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<title>HCI: Modeling</title>
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<section id="title-slide" class="quarto-title-block center">
<h1 class="title">HCI:<br>Modeling</h1>
<div class="quarto-title-authors">
<div class="quarto-title-author">
<div class="quarto-title-author-name">
Mick McQuaid
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p class="date">2025-02-13</p>
</section>
<section class="slide level2 center">
<div class="r-fit-text">
<p>Week FIVE</p>
</div>
</section>
<section id="today" class="title-slide slide level1 center">
<h1>Today</h1>
<ul>
<li>Q and A from last time</li>
<li>Discussion leading (Maggie)</li>
<li>Design Critique (Belle)</li>
<li>Article Presentation (Pin Yin)</li>
<li>Break</li>
<li>Modeling</li>
<li>Readings</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section>
<section id="design-for-a-better-world-iv-humanity-centered" class="title-slide slide level1 center">
<h1>Design for a better world, IV Humanity-Centered</h1>
<p><span class="math inline">\(\langle\)</span> pause for short discussion <span class="math inline">\(\rangle\)</span></p>
</section>
<section id="human-centered-design-principles" class="slide level2 center">
<h2>Human-Centered Design Principles</h2>
<ol type="1">
<li>Solve the core, root issues, not just the problem as presented (which is often the symptom, not the cause).</li>
<li>Focus on the people.</li>
<li>Take a systems point of view, realizing that most complications result from the interdependencies of the multiple parts.</li>
<li>Continually test and refine the proposed designs to ensure they truly meet the concerns of the people for whom they are intended.</li>
</ol>
</section>
<section id="humanity-centered-design-principles-1-of-2" class="slide level2 center">
<h2>Humanity-Centered Design Principles, 1 of 2</h2>
<ol type="1">
<li>Solve the core, root issues, not just the problem as presented (which is often the symptom, not the cause).</li>
<li>Focus on the entire ecosystem of people, all living things, and the physical environment.</li>
<li>Take a long-term, systems point of view, realizing that most complications result from the interdependencies of the multiple parts and that many of the most damaging impacts on society and the ecosystem reveal themselves only years or even decades later.</li>
</ol>
</section>
<section id="humanity-centered-design-principles-2-of-2" class="slide level2 center">
<h2>Humanity-Centered Design Principles, 2 of 2</h2>
<ol start="4" type="1">
<li>Continually test and refine the proposed designs to ensure they truly meet the concerns of the people and ecosystem for whom they are intended.</li>
<li>Design with the community and as much as possible support designs by the community. Professional designers should serve as enablers, facilitators, and resources, aiding community members to meet their concerns.</li>
</ol>
</section>
<section id="community-driven-design" class="slide level2 center">
<h2>Community-Driven Design</h2>
<ul>
<li>Designing <em>with</em> the community</li>
<li>Designing <em>for</em> the community</li>
<li>Planners vs Searchers</li>
<li>Democratizing design (makers / diy)</li>
<li>Muddling through (incrementalism)</li>
</ul>
</section></section>
<section id="discussion-leading-maggie" class="title-slide slide level1 center">
<h1>Discussion leading (Maggie)</h1>
</section>
<section>
<section id="modeling" class="title-slide slide level1 center">
<h1>Modeling</h1>
<p>What is a model?</p>
<div>
<ul>
<li class="fragment">an abstraction of reality</li>
<li class="fragment">an oversimplified view of reality</li>
<li class="fragment">omits irrelevant details</li>
<li class="fragment">the catch: hard to know what’s irrelevant beforehand</li>
</ul>
</div>
<p>(see Jacek’s slides for more detail)</p>
</section>
<section id="some-famous-models" class="slide level2 center">
<h2>Some famous models</h2>
<ul>
<li>UML (about nine main diagram types, each giving a different perspective on software development)</li>
<li>WordNet (models the English language as a network with several kinds of relationships, including component relationships and inheritance relationships)</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="kinds-of-models-of-concern-in-hci" class="slide level2 center">
<h2>Kinds of models of concern in HCI</h2>
<ul>
<li>Flow models</li>
<li>Task models</li>
<li>User models</li>
<li>Other, less prominent kinds</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="flow-models" class="slide level2 center">
<h2>Flow Models</h2>
</section>
<section id="austin-film-festival-flow" class="slide level2 center">
<h2>Austin Film Festival Flow</h2>
<img data-src="fiFlowModelAustinFilmFest.png" class="r-stretch"></section>
<section id="discover-texas-flow" class="slide level2 center">
<h2>Discover Texas Flow</h2>
<img data-src="fiFlowModelDiscoverTX.png" class="r-stretch"></section>
<section id="flow-model-used-as-critique" class="slide level2 center">
<h2>Flow model used as critique</h2>
<img data-src="fiFlowModelCritique.png" class="r-stretch"></section>
<section id="mutts-flow-model" class="slide level2 center">
<h2>MUTTS flow model</h2>
<img data-src="fiFlowModelMUTTS.png" class="r-stretch"></section>
<section id="mutts-flow-model-expanded" class="slide level2 center">
<h2>MUTTS flow model expanded</h2>
<img data-src="fiFlowModelMUTTSLarge.png" class="r-stretch"></section>
<section id="mutts-flow-model-final" class="slide level2 center">
<h2>MUTTS flow model final</h2>
<img data-src="fiFlowModelMUTTSfinal.png" class="r-stretch"></section>
<section id="physical-models" class="slide level2 center">
<h2>Physical models</h2>
</section>
<section id="mutts-physical-model" class="slide level2 center">
<h2>MUTTS physical model</h2>
<img data-src="fiPhysicalModelMUTTS.png" class="r-stretch"></section>
<section id="problems-with-flow-models" class="slide level2 center">
<h2>Problems with flow models</h2>
<ul>
<li>Informal (except UML data flow diagrams)</li>
<li>Not everyone agrees about meaning—two people could look at the same flow model and take away two different pictures</li>
<li>Consequently I prefer leveled data flow diagrams for easily understood detail (but dfds can take too much time!)</li>
</ul>
</section>
<section id="task-models" class="slide level2 center">
<h2>Task models</h2>
</section>
<section id="user-models" class="slide level2 center">
<h2>User models</h2>
</section>
<section id="persona-example" class="slide level2 center">
<h2>Persona Example</h2>
<img data-src="fiPersona.png" class="r-stretch"><aside class="notes">
<p>Personas, from <span class="citation" data-cites="Cooper2014">Cooper et al. (<a href="#/references" role="doc-biblioref" onclick="">2014</a>)</span>. Personas are waning in popularity but I still find them valuable. The two biggest objections I’ve heard to personas are (1) people use too many of them and (2) they are not real people. Of course, it makes more sense to use fewer if you use too many and it may make sense to cast real people in the role of personas. It is really easy to create personas from a contextual inquiry so it is tempting to create many of them. But creating many brings you the risk of losing focus on a narrow set of objectives that will make your application suitable for one person.</p>
<p>If you work for a large firm with established telemetry, you may know a vast amount about your individual users. It might be possible to draw as rich a picture of a real user as you can of a fictitious persona. In that case, your practice in using personas will still serve you.</p>
<p>Steve Jobs is a stellar example of a user about whom a great deal was known. Some Apple apps, such as Keynote, were created specifically for Steve Jobs to use. He can be a real person you design for, but he can just as easily be interpreted as a persona.</p>
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</section>
<section id="personas-injected-into-scenarios" class="slide level2 center">
<h2>Personas injected into scenarios</h2>
<aside class="notes">
<p>narratives illustrating an interaction, e.g., tellyhci.wordpress.com</p>
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<section id="path-from-contextual-inquiry-through-personas-to-scenarios" class="slide level2 center">
<h2>Path from contextual inquiry through personas to scenarios</h2>
<p>Once you create a persona, you can inject that persona into a scenario. You should have an idea of how that persona will behave in that scenario because of your contextual inquiry.</p>
</section>
<section id="storyboarding-is-often-used-to-represent-scenarios" class="slide level2 center">
<h2>Storyboarding is often used to represent scenarios</h2>
<img data-src="fiPickingKey.jpg" class="r-stretch"><aside class="notes">
<p>Storyboarding, from <span class="citation" data-cites="Mccloud2006">McCloud (<a href="#/references" role="doc-biblioref" onclick="">2006</a>)</span>, is one way to illustrate a scenario.</p>
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</section></section>
<section id="readings" class="title-slide slide level1 center">
<h1>Readings</h1>
<p>Readings last week include <span class="citation" data-cites="Hartson2019">Hartson and Pyla (<a href="#/references" role="doc-biblioref" onclick="">2019</a>)</span>: Ch 7, 8</p>
<p>Readings this week include <span class="citation" data-cites="Hartson2019">Hartson and Pyla (<a href="#/references" role="doc-biblioref" onclick="">2019</a>)</span>: Ch 9, 10</p>
</section>
<section id="assignments" class="title-slide slide level1 center">
<h1>Assignments</h1>
<p>none</p>
</section>
<section>
<section id="references" class="title-slide slide level1 smaller scrollable">
<h1>References</h1>
<div id="refs" class="references csl-bib-body hanging-indent" data-entry-spacing="0" role="list">
<div id="ref-Cooper2014" class="csl-entry" role="listitem">
Cooper, Alan, Robert Reimann, David Cronin, and Christopher Noessel. 2014. <em>About Face 4.0: The Essentials of Interaction Design</em>. Indianapolis, IN: Wiley.
</div>
<div id="ref-Hartson2019" class="csl-entry" role="listitem">
Hartson, Rex, and Pardha Pyla. 2019. <em>The UX Book, 2nd Edition</em>. Cambridge, MA: Morgan Kaufman.
</div>
<div id="ref-Mccloud2006" class="csl-entry" role="listitem">
McCloud, Scott. 2006. <em>Making Comics: Storytelling Secrets of Comics, Manga and Graphic Novels</em>. Harper Paperbacks.
</div>
</div>
</section>
<section class="slide level2 center">
<div class="r-fit-text">
<p>END</p>
</div>
</section></section>
<section id="colophon" class="title-slide slide level1 center">
<h1>Colophon</h1>
<p>This slideshow was produced using <code>quarto</code></p>
<p>Fonts are <em>League Gothic</em> and <em>Lato</em></p>
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