Remove support for Python 3.9

Author: jobovy

.github/copilot-instructions.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 
 - **Repository Size**: ~44MB (7.1MB galpy/, 3.3MB tests/, 18MB doc/)
 - **Languages**: Python (142 files) and C (81 files for performance-critical extensions)
-- **Python Versions**: Supports 3.9, 3.10, 3.11, 3.12, and 3.13
+- **Python Versions**: Supports 3.10, 3.11, 3.12, 3.13, and 3.14
 - **Key Dependencies**: numpy, scipy, matplotlib (required); GSL 1.14+ (optional, for C extensions)
 - **Optional Dependencies**: astropy, astroquery, tqdm, numexpr, numba, JAX, pynbody
 

.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -192,22 +192,6 @@ jobs:
             REQUIRES_ASTROQUERY: true
             REQUIRES_NUMBA: false
             REQUIRES_JAX: false
-          - os: ubuntu-latest
-            python-version: 3.9
-            TEST_FILES: tests/test_orbit.py -k 'test_energy_jacobi_conservation or from_name'
-            REQUIRES_PYNBODY: true
-            REQUIRES_ASTROPY: true
-            REQUIRES_ASTROQUERY: true
-            REQUIRES_NUMBA: false
-            REQUIRES_JAX: false
-          - os: ubuntu-latest
-            python-version: 3.9
-            TEST_FILES: tests/test_orbit.py tests/test_orbits.py -k 'not test_energy_jacobi_conservation'
-            REQUIRES_PYNBODY: true
-            REQUIRES_ASTROPY: true
-            REQUIRES_ASTROQUERY: true
-            REQUIRES_NUMBA: false
-            REQUIRES_JAX: false
           - os: macos-15-intel
             python-version: "3.14"
             TEST_FILES: tests/test_orbit.py -k 'test_energy_jacobi_conservation or from_name'

.github/workflows/build_windows.yml

@@ -192,22 +192,6 @@ jobs:
             REQUIRES_ASTROQUERY: true
             REQUIRES_NUMBA: false
             REQUIRES_JAX: false
-          - os: windows-latest
-            python-version: 3.9
-            TEST_FILES: tests/test_orbit.py -k test_energy_jacobi_conservation
-            REQUIRES_PYNBODY: false
-            REQUIRES_ASTROPY: true
-            REQUIRES_ASTROQUERY: true
-            REQUIRES_NUMBA: false
-            REQUIRES_JAX: false
-          - os: windows-latest
-            python-version: 3.9
-            TEST_FILES: tests/test_orbit.py tests/test_orbits.py -k 'not test_energy_jacobi_conservation'
-            REQUIRES_PYNBODY: false
-            REQUIRES_ASTROPY: true
-            REQUIRES_ASTROQUERY: true
-            REQUIRES_NUMBA: false
-            REQUIRES_JAX: false
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@v6
     - name: Set up Python ${{ matrix.python-version }}

.github/workflows/wheels.yml

@@ -36,7 +36,6 @@ jobs:
         - [macos-14, macosx, arm64]
         - [windows-2025, win, amd64]
         python:
-        - ["cp39","3.9"]
         - ["cp310","3.10"]
         - ["cp311","3.11"]
         - ["cp312","3.12"]
@@ -103,7 +102,6 @@ jobs:
             - [macos-14, macosx, arm64]
             - [windows-2025, win, amd64]
           python:
-            - ["cp39","3.9"]
             - ["cp310","3.10"]
             - ["cp311","3.11"]
             - ["cp312","3.12"]

HISTORY.txt

@@ -14,6 +14,8 @@ v1.11.2 (expected around 2026-03-01)
   integration. The C implementation uses the hyp2f1 hypergeometric function
   and handles the special case where alpha=2.
 
+- Removed support for Python 3.9 (which has reached its end of life in Oct 2025).
+
 v1.11.1 (2025-11-02)
 ====================
 

README.md

@@ -46,9 +46,9 @@ FAQ](http://docs.galpy.org/en/latest/installation.html#installation-faq).
 PYTHON VERSIONS AND DEPENDENCIES
 ================================
 
-`galpy` supports Python 3. Specifically, galpy supports Python 3.9, 3.10, 3.11, 3.12,
+`galpy` supports Python 3. Specifically, galpy supports Python 3.10, 3.11, 3.12,
 3.13, and 3.14. GitHub Actions CI builds regularly check support for
-Python 3.14 (and of 3.9, 3.10, 3.11, 3.12, and 3.13 using a more limited, core set of tests)
+Python 3.14 (and of 3.10, 3.11, 3.12, and 3.13 using a more limited, core set of tests)
 on Linux and Windows (and 3.14 on Mac OS). Python 2.7 is no longer supported.
 
 This package requires [Numpy](https://numpy.org/),

doc/source/installation.rst

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ TL;DR
 
             python -m pip install --only-binary galpy galpy
 
-        This should install a fully-working version of galpy for Python versions >=3.9. If this fails, please open an `issue <https://github.com/jobovy/galpy/issues/new?assignees=&labels=&template=bug_report.md&title=>`__ on the ``galpy`` GitHub page, making sure to specify your platform and Python version. Then read on at :ref:`detailed_installation` to learn how to install ``galpy`` when the above fails.
+        This should install a fully-working version of galpy for Python versions >=3.10. If this fails, please open an `issue <https://github.com/jobovy/galpy/issues/new?assignees=&labels=&template=bug_report.md&title=>`__ on the ``galpy`` GitHub page, making sure to specify your platform and Python version. Then read on at :ref:`detailed_installation` to learn how to install ``galpy`` when the above fails.
 
     .. tab-item:: Mac
 
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ TL;DR
 
             conda install -c conda-forge gsl galpy
 
-        These should install a fully-working version of galpy for Python versions >=3.9. If this fails, please open an `issue <https://github.com/jobovy/galpy/issues/new?assignees=&labels=&template=bug_report.md&title=>`__ on the ``galpy`` GitHub page, making sure to specify your platform and Python version. Then read on at :ref:`detailed_installation` to learn how to install ``galpy`` when the above fails.
+        These should install a fully-working version of galpy for Python versions >=3.10. If this fails, please open an `issue <https://github.com/jobovy/galpy/issues/new?assignees=&labels=&template=bug_report.md&title=>`__ on the ``galpy`` GitHub page, making sure to specify your platform and Python version. Then read on at :ref:`detailed_installation` to learn how to install ``galpy`` when the above fails.
 
     .. tab-item:: Windows
 

setup.py

@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ def msvc_compile(
         "": ["README.md", "README.dev", "LICENSE", "AUTHORS.rst"],
     },
     include_package_data=True,
-    python_requires=">=3.9",
+    python_requires=">=3.10",
     install_requires=["packaging", "numpy>=1.7", "scipy", "matplotlib"],
     extras_require={
         "docs": ["sphinxext-opengraph", "sphinx-design", "markupsafe==2.0.1"]
@@ -348,7 +348,6 @@ def msvc_compile(
         "License :: OSI Approved :: BSD License",
         "Operating System :: OS Independent",
         "Programming Language :: C",
-        "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11",
         "Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12",

tools/create_galpy_wheels.sh

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 # Python version locally; useful for creating ARM64 wheels, because
 # not possible with CIs currently
 source ~/.bash_profile
-PYTHON_VERSIONS=("3.9" "3.10")
+PYTHON_VERSIONS=("3.10")
 GALPY_VERSION=1.8.0
 
 rm -rf galpy-wheels-output