feat(ci): add docker build dry run

Author: kioqq

.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+name: Docker dry run
+
+on:
+    push:
+    pull_request:
+    workflow_dispatch:
+
+    schedule:
+        - cron: '0 0 * * *'  # every day at 00:00
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Prepare
+        id: prep
+        run: |
+          TAG=$(echo $GITHUB_SHA | head -c7)
+          IMAGE="klickhouse-example-img"
+          echo "tagged_image=${IMAGE}:${TAG}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+          echo "tag=${TAG}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
+
+      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
+        id: buildx
+        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
+        with:
+          install: true
+
+      - name: Cache Docker layers
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        with:
+          path: /tmp/.buildx-cache
+          key: ${{ runner.os }}-buildx-${{ github.sha }}
+          restore-keys: |
+            ${{ runner.os }}-buildx-
+
+      - name: Docker build
+        uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
+        with:
+          builder: ${{ steps.buildx.outputs.name }}
+          push: false
+          context: .
+          tags: ${{ steps.prep.outputs.tagged_image }}
+          cache-from: type=local,src=/tmp/.buildx-cache
+          cache-to: type=local,mode=max,dest=/tmp/.buildx-cache-new
+          
+      - name: Move cache
+        run: |
+          rm -rf /tmp/.buildx-cache
+          mv /tmp/.buildx-cache-new /tmp/.buildx-cache