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hibernate: How to Use Hibernate in an Application

The hibernate quickstart demonstrates how to use Hibernate ORM 6 over Persistence, using Bean Validation, and Enterprise Beans.

What is it?

The hibernate quickstart is based upon the kitchensink example, but demonstrates how to use Hibernate Object/Relational Mapping (ORM) over Persistence in Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform.

This project is setup to allow you to create a compliant Jakarta EE 10 application using Faces, Contexts and Dependency Injection, Enterprise Beans, Persistence, Hibernate ORM and Bean Validation. It includes a persistence unit, Persistence use to help you with database access.

Considerations for Use in a Production Environment

H2 Database

This quickstart uses the H2 database included with Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1. It is a lightweight, relational example datasource that is used for examples only. It is not robust or scalable, is not supported, and should NOT be used in a production environment.

System Requirements

The application this project produces is designed to be run on Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1 or later.

All you need to build this project is Java SE 17.0 or later, and Maven 3.6.0 or later. See Configure Maven to Build and Deploy the Quickstarts to make sure you are configured correctly for testing the quickstarts.

Use of the EAP_HOME and QUICKSTART_HOME Variables

In the following instructions, replace EAP_HOME with the actual path to your JBoss EAP installation. The installation path is described in detail here: Use of EAP_HOME and JBOSS_HOME Variables.

When you see the replaceable variable QUICKSTART_HOME, replace it with the path to the root directory of all of the quickstarts.

Add the Correct Dependencies

JBoss EAP provides Hibernate 6 and Persistence support.

If you use Hibernate 6 packaged within JBoss EAP, you will need to first import the Persistence API.

This quickstart demonstrates usage of Persistence and Bean Validation.

If you look at the pom.xml file in the root of the hibernate quickstart directory, you will see that the dependencies for the Hibernate modules have been added with the scope as provided.

For example:

<dependency>
   <groupId>org.hibernate.validator</groupId>
   <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
    <scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>

Building and running the quickstart application with a JBoss EAP server distribution

Back Up the JBoss EAP Standalone Server Configuration

Before you begin, back up your server configuration file.

  1. If it is running, stop the JBoss EAP server.

  2. Back up the EAP_HOME/standalone/configuration/standalone.xml file.

After you have completed testing this quickstart, you can replace this file to restore the server to its original configuration.

Start the JBoss EAP Standalone Server

  1. Open a terminal and navigate to the root of the JBoss EAP directory.

  2. Start the JBoss EAP server with the default profile by typing the following command.

    $ EAP_HOME/bin/standalone.sh
    Note
    		 For Windows, use the EAP_HOME\bin\standalone.bat script.

Configure the Server

You can configure the server by running JBoss CLI commands. For your convenience, this quickstart batches the commands into a configure-server.cli script provided in the root directory of this quickstart.

  1. Before you begin, make sure you do the following:

  2. Review the configure-server.cli file in the root of this quickstart directory. This script adds datasource required for this quickstart.

  3. Open a new terminal, navigate to the root directory of this quickstart, and run the following command, replacing EAP_HOME with the path to your server:

    $ EAP_HOME/bin/jboss-cli.sh --connect --file=configure-server.cli
    Note
    		 For Windows, use the EAP_HOME\bin\jboss-cli.bat script.

    You should see the following result when you run the script:

    The batch executed successfully

  4. Stop the JBoss EAP server.

Review the Modified Server Configuration

After stopping the server, open the EAP_HOME/standalone/configuration/standalone.xml file and review the changes.

  1. The following datasource was added to the datasources subsystem.

    <datasource jndi-name="java:jboss/datasources/HibernateQuickstartDS"
      pool-name="HibernateQuickstartDS"
      use-java-context="true">
   <connection-url>jdbc:h2:mem:hibernate-quickstart;DB_CLOSE_ON_EXIT=FALSE;DB_CLOSE_DELAY=-1</connection-url>
   <driver>h2</driver>
   <security>
      <user-name>sa</user-name>
      <password>sa</password>
   </security>
</datasource>

Build and Deploy the Quickstart

  1. Make sure JBoss EAP server is started.

  2. Open a terminal and navigate to the root directory of this quickstart.

  3. Type the following command to build the quickstart.

    $ mvn clean package

  4. Type the following command to deploy the quickstart.

    $ mvn wildfly:deploy

This deploys the hibernate/target/hibernate.war to the running instance of the server.

You should see a message in the server log indicating that the archive deployed successfully.

Access the Application

The application will be running at the following URL: http://localhost:8080/hibernate/.

Run the Integration Tests

This quickstart includes integration tests, which are located under the src/test/ directory. The integration tests verify that the quickstart runs correctly when deployed on the server.

Follow these steps to run the integration tests.

  1. Make sure JBoss EAP server is started.

  2. Make sure the quickstart is deployed.

  3. Type the following command to run the verify goal with the integration-testing profile activated.

    $ mvn verify -Pintegration-testing

Undeploy the Quickstart

When you are finished testing the quickstart, follow these steps to undeploy the archive.

  1. Make sure JBoss EAP server is started.

  2. Open a terminal and navigate to the root directory of this quickstart.

  3. Type this command to undeploy the archive:

    $ mvn wildfly:undeploy

Restore the JBoss EAP Standalone Server Configuration

You can restore the original server configuration using either of the following methods.

Restore the JBoss EAP Standalone Server Configuration by Running the JBoss CLI Script

  1. Start the JBoss EAP server as described above.

  2. Open a new terminal, navigate to the root directory of this quickstart, and run the following command, replacing EAP_HOME with the path to your server:

    $ EAP_HOME/bin/jboss-cli.sh --connect --file=restore-configuration.cli
    Note
    		 For Windows, use the EAP_HOME\bin\jboss-cli.bat script.

This script removes the datasource used for this quickstart. You should see the following result when you run the script:

The batch executed successfully
process-state: reload-required

Restore the JBoss EAP Standalone Server Configuration Manually

When you have completed testing the quickstart, you can restore the original server configuration by manually restoring the backup copy the configuration file.

  1. If it is running, stop the JBoss EAP server.

  2. Replace the EAP_HOME/standalone/configuration/standalone.xml file with the backup copy of the file.

Building and running the quickstart application with provisioned JBoss EAP server

Instead of using a standard JBoss EAP server distribution, you can alternatively provision a JBoss EAP server to deploy and run the quickstart. The functionality is provided by the WildFly Maven Plugin, and you may find its configuration in the quickstart pom.xml:

<profile>
    <id>provisioned-server</id>
    <activation>
        <activeByDefault>true</activeByDefault>
    </activation>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.jboss.eap.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>eap-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    ...
                    <feature-packs>
                        <feature-pack>
                            <location>org.jboss.eap:wildfly-ee-galleon-pack</location>
                        </feature-pack>
                        ...
                    </feature-packs>
                    <layers>...</layers>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>package</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
            ...
        </plugins>
    </build>
</profile>
Note

When built, the provisioned JBoss EAP server can be found in the target/server directory, and its usage is similar to a standard server distribution, with the simplification that there is never the need to specify the server configuration to be started.

Follow these steps to run the quickstart using the provisioned server.

Procedure

  1. Make sure the server is provisioned.

    $ mvn clean package

  2. Start the JBoss EAP provisioned server, using the WildFly Maven Plugin start goal.

    $ mvn wildfly:start

  3. Type the following command to run the integration tests.

    $ mvn verify -Pintegration-testing

  4. Shut down the JBoss EAP provisioned server.

    $ mvn wildfly:shutdown

Building and running the quickstart application with OpenShift

Build the JBoss EAP Source-to-Image (S2I) Quickstart to OpenShift with Helm Charts

On OpenShift, the S2I build with Apache Maven uses an openshift Maven profile to provision a JBoss EAP server, deploy and run the quickstart in OpenShift environment.

The server provisioning functionality is provided by the EAP Maven Plugin, and you may find its configuration in the quickstart pom.xml:

<profile>
    <id>openshift</id>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.jboss.eap.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>eap-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    ...
                    <feature-packs>
                        <feature-pack>
                            <location>org.jboss.eap:wildfly-ee-galleon-pack</location>
                        </feature-pack>
                        <feature-pack>
                            <location>org.jboss.eap.cloud:eap-cloud-galleon-pack</location>
                        </feature-pack>
                    </feature-packs>
                    <layers>...</layers>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>package</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
            ...
        </plugins>
    </build>
</profile>

You may note that it uses the cloud feature pack which enables a configuration tuned for the OpenShift environment.

Getting Started with JBoss EAP for OpenShift and Helm Charts

This section contains the basic instructions to build and deploy this quickstart to JBoss EAP for OpenShift or JBoss EAP for OpenShift Online using Helm Charts.

Prerequisites

  • You must be logged in OpenShift and have an oc client to connect to OpenShift

  • Helm must be installed to deploy the backend on OpenShift.

Once you have installed Helm, you need to add the repository that provides Helm Charts for JBoss EAP.

$ helm repo add jboss-eap https://jbossas.github.io/eap-charts/
"jboss-eap" has been added to your repositories
$ helm search repo jboss-eap
NAME                    CHART VERSION   APP VERSION     DESCRIPTION
jboss-eap/eap81         ...             ...             A Helm chart to build and deploy EAP 8.1 applications

Deploy the JBoss EAP Source-to-Image (S2I) Quickstart to OpenShift with Helm Charts

Log in to your OpenShift instance using the oc login command. The backend will be built and deployed on OpenShift with a Helm Chart for JBoss EAP.

Navigate to the root directory of this quickstart and run the following command:

$ helm install hibernate -f charts/helm.yaml jboss-eap/eap81 --wait --timeout=10m0s 
NAME: hibernate
...
STATUS: deployed
REVISION: 1

This command will return once the application has successfully deployed. In case of a timeout, you can check the status of the application with the following command in another terminal:

oc get deployment hibernate

The Helm Chart for this quickstart contains all the information to build an image from the source code using S2I on Java 17:

build:
  uri: https://github.com/jboss-developer/jboss-eap-quickstarts.git
  ref: 8.1.x
  contextDir: hibernate
deploy:
  replicas: 1

This will create a new deployment on OpenShift and deploy the application.

If you want to see all the configuration elements to customize your deployment you can use the following command:

$ helm show readme jboss-eap/eap81

Get the URL of the route to the deployment.

$ oc get route hibernate -o jsonpath="{.spec.host}"

Access the application in your web browser using the displayed URL.

Run the Integration Tests with OpenShift

The integration tests included with this quickstart, which verify that the quickstart runs correctly, may also be run with the quickstart running on OpenShift.

Note

The integration tests expect a deployed application, so make sure you have deployed the quickstart on OpenShift before you begin.

Run the integration tests using the following command to run the verify goal with the integration-testing profile activated and the proper URL:

$ mvn verify -Pintegration-testing -Dserver.host=https://$(oc get route hibernate --template='{{ .spec.host }}')
Note

The tests are using SSL to connect to the quickstart running on OpenShift. So you need the certificates to be trusted by the machine the tests are run from.

Undeploy the JBoss EAP Source-to-Image (S2I) Quickstart from OpenShift with Helm Charts

$ helm uninstall hibernate