Complete iOS content (#6168)

* completed xcode, data persistence, callbacks and others

* add copy for remaining topics

* complete ios content, correct platform names

src/data/roadmaps/ios/content/accessibility-inspector@h34LaYQ3JYN2AZPMDqpmO.md

@@ -1 +1,9 @@
-# Accessibility Inspector
+# Accessibility Inspector
+
+The Accessibility Inspector is a powerful tool in Xcode that helps developers ensure their iOS applications are accessible to users with disabilities. It provides a comprehensive view of an app's accessibility features, allowing developers to inspect and test various accessibility attributes of UI elements. The inspector displays information such as accessibility labels, hints, and traits for each element on the screen. It enables real-time simulation of different accessibility settings, such as VoiceOver, to test how the app behaves under various accessibility conditions. Developers can use the Accessibility Inspector to identify and fix issues related to screen reader compatibility, color contrast, and touch target sizes. This tool is crucial for creating inclusive apps that comply with accessibility guidelines and standards, ensuring that apps are usable by people with visual, auditory, motor, or cognitive impairments. Regular use of the Accessibility Inspector throughout the development process helps in building more universally accessible and user-friendly iOS applications.
+
+Learn more from the following resources:
+
+- [@official@Accessibility Inspector](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/accessibility/accessibility-inspector)
+- [@official@Inspecting the accessibility of the screens in your app](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/accessibility/inspecting-the-accessibility-of-screens)
+- [@video@Perform accessibility audits for your app](https://developer.apple.com/videos/play/wwdc2023/10035/)

src/data/roadmaps/ios/content/alamofire@nJeBisdKtN43ntkXnPCVF.md

@@ -1 +1,9 @@
-# Alamofire
+# Alamofire
+
+Alamofire is a popular third-party networking library for iOS, built on top of Apple's URLSession. It offers a more elegant and simplified interface for common networking tasks, making it easier to write concise and readable networking code. Alamofire provides a chainable request/response API, automated JSON parsing, authentication handling, and convenient methods for common HTTP operations. It supports features like request/response interceptors, network reachability monitoring, and robust error handling. The library is particularly useful for working with RESTful APIs, offering easy integration with JSON and Swift's Codable protocol. Alamofire's modular architecture allows for easy extension and customization, making it adaptable to various project needs. While it adds an external dependency to projects, many developers find that Alamofire's convenience and feature set outweigh this consideration, especially in complex networking scenarios where it can significantly reduce boilerplate code and simplify network request management.
+
+Learn more from the following resources:
+
+- [@opensource@Alamofire/Alamofire](https://github.com/Alamofire/Alamofire)
+- [@article@Alamofire Tutorial with Swift (Quickstart)](https://codewithchris.com/alamofire/)
+- [@article@How to Use Alamofire in Swift: A Guide](https://www.waldo.com/blog/how-to-use-alamofire)

src/data/roadmaps/ios/content/app-store-distribution@iZAXQKLe2LaIIifVFtFOL.md

@@ -1 +1,18 @@
-# App Store Distribution
+# App Store Distribution
+
+App Store distribution is the process of preparing and submitting an iOS application for release on Apple's App Store. This involves several key steps: 
+
+1. App Store Connect Setup: Registering your app in App Store Connect, including adding app metadata, screenshots, and descriptions.
+2. Certificates and Provisioning Profiles: Creating the necessary certificates and provisioning profiles in the Apple Developer portal to sign your app for distribution.
+3. Build and Archive: Using Xcode to build and archive your app, ensuring it meets Apple’s guidelines and standards.
+4. Submission: Submitting the app for review through App Store Connect, where Apple’s review team evaluates it for compliance with their guidelines.
+5. Release and Updates: Once approved, the app is published to the App Store. Developers can manage updates, monitor app performance, and respond to user feedback through App Store Connect.
+
+This process ensures that apps are of high quality, secure, and provide a good user experience before reaching the end users.
+
+Learn more from the following resources:
+
+- [@official@Distribute on App Store](https://developer.apple.com/distribute/)
+- [@official@Distributing Custom Apps](https://developer.apple.com/custom-apps/)
+- [@video@Submit App to App Store (Upload iOS App)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bz_KJdXylh0)
+- [@article@Creating the iOS Provisioning Profiles](https://support.staffbase.com/hc/en-us/articles/115003598691-Creating-the-iOS-Provisioning-Profiles)

src/data/roadmaps/ios/content/app-store-optimization-aso@jZpH-T2hW-XBdprVqemGi.md

@@ -1 +1,9 @@
-# App Store Optimization (ASO)
+# App Store Optimization (ASO)
+
+App Store Optimization (ASO) is the process of improving the visibility and ranking of a mobile app within app stores like Apple's App Store and Google Play. The goal of ASO is to increase app downloads and user engagement. Key strategies include optimizing the app title and description with relevant keywords, creating compelling and clear app icons, and using high-quality screenshots and videos to showcase the app's features. Additionally, gathering positive user reviews and ratings, regularly updating the app to fix bugs and add new features, and encouraging user engagement can significantly enhance an app’s ranking. ASO also involves monitoring and analyzing performance metrics to continually refine and improve the app’s visibility and attractiveness to potential users. Effective ASO leads to higher organic downloads and better overall app performance.
+
+Learn more from the following resources:
+
+- [@video@5 Essential ASO Strategies to Boost Your App Store Ranking in 2024](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bqM9x-oRZOA)
+- [@video@Advanced App Store Optimization Strategies for 2024](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d8TOuMnMv74)
+- [@article@What is App Store Optimization (ASO)?](https://appradar.com/academy/what-is-app-store-optimization-aso)

src/data/roadmaps/ios/content/async--await@ysaBCl_TtWqelirptQp7P.md

@@ -1 +1,9 @@
-# Async / Await
+# Async / Await
+
+Async/await in Swift is a modern approach to handling asynchronous operations, introduced to simplify complex asynchronous code and mitigate the challenges of callback-based programming. This feature allows developers to write asynchronous code that looks and behaves like synchronous code, improving readability and maintainability. The 'async' keyword marks functions that can be suspended and resumed, while 'await' is used to call these functions and wait for their completion without blocking the entire thread. This pattern integrates seamlessly with Swift's error handling mechanism, allowing for more natural try-catch blocks in asynchronous contexts. Async/await works with Swift's structured concurrency system, including tasks and actors, to manage complex asynchronous operations more easily.
+
+Learn more from the following resources:
+
+- [@article@Async await in Swift explained with code examples](https://www.avanderlee.com/swift/async-await/)
+- [@article@Swift async await](https://www.hackingwithswift.com/swift/5.5/async-await)
+- [@video@Meet async/await in Swift](https://developer.apple.com/videos/play/wwdc2021/10132/)

src/data/roadmaps/ios/content/azure-devops@r3fNx1Hk_TGlQSDtRnXqF.md

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+# Azure DevOps
+
+Azure DevOps is a suite of development tools and services offered by Microsoft to support the entire software development lifecycle. It includes Azure Repos for source code management with Git repositories, Azure Pipelines for continuous integration and continuous deployment (CI/CD), Azure Boards for agile project management and tracking, Azure Artifacts for managing and sharing packages, and Azure Test Plans for manual and exploratory testing. Azure DevOps integrates seamlessly with a variety of third-party tools and services, offering flexibility and extensibility. It provides robust security features, comprehensive reporting, and scalable infrastructure, making it suitable for teams of all sizes. By using Azure DevOps, development teams can collaborate more effectively, automate their workflows, and deliver high-quality software more quickly and efficiently.
+
+- [@official@Azure DevOps Website](https://azure.microsoft.com/en-gb/products/devops)
+- [@article@Build, test, and deploy Xcode apps](https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/devops/pipelines/ecosystems/xcode?view=azure-devops)
+- [@video@Azure DevOps Tutorial for Beginners](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4BibQ69MD8c)

src/data/roadmaps/ios/content/basics--creating-animations@w0i5Dxp40XS2HnF5nXeZI.md

@@ -6,6 +6,6 @@ Learn more from the following resources:
 
 - [@official@CALayer Documentation](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/quartzcore/calayer)
 - [@official@CABasicAnimation Documentation]
-- [@official@]CAKeyframeAnimation Documentation](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/quartzcore/cakeyframeanimation)
+- [@official@CAKeyframeAnimation Documentation](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/quartzcore/cakeyframeanimation)
 (https://developer.apple.com/documentation/quartzcore/cabasicanimation)
 - [@article@What is CALayer?](https://www.hackingwithswift.com/example-code/calayer/what-is-calayer)

src/data/roadmaps/ios/content/breakpoints@X0QavvwPVJU6sulafPVUK.md

@@ -1 +1,20 @@
-# Breakpoints
+# Breakpoints
+
+Xcode debugger breakpoints are powerful tools for pausing program execution at specific points, allowing developers to inspect the application state and diagnose issues. Key features include:
+
+1. Line breakpoints: Set on specific code lines to pause execution.
+2. Symbolic breakpoints: Trigger on function or method names.
+3. Exception breakpoints: Pause when exceptions occur.
+4. Conditional breakpoints: Only activate when certain conditions are met.
+5. Action breakpoints: Perform custom actions when hit, like logging or running scripts.
+6. Breakpoint navigator: Centralized management of all breakpoints.
+7. Enable/disable options: Easily toggle breakpoints without removing them.
+8. Breakpoint groups: Organize and manage sets of related breakpoints.
+
+Breakpoints can be set by clicking in the gutter of the source editor or through the Breakpoint Navigator.
+
+Learn more from the following resources:
+
+- [@official@Setting breakpoints to pause your running app](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/xcode/setting-breakpoints-to-pause-your-running-app)
+- [@article@How to add and use a breakpoint in XCode](https://www.delasign.com/blog/xcode-add-use-breakpoint/)
+- [@video@Debugging Apps with Xcode 15: Debugging with Breakpoints](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wYldJF-8fWA)

src/data/roadmaps/ios/content/building-interfaces@YvuYJceeNNfLBpq2-3iiL.md

@@ -1 +1,9 @@
-# Building Interfaces
+# Building Interfaces
+
+SwiftUI is Apple's modern framework for building user interfaces across all Apple platforms using Swift. It employs a declarative syntax where UI is described using Swift code, defining what should appear rather than how to create it. Xcode provides real-time previews of the UI as you code, enhancing the development experience. SwiftUI uses property wrappers like `@State` for managing UI state, and offers a flexible layout system with VStack, HStack, and ZStack. Complex UIs are built by composing smaller, reusable views, and data flow between views is managed using `@Binding` and `@ObservedObject`. The framework provides chainable modifiers for customizing view appearance and behavior, easy-to-implement declarative animations, and built-in support for common gestures. SwiftUI simplifies UI development by reducing boilerplate code and offering a more intuitive way to create responsive, adaptive interfaces that can target iOS, macOS, watchOS, and tvOS from a single codebase.
+
+Learn more from the following resources:
+
+- [@official@ZStack](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/zstack)
+- [@official@VStack](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/vstack)
+- [@official@HStack](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swiftui/hstack)

src/data/roadmaps/ios/content/callback-hell@WhOpzFvv21QQV3aS6XbXr.md

@@ -1 +1,9 @@
-# Callback Hell
+# Callback Hell
+
+Callback hell, also known as the pyramid of doom, is a common issue in asynchronous programming where multiple nested callbacks create code that is difficult to read, understand, and maintain. This problem typically arises when dealing with multiple asynchronous operations that depend on each other's results. As callbacks are nested within callbacks, the code structure becomes deeply indented, resembling a pyramid shape. This nesting not only hampers code readability but also makes error handling and flow control more complex. To mitigate callback hell, developers often employ techniques such as modularizing code, using named functions instead of anonymous closures, or adopting more advanced asynchronous patterns. Modern Swift development addresses this issue through the use of promises, futures, completion handlers, and most recently, the async/await pattern, which provides a more linear and readable approach to handling asynchronous operations.
+
+Learn more from the following resources:
+
+- [@article@Avoiding callback hell in Swift](https://swiftrocks.com/avoiding-callback-hell-in-swift)
+- [@article@Say Goodbye to Callback Hell: A Beginner’s Guide to Async/Await in Swift](https://medium.com/@asumahbanda3/say-goodbye-to-callback-hell-a-beginners-guide-to-async-await-in-swift-4c3230183218)
+- [@video@What is JavaScript Callback Hell?](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NOlOw03qBfw)

src/data/roadmaps/ios/content/callbacks@qJEd7KU52xL_GRG3IQqhM.md

@@ -1 +1,9 @@
-# Callbacks
+# Callbacks
+
+Callbacks in Swift provide a mechanism for asynchronous communication between different parts of an application. They allow a function to pass control back to the caller once a task is completed, making them particularly useful for handling time-consuming operations or events that occur at unpredictable times. In Swift, callbacks are often implemented using closures, which are self-contained blocks of functionality that can be passed around and executed later. This approach is commonly used in network operations, user interface events, and any scenario where the result of an operation isn't immediately available.
+
+While simple to implement for basic use cases, callbacks can lead to complex nested structures (often referred to as "callback hell") in more intricate scenarios. To mitigate this, Swift offers more advanced patterns like completion handlers, promises, and async/await syntax, which provide cleaner ways to handle asynchronous operations while maintaining the core concept of passing control back to the caller upon completion.
+
+Learn more from the following resources:
+
+- [@article@Use callback in swift (UIKit)](https://medium.com/@ravenst/use-callback-in-swift-uikit-7d5a85d37c9e)

src/data/roadmaps/ios/content/capturing-values--memory-mgmt@S-D-PnHA7COd2Dp6U2XO4.md

@@ -1 +1,8 @@
-# Capturing Values & Memory Mgmt.
+# Capturing Values & Memory Mgmt.
+
+Capturing values in closures is a powerful feature in Swift that allows closures to access and retain variables from their surrounding context. When a closure captures a value, it creates a strong reference to that value, potentially extending its lifetime beyond its original scope. This behavior is crucial for maintaining state in asynchronous operations but can lead to memory management challenges if not handled carefully. Swift provides capture lists to explicitly define how values should be captured, allowing developers to specify weak or unowned references to avoid retain cycles. Proper management of captured values is essential for preventing memory leaks, especially in scenarios involving self-referential closures or delegate patterns. Understanding the implications of value capture and employing appropriate memory management techniques ensures efficient and leak-free use of closures in Swift applications, particularly in complex asynchronous and event-driven programming scenarios.
+
+Learn more from the following resources:
+
+- [@article@Capture lists in Swift](https://www.hackingwithswift.com/articles/179/capture-lists-in-swift-whats-the-difference-between-weak-strong-and-unowned-references)
+- [@article@Swift’s closure capturing mechanics](https://www.swiftbysundell.com/articles/swifts-closure-capturing-mechanics/)

src/data/roadmaps/ios/content/carthage@tIHjjNTXJWcNgkO6TB9ea.md

@@ -1 +1,8 @@
-# Carthage
+# Carthage
+
+Carthage is a decentralized dependency manager for iOS and macOS development, offering a lightweight alternative to CocoaPods. It focuses on building frameworks rather than integrating directly into projects, giving developers more control over their project structure. Carthage fetches and builds dependencies as specified in a Cartfile, creating standalone frameworks that can be easily integrated into Xcode projects. This approach keeps the project's structure intact and allows for easier version control. Carthage supports both Swift and Objective-C libraries and works well with dynamic frameworks. It's particularly favored for its simplicity and non-invasive nature, as it doesn't modify project files or create workspaces. While Carthage requires manual framework linking, which can be more time-consuming initially, it offers faster build times and more flexibility in managing dependencies. This tool is often preferred by developers who desire more control over their dependency integration process and project structure.
+
+Learn more from the following resources:
+
+- [@opensource@carthage/carthage](https://github.com/Carthage/Carthage)
+- [@course@Carthage - Getting Started](https://www.kodeco.com/7649117-carthage-tutorial-getting-started)

src/data/roadmaps/ios/content/ci--cd@U4xE1enkZxUME0j0gutae.md

@@ -1 +1,9 @@
-# CI / CD
+# CI / CD
+
+Continuous Integration (CI) and Continuous Deployment (CD) are practices aimed at improving software development efficiency and quality by automating the integration and delivery processes.
+
+Continuous Integration (CI) involves automatically integrating code changes from multiple contributors into a shared repository several times a day. Each integration is verified by an automated build, allowing teams to detect and address issues early. CI tools like Jenkins, GitHub Actions, and Travis CI run automated tests and ensure that new code commits do not break the existing functionality.
+
+Continuous Deployment (CD) extends CI by automating the release of validated changes to production. Every change that passes the automated tests is automatically deployed to the production environment, ensuring that the software is always in a release-ready state. This practice reduces the time between development and release, allowing for faster delivery of features and updates.
+
+Together, CI/CD practices help teams achieve rapid, reliable, and repeatable software delivery, fostering a culture of continuous improvement and agility.