sds: Implement logic for tracking received messages

[adklempner]

1. Create message acknowledgment handling:

   • Process received Bloom filter to identify acknowledged messages
   • Update status of matching messages in outgoing buffer
   • Clean up acknowledged messages from outgoing buffer
   • Track partial acknowledgments across multiple peers

2. Implement message tracking system:

   • Insert new message IDs into local Bloom filter
   • Update local Lamport timestamp based on received timestamp
   • Add message ID to local log in correct order
   • Handle duplicate message detection

3. Add causal dependency verification:

   • Check if all messages in causal history exist in local log
   • Buffer messages with missing dependencies
   • Track missing dependencies for buffered messages
   • Implement efficient lookup for dependency checking

4. Create message delivery system:

   • Process messages when dependencies are met
   • Maintain correct causal ordering
   • Handle buffered message delivery when dependencies arrive
   • Clean up delivered messages from incoming buffer

The implementation should maintain causal consistency while efficiently managing message buffers and dependencies.