finish installation.md translation

Author: lifesign

installation.md

@@ -1,20 +1,20 @@
-# Installation
+# 安装
 
-- [Installation](#installation)
-- [Configuration](#configuration)
-    - [Basic Configuration](#basic-configuration)
-    - [Environment Configuration](#environment-configuration)
-    - [Configuration Caching](#configuration-caching)
-    - [Accessing Configuration Values](#accessing-configuration-values)
-    - [Naming Your Application](#naming-your-application)
-- [Maintenance Mode](#maintenance-mode)
+- [安装](#installation)
+- [配置](#configuration)
+    - [基本配置](#basic-configuration)
+    - [环境配置](#environment-configuration)
+    - [配置缓存](#configuration-caching)
+    - [获取配置项](#accessing-configuration-values)
+    - [应用程序命名](#naming-your-application)
+- [维护模式](#maintenance-mode)
 
 <a name="installation"></a>
-## Installation
+## 安装
 
-### Server Requirements
+### 服务器要求
 
-The Laravel framework has a few system requirements. Of course, all of these requirements are satisfied by the [Laravel Homestead](/docs/{{version}}/homestead) virtual machine:
+Laravel 框架对系统有一些要求. 当然, 如果使用 [Laravel Homestead](/docs/{{version}}/homestead) 虚拟机已经满足这些要求。
 
 <div class="content-list" markdown="1">
 - PHP >= 5.5.9
@@ -25,64 +25,64 @@ The Laravel framework has a few system requirements. Of course, all of these req
 </div>
 
 <a name="install-laravel"></a>
-### Installing Laravel
+### 安装 Laravel
 
-Laravel utilizes [Composer](http://getcomposer.org) to manage its dependencies. So, before using Laravel, make sure you have Composer installed on your machine.
+Laravel 使用 [Composer](http://getcomposer.org/) 来管理依赖关系。因此，在使用 Laravel 前，请确认 Composer 已安装在你的计算机上。
 
-#### Via Laravel Installer
+#### 通过 Laravel 安装程序
 
-First, download the Laravel installer using Composer:
+首先, 通过 Composer 下载 Laravel 安装程序:
 
     composer global require "laravel/installer=~1.1"
 
-Make sure to place the `~/.composer/vendor/bin` directory in your PATH so the `laravel` executable can be located by your system.
+请确保 `~/.composer/vendor/bin` 目录在你的 `PATH` 中。这样，Laravel 可执行文件才会被系统定位并执行。
 
-Once installed, the simple `laravel new` command will create a fresh Laravel installation in the directory you specify. For instance, `laravel new blog` will create a directory named `blog` containing a fresh Laravel installation with all of Laravel's dependencies already installed. This method of installation is much faster than installing via Composer:
+一但安装后, 你可以使用一个简单的命令 `laravel new` 来创建一个全新的 Laravel 在你指定的目录中。例如，`laravel new blog` 将创建一个名为 `blog` 的目录，并在该目录中创建一个全新安装的 Laravel，并且，所有 Laravel 的依赖已被安装。这个方法比通过 Composer 安装更快:
 
     laravel new blog
 
-#### Via Composer Create-Project
+#### 通过 Composer 创建项目
 
-You may also install Laravel by issuing the Composer `create-project` command in your terminal:
+你也可以通过 Composer 的 `create-project` 命令来安装 Laravel:
 
     composer create-project laravel/laravel --prefer-dist
 
 <a name="configuration"></a>
-## Configuration
+## 配置
 
 <a name="basic-configuration"></a>
-### Basic Configuration
+### 基本配置
 
-All of the configuration files for the Laravel framework are stored in the `config` directory. Each option is documented, so feel free to look through the files and get familiar with the options available to you.
+所有配置文件都储存在 Laravel 框架的 `config` 目录中。每个选项都有注释，因此你可以轻松的阅读并且熟悉这些配置项。
 
-#### Directory Permissions
+#### 目录权限
 
-After installing Laravel, you may need to configure some permissions. Directories within the `storage` and the `bootstrap/cache` directories should be writable by your web server. If you are using the [Homestead](/docs/{{version}}/homestead) virtual machine, these permissions should already be set.
+安装 Laravle 后，你可能需要配置一些权限。目录内的 `storage` 和 `bootstrap/cache` 目录在你的 Web 服务器中应有写权限。如果你使用 [Homestead](/docs/{{version}}/homestead) 虚拟机，那么相关的权限已配置好。
 
-#### Application Key
+#### 应用密钥
 
-The next thing you should do after installing Laravel is set your application key to a random string. If you installed Laravel via Composer or the Laravel installer, this key has already been set for you by the `key:generate` command. Typically, this string should be 32 characters long. The key can be set in the `.env` environment file. If you have not renamed the `.env.example` file to `.env`, you should do that now. **If the application key is not set, your user sessions and other encrypted data will not be secure!**
+安装完 Laravel 后，你应该设置一个随机字符串作为应用密钥。如果你是通过 Composer 或 Laravel 安装程序进行安装的，这个密钥已通过 `key:generate` 命令被设置。通常，这个字符串长度应该为 32 位。这个密钥被设置在 `.env` 环境配置文件中。如果你还没有将 `.env.example` 重命名为 `.env`，那你现在应该去改名。**如果应用密钥没有被设置，那么你的用户 Session 与其他加密数据将不会是安全的！**
 
-#### Additional Configuration
+#### 其他配置
 
-Laravel needs almost no other configuration out of the box. You are free to get started developing! However, you may wish to review the `config/app.php` file and its documentation. It contains several options such as `timezone` and `locale` that you may wish to change according to your application.
+Laravel 安装后几乎不需要任何配置即可开始使用。你可以立即开始进行开发！然而，你不妨去查看 `config/app.php` 文件与其中的选项说明。它包含了几个选项，例如 `timezone` 和 `locale`。你可以根据你自己的需求来更改它们。
 
-You may also want to configure a few additional components of Laravel, such as:
+你也可能希望更改一些其他 Laravel 组件的配置，例如:
 
 - [Cache](/docs/{{version}}/cache#configuration)
 - [Database](/docs/{{version}}/database#configuration)
 - [Session](/docs/{{version}}/session#configuration)
 
-Once Laravel is installed, you should also [configure your local environment](/docs/{{version}}/installation#environment-configuration).
+一旦 Laravel 被安装，你同样应该配置你的 [环境配置](/docs/{{version}}/installation#environment-configuration)
 
 <a name="pretty-urls"></a>
-#### Pretty URLs
+#### 优雅链接
 
 **Apache**
 
-The framework ships with a `public/.htaccess` file that is used to allow URLs without `index.php`. If you use Apache to serve your Laravel application, be sure to enable the `mod_rewrite` module.
+框架自带了 `public/.htaccess` 文件，它将允许 URLs 中省略 `index.php`。如果你的 Laravel 应用运行在 Apache 上，请确认启用了 `mod_rewrite` 模块。
 
-If the `.htaccess` file that ships with Laravel does not work with your Apache installation, try this one:
+如果这个 `.htaccess` 不起作用，你可以尝试如下:
 
     Options +FollowSymLinks
     RewriteEngine On
@@ -93,34 +93,34 @@ If the `.htaccess` file that ships with Laravel does not work with your Apache i
 
 **Nginx**
 
-On Nginx, the following directive in your site configuration will allow "pretty" URLs:
+在 Nginx 中，以下配置将允许你使用优雅链接：
 
     location / {
         try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$query_string;
     }
 
-Of course, when using [Homestead](/docs/{{version}}/homestead), pretty URLs will be configured automatically.
+当然，在使用 [Homestead](/docs/{{version}}/homestead) 时，优雅链接已被自动配置好。
 
 <a name="environment-configuration"></a>
-### Environment Configuration
+### 环境配置
 
-It is often helpful to have different configuration values based on the environment the application is running in. For example, you may wish to use a different cache driver locally than you do on your production server. It's easy using environment based configuration.
+通常应用程序需要根据不同的执行环境有不同的配置选项。例如，你可能希望在你的本机开发环境上与生产服务器环境有不同的缓存驱动，通过环境配置文件，就可以轻松完成。
 
-To make this a cinch, Laravel utilizes the [DotEnv](https://github.com/vlucas/phpdotenv) PHP library by Vance Lucas. In a fresh Laravel installation, the root directory of your application will contain a `.env.example` file. If you install Laravel via Composer, this file will automatically be renamed to `.env`. Otherwise, you should rename the file manually.
+为了使它更轻松，Laravel 使用了 Vance Lucas 写的 [DotEnv](https://github.com/vlucas/phpdotenv) 类库。在全新安装的 Laravel 中，你应用的根目录下会有一个 `.env.example` 文件，如果你是通过 Composer 安装的 Laravel，这个文件已被自动重命名为 `.env`。如果没有，你应该手动重命名。
 
-All of the variables listed in this file will be loaded into the `$_ENV` PHP super-global when your application receives a request. You may use the `env` helper to retrieve values from these variables. In fact, if you review the Laravel configuration files, you will notice several of the options already using this helper!
+当你的应用程序收到请求，这个文件的所有变量将会被加载到 `$_ENV` PHP 超全局变量中。你可以使用 `env` 辅助函数来取出变量的值。事实上，如果你查看 Laravel 配置的文件，你会发现有几个选项已经使用这个辅助方法了！
 
-Feel free to modify your environment variables as needed for your own local server, as well as your production environment. However, your `.env` file should not be committed to your application's source control, since each developer / server using your application could require a different environment configuration.
+根据你自己的本地服务器或线上环境需求，你可以轻松地修改你的环境配置，然而，你的 `.env` 文件不应该被提交到应用程序代码的版本控制中，因为每个开发者 / 服务器使用你的应用程序可能需要不同的环境配置。
 
-If you are developing with a team, you may wish to continue including a `.env.example` file with your application. By putting place-holder values in the example configuration file, other developers on your team can clearly see which environment variables are needed to run your application.
+如果你是一个团队的开发者，不妨将 `.env.example` 文件包含到你的应用。通过在配置文件中预留值，团队中的其他开发人员可以很清楚地看到执行你的应用程序所需的环境变量配置。
 
-#### Accessing The Current Application Environment
+#### 获取当前应用环境
 
-The current application environment is determined via the `APP_ENV` variable from your `.env` file. You may access this value via the `environment` method on the `App` [facade](/docs/{{version}}/facades):
+当前应用环境是通过 `.env` 文件中的 `APP_ENV` 变量决定的。如果你需要访问当前应用环境，可以通过 `App` [facade](/docs/{{version}}/facades):
 
     $environment = App::environment();
 
-You may also pass arguments to the `environment` method to check if the environment matches a given value. You may even pass multiple values if necessary:
+你也可以传递参数给 `environment` 来确认当前环境是否符合一个指定的值，你也可以传递多个值:
 
     if (App::environment('local')) {
         // The environment is local
@@ -130,56 +130,56 @@ You may also pass arguments to the `environment` method to check if the environm
         // The environment is either local OR staging...
     }
 
-An application instance may also be accessed via the `app` helper method:
+一个应用实例也可以被通过 `app` 辅助函数访问到:
 
     $environment = app()->environment();
 
 <a name="configuration-caching"></a>
-### Configuration Caching
+### 配置缓存
 
-To give your application a speed boost, you should cache all of your configuration files into a single file using the `config:cache` Artisan command. This will combine all of the configuration options for your application into a single file which can be loaded quickly by the framework.
+为了提升你的应用速度，你应该使用 `config:cache` Artisan 命令缓存你所有的配置文件到一个单一文件中。这将合并你应用中的所有配置选项到单一文件中，以便被框架更快的加载。
 
-You should typically run the `php artisan config:cache` command as part of your production deployment routine. The command should not be run during local development as configuration options will frequently need to be changed during the course of your application's development.
+通常你应该将 `config:cache` 命令作为应用部署时的一个步骤。这个命令在开发环境下不推荐使用，因为在开发流程中配置项会经常的变更。
 
 <a name="accessing-configuration-values"></a>
-### Accessing Configuration Values
+### 获取配置项
 
-You may easily access your configuration values using the global `config` helper function. The configuration values may be accessed using "dot" syntax, which includes the name of the file and option you wish to access. A default value may also be specified and will be returned if the configuration option does not exist:
+你可以使用 `config` 全局辅助函数很容易地访问你的配置项。这个配置的值可以使用 "点" 语法来访问，其中包括你要访问的配置名，与该配置项所在的文件名。如果配置项不存在，你也可以指定一个默认值来返回:
 
     $value = config('app.timezone');
 
-To set configuration values at runtime, pass an array to the `config` helper:
+要在程序运行时设置一个配置项，需传递一个数组到 `config` 辅助函数:
 
     config(['app.timezone' => 'America/Chicago']);
 
 <a name="naming-your-application"></a>
-### Naming Your Application
+### 应用程序命名
 
-After installing Laravel, you may wish to "name" your application. By default, the `app` directory is namespaced under `App`, and autoloaded by Composer using the [PSR-4 autoloading standard](http://www.php-fig.org/psr/psr-4/). However, you may change the namespace to match the name of your application, which you can easily do via the `app:name` Artisan command.
+在安装 Laravel 后，你可能希望重命名你的应用。默认情况下，`app` 目录下的命名空间为 `App`，且 Compsoer 已经使用 [PSR-4 自动载入标准](http://www.php-fig.org/psr/psr-4/) 来自动加载。然而，你可能会希望将命名空间改成与你应用程序相匹配的名字。你可以很容易地通过 `app:name` Artisan 命令来更改。
 
-For example, if your application is named "Horsefly", you could run the following command from the root of your installation:
+例如，如果你的应用被命名为 "Horsefly"，你可以在框架根目录下执行以下命令:
 
     php artisan app:name Horsefly
 
-Renaming your application is entirely optional, and you are free to keep the `App` namespace if you wish.
+重命名你的应用不是必须的。你完全可以保留默认的命名空间 `App`。
 
 <a name="maintenance-mode"></a>
-## Maintenance Mode
+## 维护模式
 
-When your application is in maintenance mode, a custom view will be displayed for all requests into your application. This makes it easy to "disable" your application while it is updating or when you are performing maintenance. A maintenance mode check is included in the default middleware stack for your application. If the application is in maintenance mode, an `HttpException` will be thrown with a status code of 503.
+如果你的应用处于维护模式，当有请求传入时，将显示一个自定义的视图。当你的应用在更新或者维护时，可以方便的做到 "关闭" 站点。默认的中间件中包含了维护模式的检查。如果当前应用处于维护模式，一个 带有  503 状态码 的 `HttpException` 异常将被抛出。
 
-To enable maintenance mode, simply execute the `down` Artisan command:
+要开启维护模式，你可以简单地使用 `down` Artisan 命令:
 
     php artisan down
 
-To disable maintenance mode, use the `up` command:
+要关闭维护模式，你可以简单地使用 `up` Artisan 命令:
 
     php artisan up
 
-### Maintenance Mode Response Template
+### 维护模式响应模板
 
-The default template for maintenance mode responses is located in `resources/views/errors/503.blade.php`.
+默认的维护模式模板文件位于: `resources/views/errors/503.blade.php`
 
-### Maintenance Mode & Queues
+### 维护模式和队列
 
-While your application is in maintenance mode, no [queued jobs](/docs/{{version}}/queues) will be handled. The jobs will continue to be handled as normal once the application is out of maintenance mode.
+当你的应用处于维护模式，将不会有 [队列 Jobs](/docs/{{version}}/queues) 被处理。这些 Jobs 将在应用关闭维护模式后继续正常处理。