diff --git a/litestar/_multipart.py b/litestar/_multipart.py
index 05cd4c7281..a00fb0b07e 100644
--- a/litestar/_multipart.py
+++ b/litestar/_multipart.py
@@ -10,14 +10,14 @@
     ParserLimitReached,
     PushMultipartParser,
 )
-
+from litestar.utils.compat import async_next
 from litestar.datastructures.upload_file import UploadFile
 from litestar.exceptions import ClientException
+from litestar.status_codes import HTTP_413_REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE
+from litestar.exceptions.http_exceptions import HTTPException
 
 __all__ = ("parse_content_header", "parse_multipart_form")
 
-from litestar.utils.compat import async_next
-
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from collections.abc import AsyncGenerator
 
@@ -133,8 +133,8 @@ async def parse_multipart_form(  # noqa: C901
             await data.close()
         await _close_upload_files(fields)
 
-        # FIXME (3.0): This should raise a '413 - Request Entity Too Large', but for
-        # backwards compatibility, we keep it as a 400 for now
-        raise ClientException("Request Entity Too Large") from None
+        raise HTTPException(
+        status_code=HTTP_413_REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE,
+        detail="Multipart form size limit exceeded")
 
     return {k: v if len(v) > 1 else v[0] for k, v in fields.items()}
diff --git a/tests/unit/test_data_extractors.py b/tests/unit/test_data_extractors.py
index 99f24ba413..8aebce84a6 100644
--- a/tests/unit/test_data_extractors.py
+++ b/tests/unit/test_data_extractors.py
@@ -7,11 +7,13 @@
 from litestar import Request
 from litestar.connection.base import empty_receive
 from litestar.data_extractors import ConnectionDataExtractor, ResponseDataExtractor
-from litestar.datastructures import Cookie
+from litestar.datastructures import Cookie, UploadFile
 from litestar.enums import RequestEncodingType
 from litestar.response.base import ASGIResponse
-from litestar.status_codes import HTTP_200_OK
-from litestar.testing import RequestFactory
+from litestar.status_codes import HTTP_200_OK, HTTP_413_REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE
+from litestar.testing import RequestFactory, create_test_client
+from litestar import post
+from litestar.params import Body
 
 factory = RequestFactory()
 
@@ -125,3 +127,22 @@ async def test_skip_parse_malformed_body_false_raises(mocker: MockFixture) -> No
 
     with pytest.raises(ValueError):
         await extractor.extract(req, {"body"})
+
+async def test_multipart_exceeds_part_limit_returns_413() -> None:
+    @post("/upload")
+    async def upload_handler(
+        data: UploadFile = Body(media_type=RequestEncodingType.MULTI_PART)
+    ) -> dict:
+        return {"filename": data.filename}
+
+    with create_test_client(route_handlers=[upload_handler], multipart_form_part_limit=2) as client:
+        response = client.post(
+            "/upload",
+            files={
+                "file1": ("test1.txt", b"content1"),
+                "file2": ("test2.txt", b"content2"),
+                "data": ("test3.txt", b"content3"),
+            },
+        )
+
+    assert response.status_code == HTTP_413_REQUEST_ENTITY_TOO_LARGE