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@@ -27,21 +27,17 @@ In addition to a hosting provider, we also need to choose which "flavor" of Linu
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## But... do you have a free server I can use instead?
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Well, not quite.
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We just launched a **test base scenario** on [Killercoda](https://killercoda.com/linux-upskill-challenge) and you can run all the lessons as is (with exception of Day 12). Scenarios of individual lessons are still under development, but now you have a Ubuntu server fairly ready to go without the hassle of setting up a VM and dealing with SSH keys.
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[SadServers](https://sadservers.com) has a **beta scenario** - ["Resumable Server": Linux Upskill Challenge](https://sadservers.com/scenario/luc)
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This is a blank Debian 11 server; it's for you to do as you please. Please be mindful that it still has some limitations (there's still no outgoing Internet access) and there can be some issues. If you are somewhat familiar with Linux and prefer to work on scenarios instead of building your server, SadServers is a great place to practice your troubleshooting skills.
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There are other [options](https://www.reddit.com/r/linuxquestions/comments/1j8tltv/where_i_can_practice_linux_for_free_online/) to simply practice linux commands in an online environment, like [distrosea](https://distrosea.com/) and [vfsync](https://vfsync.org/), but some critical sysadmin privileges will be missing in these types of VM (being by emulation or system restrictions).
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[SadServers](https://sadservers.com) also has a [beta scenario](https://sadservers.com/scenario/luc) running a blank Debian 11 server with some limitations. If you are somewhat familiar with Linux and prefer to work on scenarios instead of building your server, SadServers is a great place to practice your troubleshooting skills.
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## So, how do I choose?
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**[In the Cloud (with providers like AWS, Azure and Google Cloud)](https://linuxupskillchallenge.org/00-VPS-big):**check if the big players are a good deal for you, specially if you are a student. Educational packs and the longest free-tier deals will be found in this category. It's also where most of the ["cloud horror stories"](https://www.reddit.com/r/aws/comments/1k1lkkp/cloud_billing_horror_stories/) happen. However, people forget to tell you the products and setup that blown up their invoice; *spoiler alert, it's not a single minimal server*.
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**[In a local Server or local VM](https://linuxupskillchallenge.org/00-Local-Server):**a valid pick if dealing with a cloud provider is completely out of question. WSL made it easy to a lot of people to get to know Linux for the first time and VirtualBox is well established as a virtualization software. It is the OG method to get into Linux, anyway. *At least you won't get asked to dual boot.*
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**[In the Cloud (with providers like DigitalOcean, Linode and Vultr)](https://linuxupskillchallenge.org/00-VPS-small):** less bloated and less bureaucratic than the big ones, you get a great deal of control over your server and you will be making more decisions on how your server should behave. That's the preferred choice of many people that finish the Linux Upskill Challenge.
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**[In a local Server or local VM](https://linuxupskillchallenge.org/00-Local-Server):**a valid pick if dealing with a cloud provider is completely out of question. WSL made it easy to a lot of people to get to know Linux for the first time and VirtualBox is well established as a virtualization software. It is the OG method to get into Linux, anyway. *At least you won't get asked to dual boot.*
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**[In the Cloud (with providers like AWS, Azure and Google Cloud)](https://linuxupskillchallenge.org/00-VPS-big):**check if the big players are a good deal for you, specially if you are a student. Educational packs and the longest free-tier deals will be found in this category. It's also where most of the ["cloud horror stories"](https://www.reddit.com/r/aws/comments/1k1lkkp/cloud_billing_horror_stories/) happen. However, people forget to tell you the products and setup that blown up their invoice; *spoiler alert, it's not a single minimal server*.
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Check your options, see what fits you best. Take some time to watch the [complimentary video](https://youtube.com/live/_-6UYOjRIVQ), it will answer most of your questions.
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* Connect and login to your server, preferably using a SSH client
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* Run a few simple commands to check the status of your server - like [this demo](https://asciinema.org/a/619479)
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**NEW!!** You can skip to the [basic commands](#general-information-about-the-server) section if you are using a [Killercoda scenario](https://killercoda.com/linux-upskill-challenge), as you will be working on a emulated terminal in your browser, not on a ssh client.
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## USING A SSH CLIENT
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Remote access used to be done by the simple *telnet* protocol, but now the much more secure SSH (Secure SHell) protocol is always used. **If your server is a local VM or WSL, you could skip this section by simply using the server console/terminal if you want.** We will explore SSH more in detail at the server side on [Day 3](https://linuxupskillchallenge.org/03/) but knowing how to use a [ssh client](https://www.ssh.com/academy/ssh/client) is a basic sysadmin skill, so you might as well do it now.
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For that we have `netstat -i` in a more [static view](https://www.man7.org/linux/man-pages/man8/netstat.8.html) and `ifstat` in a [continuous view](https://www.man7.org/linux/man-pages/man8/ifstat.8.html). To interrupt `ifstat` just use `CTRL+C`.
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But if you want more info on that traffic, `sudo iftop -i eth0` is a [nice display](https://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/xenial/man8/iftop.8.html). *Change `eth0` for the interface you wish to capture traffic information.* To exit the monitor view, type `q` to quit.
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But if you want more info on that traffic, `sudo iftop -i enp1s0` is a [nice display](https://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/xenial/man8/iftop.8.html). *Change `enp1s0` for the interface you wish to capture traffic information.* To exit the monitor view, type `q` to quit.
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Yes, if you’re in the target audience (see above) you definitely should. The fact that such a server is very remote, and open to attack from the whole Internet, “makes it real”. Learning how to setup such a VPS is also a handy skill for any sysadmin.
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**NEW!** Now you can skip this whole thing and just use our [Killercoda scenarios](https://killercoda.com/linux-upskill-challenge). Please note this is still in a testing phase and might present limitations.
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Instructions for setting up a suitable server with a couple of providers are in the "Day 0" lessons. By all means use a different provider, but ensure you use Ubuntu LTS (preferably the latest version) and either use public key authentication or a _Long, Strong, Unique_ password (we also have instructions on how to do that).
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Of course, you’re perfectly entitled to use a local VM, a Raspberry Pi or even just WSL instead – and all of these will work fine for the course material. Just keep in mind what you are missing.
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