Upgrade to Python 3.11 #844

Job	Run time
Run linting/pre-commit checks	45s
unit_tests (macos-latest, 3.11)	4m 54s
unit_tests (ubuntu-latest, 3.11)	4m 44s
check_docs	1m 4s
Run integration tests on the ${{ matrix.cluster }} cluster in job ${{ needs.launch-slurm-actions-runner.outputs.job_id }}	1s
launch-slurm-actions-runner	1s
Upload coverage reports to Codecov	1s
	11m 30s

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