diff --git a/CMakeLists.txt b/CMakeLists.txt
index bc3b1e63b..a3b033562 100644
--- a/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -150,6 +150,7 @@ if(NOT WIN32)
   add_subdirectory(profiling/chrome-tracing)
   add_subdirectory(profiling/space-time-stack)
   add_subdirectory(profiling/perfetto-connector)
+  add_subdirectory(profiling/energy-profiler)
 endif()
 
 # External lib connectors
diff --git a/profiling/energy-profiler/CMakeLists.txt b/profiling/energy-profiler/CMakeLists.txt
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9c2c52bce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/profiling/energy-profiler/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+kp_add_library(kp_energy_profiler
+    kp_energy_profiler.cpp
+    timing_utils.cpp
+    timing_export.cpp
+)
diff --git a/profiling/energy-profiler/kp_energy_profiler.cpp b/profiling/energy-profiler/kp_energy_profiler.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..f1ef6f667
--- /dev/null
+++ b/profiling/energy-profiler/kp_energy_profiler.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,292 @@
+//@HEADER
+// ************************************************************************
+//
+//                        Kokkos v. 4.0
+//       Copyright (2022) National Technology & Engineering
+//               Solutions of Sandia, LLC (NTESS).
+//
+// Under the terms of Contract DE-NA0003525 with NTESS,
+// the U.S. Government retains certain rights in this software.
+//
+// Part of Kokkos, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://kokkos.org/LICENSE for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//@HEADER
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <mutex>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "kp_core.hpp"
+#include "timing_utils.hpp"
+#include "timing_export.hpp"
+
+namespace KokkosTools {
+namespace EnergyProfiler {
+
+// Helper function to generate new region ID
+uint64_t generate_new_region_id() {
+  auto& state = EnergyProfilerState::get_instance();
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(state.get_mutex());
+  uint64_t current_id = state.get_next_region_id();
+  state.increment_next_region_id();
+  return current_id;
+}
+
+// Helper function for verbose logging
+void log_verbose(const std::string& message) {
+  if (EnergyProfilerState::get_instance().get_verbose_enabled()) {
+    std::cout << message << std::endl;
+  }
+}
+
+// Start a region
+void start_region(const std::string& name, RegionType type, uint64_t id) {
+  TimingInfo region;
+  region.name = name;
+  region.type = type;
+  region.id   = id;
+  auto& state = EnergyProfilerState::get_instance();
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(state.get_mutex());
+  state.get_active_regions().push_back(region);
+  state.get_active_regions().back().start_time =
+      std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
+}
+
+// End last region of given type
+void end_region_by_type(RegionType type_to_end) {
+  auto end_time = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
+  auto& state   = EnergyProfilerState::get_instance();
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(state.get_mutex());
+  auto& active_regions = state.get_active_regions();
+  if (active_regions.empty()) return;
+  auto it = std::find_if(active_regions.rbegin(), active_regions.rend(),
+                         [type_to_end](const TimingInfo& region) {
+                           return region.type == type_to_end;
+                         });
+  if (it != active_regions.rend()) {
+    auto region = *it;
+    active_regions.erase(std::next(it).base());
+    region.end_time = end_time;
+    state.get_completed_timings().push_back(region);
+  }
+}
+
+// End region by id
+void end_region_with_id(uint64_t expected_id) {
+  auto end_time = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
+  auto& state   = EnergyProfilerState::get_instance();
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(state.get_mutex());
+  auto& active_regions = state.get_active_regions();
+  auto it = std::find_if(active_regions.begin(), active_regions.end(),
+                         [expected_id](const TimingInfo& region) {
+                           return region.id == expected_id;
+                         });
+  if (it != active_regions.end()) {
+    auto region     = *it;
+    region.end_time = end_time;
+    active_regions.erase(it);
+    state.get_completed_timings().push_back(region);
+  } else {
+    std::cerr << "Warning: No active region found with ID " << expected_id
+              << "\n";
+  }
+}
+
+// Get all completed timings
+std::vector<TimingInfo> get_all_timings() {
+  auto& state = EnergyProfilerState::get_instance();
+  std::lock_guard<std::mutex> lock(state.get_mutex());
+  std::vector<TimingInfo> all_timings = state.get_completed_timings();
+  std::sort(all_timings.begin(), all_timings.end(),
+            [](const TimingInfo& a, const TimingInfo& b) {
+              return a.start_time < b.start_time;
+            });
+  return all_timings;
+}
+
+}  // namespace EnergyProfiler
+}  // namespace KokkosTools
+
+extern "C" {
+
+// Tool settings
+void kokkosp_request_tool_settings(const uint32_t,
+                                   Kokkos_Tools_ToolSettings* settings) {
+  settings->requires_global_fencing = false;
+  settings->padding[0]              = 0;
+}
+
+// Library init
+void kokkosp_init_library(const int loadSeq, const uint64_t interfaceVer,
+                          const uint32_t devInfoCount,
+                          Kokkos_Profiling_KokkosPDeviceInfo* deviceInfo) {
+  (void)devInfoCount;
+  (void)deviceInfo;
+  const char* verbose_env = std::getenv("KOKKOS_TOOLS_ENERGY_VERBOSE");
+  if (verbose_env &&
+      (std::string(verbose_env) == "1" || std::string(verbose_env) == "ON")) {
+    KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::EnergyProfilerState::get_instance()
+        .set_verbose_enabled(true);
+  }
+  std::cout << "Kokkos Energy Profiler: Initializing with load sequence "
+            << loadSeq << " and interface version " << interfaceVer
+            << std::endl;
+  std::cout << "Kokkos Energy Profiler: Library initialized" << std::endl;
+}
+
+// Library finalize
+void kokkosp_finalize_library() {
+  std::cout << "Kokkos Energy Profiler: Finalizing library" << std::endl;
+  std::string prefix = KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::generate_prefix();
+  auto all_timings   = KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::get_all_timings();
+  KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::print_all_timings_summary(
+      std::cout, all_timings.begin(), all_timings.end());
+  KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::export_all_timings_csv(
+      all_timings, prefix + "_timing_data.csv");
+  std::cout << "Kokkos Energy Profiler: Library finalized" << std::endl;
+}
+
+// Begin parallel_for
+void kokkosp_begin_parallel_for(const char* name, const uint32_t devID,
+                                uint64_t* kID) {
+  if (!name || !kID) {
+    std::cerr << "Error: Invalid parameters in kokkosp_begin_parallel_for\n";
+    return;
+  }
+  (void)devID;
+  uint64_t new_id = KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::generate_new_region_id();
+  *kID            = new_id;
+  KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::start_region(
+      name, KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::RegionType::ParallelFor, *kID);
+  KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::log_verbose(
+      std::string("Kokkos Energy Profiler: Started parallel_for '") + name +
+      "' on device " + std::to_string(devID) + " with ID " +
+      std::to_string(*kID));
+}
+
+// End parallel_for
+void kokkosp_end_parallel_for(const uint64_t kID) {
+  if (kID == 0) {
+    std::cerr << "Error: Invalid kernel ID in kokkosp_end_parallel_for\n";
+    return;
+  }
+  KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::end_region_with_id(kID);
+  KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::log_verbose(
+      std::string("Kokkos Energy Profiler: Ended parallel_for with ID ") +
+      std::to_string(kID));
+}
+
+// Begin parallel_scan
+void kokkosp_begin_parallel_scan(const char* name, const uint32_t devID,
+                                 uint64_t* kID) {
+  if (!name || !kID) {
+    std::cerr << "Error: Invalid parameters in kokkosp_begin_parallel_scan\n";
+    return;
+  }
+  (void)devID;
+  uint64_t new_id = KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::generate_new_region_id();
+  *kID            = new_id;
+  KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::start_region(
+      name, KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::RegionType::ParallelScan, *kID);
+  KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::log_verbose(
+      std::string("Kokkos Energy Profiler: Started parallel_scan '") + name +
+      "' on device " + std::to_string(devID) + " with ID " +
+      std::to_string(*kID));
+}
+
+// End parallel_scan
+void kokkosp_end_parallel_scan(const uint64_t kID) {
+  if (kID == 0) {
+    std::cerr << "Error: Invalid kernel ID in kokkosp_end_parallel_scan\n";
+    return;
+  }
+  KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::end_region_with_id(kID);
+  KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::log_verbose(
+      std::string("Kokkos Energy Profiler: Ended parallel_scan with ID ") +
+      std::to_string(kID));
+}
+
+// Begin parallel_reduce
+void kokkosp_begin_parallel_reduce(const char* name, const uint32_t devID,
+                                   uint64_t* kID) {
+  if (!name || !kID) {
+    std::cerr << "Error: Invalid parameters in kokkosp_begin_parallel_reduce\n";
+    return;
+  }
+  (void)devID;
+  uint64_t new_id = KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::generate_new_region_id();
+  *kID            = new_id;
+  KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::start_region(
+      name, KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::RegionType::ParallelReduce, *kID);
+  KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::log_verbose(
+      std::string("Kokkos Energy Profiler: Started parallel_reduce '") + name +
+      "' on device " + std::to_string(devID) + " with ID " +
+      std::to_string(*kID));
+}
+
+// End parallel_reduce
+void kokkosp_end_parallel_reduce(const uint64_t kID) {
+  if (kID == 0) {
+    std::cerr << "Error: Invalid kernel ID in kokkosp_end_parallel_reduce\n";
+    return;
+  }
+  KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::end_region_with_id(kID);
+  KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::log_verbose(
+      std::string("Kokkos Energy Profiler: Ended parallel_reduce with ID ") +
+      std::to_string(kID));
+}
+
+// Push user region
+void kokkosp_push_profile_region(char const* regionName) {
+  if (!regionName) {
+    std::cerr << "Error: Invalid region name in kokkosp_push_profile_region\n";
+    return;
+  }
+  uint64_t new_id = KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::generate_new_region_id();
+  KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::start_region(
+      regionName, KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::RegionType::UserRegion, new_id);
+  KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::log_verbose(
+      std::string("Kokkos Energy Profiler: Pushed profile region '") +
+      regionName + "'");
+}
+
+// Pop user region
+void kokkosp_pop_profile_region() {
+  KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::end_region_by_type(
+      KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::RegionType::UserRegion);
+  KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::log_verbose(
+      "Kokkos Energy Profiler: Popped profile region");
+}
+
+// Begin deep copy
+void kokkosp_begin_deep_copy(Kokkos::Tools::SpaceHandle, const char* dst_name,
+                             const void*, Kokkos::Tools::SpaceHandle,
+                             const char* src_name, const void*, uint64_t size) {
+  if (!dst_name || !src_name) {
+    std::cerr << "Error: Invalid names in kokkosp_begin_deep_copy\n";
+    return;
+  }
+  uint64_t new_id  = KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::generate_new_region_id();
+  std::string name = std::string(src_name) + " -> " + std::string(dst_name);
+  KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::start_region(
+      name, KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::RegionType::DeepCopy, new_id);
+  KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::log_verbose(
+      std::string("Kokkos Energy Profiler: Started deep copy from '") +
+      src_name + "' to '" + dst_name + "' (size: " + std::to_string(size) +
+      " bytes)");
+}
+
+// End deep copy
+void kokkosp_end_deep_copy() {
+  KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::end_region_by_type(
+      KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::RegionType::DeepCopy);
+  KokkosTools::EnergyProfiler::log_verbose(
+      "Kokkos Energy Profiler: Ended deep copy");
+}
+
+}  // extern "C"
diff --git a/profiling/energy-profiler/timing_export.cpp b/profiling/energy-profiler/timing_export.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9e66a3da3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/profiling/energy-profiler/timing_export.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+//@HEADER
+// ************************************************************************
+//
+//                        Kokkos v. 4.0
+//       Copyright (2022) National Technology & Engineering
+//               Solutions of Sandia, LLC (NTESS).
+//
+// Under the terms of Contract DE-NA0003525 with NTESS,
+// the U.S. Government retains certain rights in this software.
+//
+// Part of Kokkos, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://kokkos.org/LICENSE for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//@HEADER
+
+#include "timing_export.hpp"
+#include <fstream>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <iomanip>
+
+namespace KokkosTools {
+namespace EnergyProfiler {
+
+// Constants for table formatting
+const int COLUMN_WIDTH_CATEGORY = 10;
+const int COLUMN_WIDTH_NAME     = 32;
+const int COLUMN_WIDTH_TYPE     = 14;
+const int COLUMN_WIDTH_TIME     = 17;
+const int COLUMN_WIDTH_DURATION = 13;
+
+void export_all_timings_csv(const std::vector<TimingInfo>& all_timings,
+                            const std::string& filename) {
+  std::ofstream file(filename);
+  if (!file.is_open()) {
+    std::cerr << "ERROR: Unable to open file " << filename << " for writing.\n";
+    return;
+  }
+  file << "name,type,start_time_epoch_ms,end_time_epoch_ms,duration_ms\n";
+  for (const auto& timing : all_timings) {
+    auto start_ms        = get_epoch_ms(timing.start_time);
+    auto end_ms          = get_epoch_ms(timing.end_time);
+    auto duration_ms     = get_duration_ms(timing.start_time, timing.end_time);
+    std::string type_str = region_type_to_string(timing.type);
+    file << timing.name << "," << type_str << "," << start_ms << "," << end_ms
+         << "," << duration_ms << "\n";
+  }
+  std::cout << "All timing data exported to " << filename << '\n';
+}
+
+std::string get_category_from_type(RegionType type) {
+  switch (type) {
+    case RegionType::UserRegion: return "REGION";
+    case RegionType::DeepCopy: return "DEEPCOPY";
+    case RegionType::ParallelFor:
+    case RegionType::ParallelScan:
+    case RegionType::ParallelReduce: return "KERNEL";
+    default: return "OTHER";
+  }
+}
+
+void print_all_timings_summary(std::ostream& os,
+                               std::vector<TimingInfo>::const_iterator begin,
+                               std::vector<TimingInfo>::const_iterator end) {
+  os << "\n==== TIMING SUMMARY ====\n";
+  os << "| Category   | Name                             | Type         "
+        "  | Start (ms)        | End (ms)          | Duration (ms) |\n";
+  os << "|------------|----------------------------------|--------------"
+        "--|-------------------|-------------------|---------------|\n";
+  for (auto it = begin; it != end; ++it) {
+    const auto& timing_info = *it;
+    auto start_ms           = get_epoch_ms(timing_info.start_time);
+    auto end_ms             = get_epoch_ms(timing_info.end_time);
+    auto duration_ms =
+        get_duration_ms(timing_info.start_time, timing_info.end_time);
+    std::string type_str = region_type_to_string(timing_info.type);
+    std::string category = get_category_from_type(timing_info.type);
+    os << "| " << std::setw(COLUMN_WIDTH_CATEGORY) << std::left << category
+       << " | " << std::setw(COLUMN_WIDTH_NAME) << std::left << timing_info.name
+       << " | " << std::setw(COLUMN_WIDTH_TYPE) << std::left << type_str
+       << " | " << std::setw(COLUMN_WIDTH_TIME) << std::right << start_ms
+       << " | " << std::setw(COLUMN_WIDTH_TIME) << std::right << end_ms << " | "
+       << std::setw(COLUMN_WIDTH_DURATION) << std::right << duration_ms
+       << " |\n";
+  }
+}
+
+}  // namespace EnergyProfiler
+}  // namespace KokkosTools
diff --git a/profiling/energy-profiler/timing_export.hpp b/profiling/energy-profiler/timing_export.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..632d3114b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/profiling/energy-profiler/timing_export.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+//@HEADER
+// ************************************************************************
+//
+//                        Kokkos v. 4.0
+//       Copyright (2022) National Technology & Engineering
+//               Solutions of Sandia, LLC (NTESS).
+//
+// Under the terms of Contract DE-NA0003525 with NTESS,
+// the U.S. Government retains certain rights in this software.
+//
+// Part of Kokkos, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://kokkos.org/LICENSE for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//@HEADER
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include "timing_utils.hpp"
+
+namespace KokkosTools {
+namespace EnergyProfiler {
+
+void export_all_timings_csv(const std::vector<TimingInfo>& all_timings,
+                            const std::string& filename);
+void print_all_timings_summary(std::ostream& os,
+                               std::vector<TimingInfo>::const_iterator begin,
+                               std::vector<TimingInfo>::const_iterator end);
+
+}  // namespace EnergyProfiler
+}  // namespace KokkosTools
diff --git a/profiling/energy-profiler/timing_utils.cpp b/profiling/energy-profiler/timing_utils.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..9116d0eda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/profiling/energy-profiler/timing_utils.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+//@HEADER
+// ************************************************************************
+//
+//                        Kokkos v. 4.0
+//       Copyright (2022) National Technology & Engineering
+//               Solutions of Sandia, LLC (NTESS).
+//
+// Under the terms of Contract DE-NA0003525 with NTESS,
+// the U.S. Government retains certain rights in this software.
+//
+// Part of Kokkos, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://kokkos.org/LICENSE for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//@HEADER
+
+#include "timing_utils.hpp"
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <cstring>
+
+namespace KokkosTools {
+namespace EnergyProfiler {
+
+std::string generate_prefix() {
+  char hostname[HOSTNAME_BUFFER_SIZE];
+  if (gethostname(hostname, sizeof(hostname)) != 0) {
+    // Fallback to "unknown" if hostname fails
+    std::strncpy(hostname, "unknown", sizeof(hostname));
+  }
+  int pid = (int)getpid();
+  return std::string(hostname) + "-" + std::to_string(pid);
+}
+
+std::string region_type_to_string(RegionType type) {
+  switch (type) {
+    case RegionType::ParallelFor: return "parallel_for";
+    case RegionType::ParallelScan: return "parallel_scan";
+    case RegionType::ParallelReduce: return "parallel_reduce";
+    case RegionType::DeepCopy: return "deep_copy";
+    case RegionType::UserRegion: return "user_region";
+    default: return "unknown";
+  }
+}
+
+}  // namespace EnergyProfiler
+}  // namespace KokkosTools
diff --git a/profiling/energy-profiler/timing_utils.hpp b/profiling/energy-profiler/timing_utils.hpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0d51d29f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/profiling/energy-profiler/timing_utils.hpp
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+//@HEADER
+// ************************************************************************
+//
+//                        Kokkos v. 4.0
+//       Copyright (2022) National Technology & Engineering
+//               Solutions of Sandia, LLC (NTESS).
+//
+// Under the terms of Contract DE-NA0003525 with NTESS,
+// the U.S. Government retains certain rights in this software.
+//
+// Part of Kokkos, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
+// See https://kokkos.org/LICENSE for license information.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
+//
+//@HEADER
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <string>
+#include <chrono>
+#include <vector>
+#include <mutex>
+
+namespace KokkosTools {
+namespace EnergyProfiler {
+
+// Constants
+/// @brief Buffer size for hostname
+const size_t HOSTNAME_BUFFER_SIZE = 256;
+
+// Helper functions for region type conversion
+/// @brief Enumeration of region types
+enum class RegionType {
+  Unknown,
+  ParallelFor,
+  ParallelReduce,
+  ParallelScan,
+  DeepCopy,
+  UserRegion
+};
+
+/// @brief Structure to hold timing information
+struct TimingInfo {
+  std::string name;
+  RegionType type;
+  std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::time_point start_time;
+  std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::time_point end_time;
+  uint64_t id = 0;
+};
+
+// Singleton class to manage global state
+/// @brief Singleton class for managing profiler state
+class EnergyProfilerState {
+ public:
+  static EnergyProfilerState& get_instance() {
+    static EnergyProfilerState instance;
+    return instance;
+  }
+
+  // Delete copy and move operations
+  EnergyProfilerState(const EnergyProfilerState&) = delete;
+  EnergyProfilerState& operator=(const EnergyProfilerState&) = delete;
+  EnergyProfilerState(EnergyProfilerState&&)                 = delete;
+  EnergyProfilerState& operator=(EnergyProfilerState&&) = delete;
+
+  // Accessors for state
+  std::mutex& get_mutex() { return mutex_; }
+  std::vector<TimingInfo>& get_active_regions() { return active_regions_; }
+  std::vector<TimingInfo>& get_completed_timings() {
+    return completed_timings_;
+  }
+  uint64_t get_next_region_id() const { return next_region_id_; }
+  bool get_verbose_enabled() const { return verbose_enabled_; }
+
+  // Safe setters
+  void increment_next_region_id() { next_region_id_++; }
+  void set_verbose_enabled(bool enabled) { verbose_enabled_ = enabled; }
+
+ private:
+  EnergyProfilerState() : next_region_id_(1), verbose_enabled_(false) {}
+
+  std::mutex mutex_;
+  std::vector<TimingInfo> active_regions_;
+  std::vector<TimingInfo> completed_timings_;
+  uint64_t next_region_id_;
+  bool verbose_enabled_;
+};
+
+// Internal functions for region management
+void start_region(const std::string& name, RegionType type, uint64_t id);
+void end_region_by_type(RegionType type_to_end);
+void end_region_with_id(uint64_t expected_id);
+uint64_t generate_new_region_id();
+bool is_verbose_enabled();
+void set_verbose_enabled(bool enabled);
+void log_verbose(const std::string& message);
+std::vector<TimingInfo> get_all_timings();
+
+// Filename prefix generation
+/// @brief Generate a prefix for output files based on hostname and PID
+std::string generate_prefix();
+
+/// @brief Convert RegionType to string
+std::string region_type_to_string(RegionType type);
+
+// Helper functions for timing calculations
+/// @brief Get epoch milliseconds from time point
+template <typename TimePoint>
+long get_epoch_ms(const TimePoint& time_point) {
+  return std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(
+             time_point.time_since_epoch())
+      .count();
+}
+
+/// @brief Get duration in milliseconds between two time points
+template <typename TimePoint>
+long get_duration_ms(const TimePoint& start_time, const TimePoint& end_time) {
+  auto duration = end_time - start_time;
+  return std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(duration)
+      .count();
+}
+
+}  // namespace EnergyProfiler
+}  // namespace KokkosTools