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Debian Image Builder for ARM Boards

This repository provides scripts to build Debian images for various Rockchip-based ARM single-board computers (SBCs). It creates bootable images based on Debian Trixie, with support for both traditional 512-byte and 4096-byte sector sizes.

The builder consists of two stages:

  • First stage: Creates a base Debian rootfs image (base_mmc_2g.img or base_mmc_2g_4k.img).
  • Second stage: Customizes the base image for specific boards, installs board-specific u-boot, DTBs, kernels, and configurations.

Features

  • Builds minimal, clean Debian images using debootstrap.
  • Supports 512-byte and 4096-byte logical sector sizes (via SECTOR_SIZE=4096 environment variable).
  • Board-specific customization: hostname, network config, device tree, kernel selection.
  • Installs u-boot binaries from inindev/uboot-rockchip.
  • Optional inindev custom kernel for newer boards (e.g., RK3576).
  • Output images named like <board>_<codename>-<version>[_4k].img (e.g., rock-5b_trixie-13_4k.img).

Supported Boards

  • rk3308-rock-s0
  • rk3568-nanopi-r5c
  • rk3568-nanopi-r5s
  • rk3568-odroid-m1
  • rk3568-radxa-e25
  • rk3576-armsom-sige5
  • rk3576-luckfox-omni3576
  • rk3576-nanopi-m5
  • rk3588-nanopc-t6
  • rk3588s-orangepi-5
  • rk3588-orangepi-5-plus
  • rk3588-rock-5b

Requirements

  • Linux host (script requires root privileges for loop devices and mounts).
  • ARM64 architecture required for building.
  • Installed tools: debootstrap, wget, xz-utils, losetup, sfdisk, mkfs.ext4, dd, unzip, curl, etc.

Usage

  • Note: 4k sector images are for UFS media

Build Base Image (First Stage)

cd debian/
# standard 512-byte sector image (default)
sh make_debian_img.sh

# 4096-byte (4K-native) sector image
SECTOR_SIZE=4096 sh make_debian_img.sh

Outputs:

  • base_mmc_2g.img (512-byte)
  • base_mmc_2g_4k.img (4096-byte)

Build Board-Specific Images (Second Stage)

# from repository root
sh create_images.sh [path/to/base_image.img]

# example with 4K base image
sh create_images.sh debian/base_mmc_2g_4k.img

Outputs images in outbin/ directory, compressed with xz.

Clean

sh debian/make_debian_img.sh clean

Customization

  • Board-specific network configs: configs/network_<board>.cfg
  • Custom DTB overlays or functions: configs/dtb_<board>.cfg
  • Additional overlays/firmware can be added in relevant directories.

Notes

  • Images are designed for eMMC/SD card installation with 4k sector variants for UFS storage.
  • flashing (as root): xzcat image_name.xz > /dev/sdX

License

GNU General Public License v3.0 (GPL-3.0) – see LICENSE file.