, you will not enter any SIP inbound gateways as you did above, but you will still enter at least
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one outbound gateway. In most cases, this will be a DNS name that they give you to send the REGISTER to. Then, click
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on "Outbound authentication" and also "Require SIP Register" and fill in the username, password, and sip realm
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value that they gave you. Save those changes and after a short delay jambonz will begin registering with the far end.
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You can see the registation status in the portal.
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Finally, some SIP trunking providers do not support IP whitelisting, and instead require us to authenticate to them.
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In this case, they will provide you with the SIP digest credentials (username, password, and sip realm).
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<Frame caption="Configure sip username/password authentication">
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<img src="../../assets/images/outbound-auth.jpg" alt="sip authentication"/>
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To support this method, select the "Registration trunk" option for the Trunk Type on the Add Carrier page in the
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jambonz portal. Then, on the Outbound & Registration tab, select "Authentication" and add the username and password
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they have provided. Next, select "Require SIP Register" and enter the sip realm they have provided.
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<Frame caption="Registration trunk credentials">
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<img src="../../assets/images/reg-trunk-1.jpg" alt="Registration trunk credentials"/>
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</Frame>
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Finally, add at least
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one outbound sip gateway that jambonz will send the REGISTER messages to. This is typically a DNS name that they will have provided you,
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and it may be the same or different from the SIP realm.
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<Frame caption="Registration trunk outbound gateways">
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<img src="../../assets/images/reg-trunk-2.jpg" alt="Registration trunk outbound gateways"/>
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</Frame>
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Once we successfully register with the remote system, we will do a DNS lookup on the DNS name we are registering to in order to
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resolve to a set of IP addresses. Any INVITEs received from those IPs will automatically be accepted as coming from the remote
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side of the SIP trunk.
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## Advanced features
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The Carrier panel in the jambonz portal has a number of advanced features that you may need for from time to time,
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depending on your remote SIP trunk provider. These are described here.

fern/fern.config.json

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{
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"organization": "jambonz",
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"version": "0.66.29"
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"version": "0.84.8"
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}

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