task07.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""Task07_2025.ipynb

Automatically generated by Colab.

Original file is located at
    https://colab.research.google.com/drive/13zP7djRTBeG5tsTNq-mV-TGtIeDmqV7W

**Task 07: Querying RDF(s)**
"""

#!pip install rdflib
import urllib.request
url = 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FacultadInformatica-LinkedData/Curso2025-2026/refs/heads/master/Assignment4/course_materials/python/validation.py'
urllib.request.urlretrieve(url, 'validation.py')
github_storage = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/FacultadInformatica-LinkedData/Curso2025-2026/master/Assignment4/course_materials"

from validation import Report

"""First let's read the RDF file"""

from rdflib import Graph, Namespace, Literal
from rdflib.namespace import RDF, RDFS
# Do not change the name of the variables
g = Graph()
g.namespace_manager.bind('ns', Namespace("http://somewhere#"), override=False)
g.parse(github_storage+"/rdf/data06.ttl", format="TTL")
report = Report()

"""**TASK 7.1a: For all classes, list each classURI. If the class belogs to another class, then list its superclass.**
**Do the exercise in RDFLib returning a list of Tuples: (class, superclass) called "result". If a class does not have a super class, then return None as the superclass**
"""

# TO DO


# Visualize the results
result = [] #list of tuples

result = [
    (cls, sup)
    for cls in g.subjects(RDF.type, RDFS.Class)
    for sup in (list(g.objects(cls, RDFS.subClassOf)) or [None])
]
for r in result:
  print(r)

## Validation: Do not remove
report.validate_07_1a(result)

"""**TASK 7.1b: Repeat the same exercise in SPARQL, returning the variables ?c (class) and ?sc (superclass)**"""

query =  """SELECT ?c ?sc WHERE {
  ?c a rdfs:Class .
  OPTIONAL { ?c rdfs:subClassOf ?sc }
} """

for r in g.query(query):
  print(r.c, r.sc)

## Validation: Do not remove
report.validate_07_1b(query,g)

"""**TASK 7.2a: List all individuals of "Person" with RDFLib (remember the subClasses). Return the individual URIs in a list called "individuals"**

"""

ns = Namespace("http://oeg.fi.upm.es/def/people#")

# variable to return
individuals = []

def get_all_subclasses(graph, base_class):
    subclasses = {base_class}
    to_visit = [base_class]

    while to_visit:
        current = to_visit.pop()
        for subclass in graph.subjects(RDFS.subClassOf, current):
            if subclass not in subclasses:
                subclasses.add(subclass)
                to_visit.append(subclass)
    return subclasses

all_classes = get_all_subclasses(g, ns.Person)

for cls in all_classes:
    for individual in g.subjects(RDF.type, cls):
        individuals.append(individual)
# visualize results
for i in individuals:
  print(i)

# validation. Do not remove
report.validate_07_02a(individuals)

"""**TASK 7.2b: Repeat the same exercise in SPARQL, returning the individual URIs in a variable ?ind**"""

query =  """
PREFIX ns:   <http://oeg.fi.upm.es/def/people#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>

SELECT ?ind 
WHERE {
  ?c rdfs:subClassOf* ns:Person .
  ?ind a ?c .
}
"""

for r in g.query(query):
  print(r.ind)
# Visualize the results

## Validation: Do not remove
report.validate_07_02b(g, query)

"""**TASK 7.3:  List the name and type of those who know Rocky (in SPARQL only). Use name and type as variables in the query**"""

query =  """
PREFIX ns:   <http://oeg.fi.upm.es/def/people#>
PREFIX rdf:  <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>

SELECT ?name ?type WHERE {
  ?name ns:knows ns:Rocky .
  ?name rdf:type ?type .
}
"""
# TO DO
# Visualize the results
for r in g.query(query):
  print(r.name, r.type)

## Validation: Do not remove
report.validate_07_03(g, query)

"""**Task 7.4: List the name of those entities who have a colleague with a dog, or that have a collegue who has a colleague who has a dog (in SPARQL). Return the results in a variable called name**"""

query =  """
PREFIX ns: <http://oeg.fi.upm.es/def/people#>
PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>

SELECT DISTINCT ?name WHERE{
  ?p ns:ownsPet ?m .
  ?m rdf:type ns:Animal .

  {
    ?name ns:hasColleague ?p .
  }
  UNION
  {
    ?p2 ns:hasColleague ?p .
    ?name ns:hasColleague ?p2 .
  }
}
"""

for r in g.query(query):
  print(r.name)

# TO DO
# Visualize the results

## Validation: Do not remove
report.validate_07_04(g,query)
report.save_report("_Task_07")