AdvancingMSKTelehealth.bib

@misc{2023ICD10CMDiagnosis,
  title = {2023 {{ICD-10-CM Diagnosis Code M54}}.5: {{Low}} Back Pain},
  urldate = {2023-07-24},
  howpublished = {https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/M00-M99/M50-M54/M54-/M54.5},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/VFUB6YGL/M54.html}
}

@inproceedings{affusoLetsGetPhysical2022,
  title = {Let's {{Get Physical}}: {{Fitness}}, {{Bodies}}, and the {{Politics}} of {{Reinvention}}},
  shorttitle = {Let's {{Get Physical}}},
  booktitle = {Console-Ing {{Passions}} 2022},
  author = {Affuso, Elizabeth and Fortmueller, Kate and Fuhs, Kristen and Scott, Suzanne},
  year = {2022},
  month = jun,
  publisher = {University of Central Floridy},
  address = {Orlando, Florida},
  keywords = {engagement,fitness,intimacy,MSHIcapstone,Peloton,presentation,seminar},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/X2EK8D66/1.html}
}

@article{ahmadPatientPerspectivesTelemedicine2023,
  title = {Patient {{Perspectives}} on {{Telemedicine During}} the {{COVID-19 Pandemic}}},
  author = {Ahmad, Farhan and Wysocki, Robert W. and Fernandez, John J. and Cohen, Mark S. and Simcock, Xavier C.},
  year = {2023},
  month = may,
  journal = {HAND},
  volume = {18},
  number = {3},
  pages = {522--526},
  publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc},
  issn = {1558-9447},
  doi = {10.1177/15589447211030692},
  urldate = {2024-06-09},
  abstract = {BackgroundPatients received care over telemedicine during the COVID-19 pandemic, and their perspective is useful for hand surgeons.MethodsOnline surveys were sent October-November 2020 to 497 patients who received telemedicine care. Questions were free-response and multi-item Likert scales asking about telehealth in general, limitations, benefits, comparisons to in-person visits, and opinions on future use.ResultsThe response rate was 26\% (n = 130). Prior to the pandemic, 55\% had not used telemedicine for hand surgery consultation. Patients liked their telemedicine visit and felt their provider spent enough time with them (means = 9/10). In all, 48\% would have preferred in-person visits despite the pandemic, and 69\% would prefer in-person visits once the pandemic concludes. While 43\% had no concerns with telemedicine, 36\% had difficulties explaining their symptoms. Telemedicine was easy to access and navigate (M = 9/10). However, 23\% saw telemedicine of limited value due to the need for an in-person visit soon afterward. Of these patients, 46\% needed an in-person visit due to inadequate physical examination. Factors that make telemedicine more favorable to patients included convenience, lack of travel, scheduling ease, and time saved. Factors making telemedicine less favorable included need for in-person examination or procedure, pain assessment, and poor connectivity. There was no specific appointment time the cohort preferred. Patient recommendations to improve telemedicine included decreasing wait times and showing patient queue, wait time, or physician status online.ConclusionsTelemedicine was strongly liked by patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, nearly 70\% of patients still preferred in-person visits for the future.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Hand,obsidian,Patient,read,surgery,Surgery,telehealth,Telehealth,telemedicine,Telemedicine,TELEMEDICINE,Telemedicine*},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/U3IWTRYK/Ahmad et al. - 2023 - Patient Perspectives on Telemedicine During the COVID-19 Pandemic.pdf}
}

@article{allvinStrugglingBeSeen2019,
  title = {Struggling to Be Seen and Understood as a Person -- {{Chronic}} Back Pain Patients' Experiences of Encounters in Health Care: {{An}} Interview Study},
  shorttitle = {Struggling to Be Seen and Understood as a Person -- {{Chronic}} Back Pain Patients' Experiences of Encounters in Health Care},
  author = {Allvin, Ren{\'e}e and Fjordkvist, Erika and Blomberg, Karin},
  year = {2019},
  journal = {Nursing Open},
  volume = {6},
  number = {3},
  pages = {1047--1054},
  issn = {2054-1058},
  doi = {10.1002/nop2.290},
  urldate = {2024-03-26},
  abstract = {Aim The aim of this study was to describe how patients with chronic back pain experience encounters with health care. Persons with chronic back pain are a stigmatized group often treated based on stereotypes, which may lead to misunderstandings and create frustrated patients and healthcare personnel. Few studies have examined the generic aspects of quality of care in this context. Design A descriptive design with a qualitative approach was used. Methods Nine individual interviews were conducted with chronic back pain patients after admission to an orthopaedic hospital ward. Data were analysed using content analysis. Results The patients' experiences of healthcare encounters can be described by the theme ``Struggling to be seen and understood as a person,'' comprising the categories ``Lack of access and trust to care,'' ``A desire to be taken care of and listened to'' and ``Own strength to handle healthcare situations.''},
  copyright = {{\copyright} 2019 The Authors. Nursing Open published by John Wiley \& Sons Ltd.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {chronic back pain,experiences,MSHIcapstone,patient-provider relationship,person-centred care,telehealth},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/IXAQ39IY/Allvin et al. - 2019 - Struggling to be seen and understood as a person –.pdf}
}

@misc{AmericanTelemedicineAssociation,
  title = {American {{Telemedicine Association}}},
  journal = {ATA},
  urldate = {2024-02-19},
  abstract = {As the only organization completely focused on advancing telehealth, ATA is working to change the way the world thinks about healthcare. We are committed to ensuring that everyone has access to safe, affordable, and effective care when and where they need it, and that providers can more good for more people. We represent a broad and inclusive member network of technology solution providers, healthcare delivery systems, and payers, as well as partner organizations and alliances. Together, we are working to advance industry adoption of telehealth, promote responsible policy, advocate for government and market normalization, and provide education and resources to help integrate virtual care into emerging value-based delivery models.},
  howpublished = {https://www.americantelemed.org/},
  langid = {american},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/8MCVGDRJ/www.americantelemed.org.html}
}

@article{ammendoliaBootCampProgram2016,
  title = {The Boot Camp Program for Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial},
  author = {Ammendolia, Carlo and C{\^o}t{\'e}, Pierre and Rampersaud, Y Raja and Southerst, Danielle and Budgell, Brian and Bombardier, Claire and Hawker, Gillian},
  year = {2016},
  month = dec,
  journal = {Chiropractic \& manual therapies},
  volume = {24},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1--10},
  publisher = {BioMed Central},
  doi = {10.1186/s12998-016-0106-y},
  abstract = {Background Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) causing neurogenic claudication is a leading cause of pain, disability and loss of independence in older adults. The prevalence of lumbar spinal stenosis is growing rapidly due to an aging population. The dominant limitation in LSS is walking ability. Postural, physical and psychosocial factors can impact symptoms and functional ability. LSS is the most common reason for spine surgery in older adults yet the vast majority of people with LSS receive non-surgical treatment. What constitutes effective non-surgical treatment is unknown. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a multi-modal and self-management training program, known as the Boot Camp Program for LSS aimed at improving walking ability and other relevant patient-centred outcomes. Methods We will use a pragmatic two-arm randomized controlled single blinded (assessor) study design. Eligible and consenting participants will be randomized to receive from licensed chiropractors either a 6-week (twice weekly) self-management training program (manual therapy, education, home exercises) with an instructional workbook and video and a pedometer or a single instructional session with an instructional workbook and video and pedometer. The main outcome measure will be the self-paced walking test measured at 6 months. We will also assess outcomes at 8 weeks and 3 and 12 months. Discussion Symptoms and functional limitations in LSS are variable and influenced by changes in spinal alignment. Physical and psychological factors result in chronic disability for patients with LSS. The Boot Camp Program is a 6-week self-management training program aimed at the multi-faceted aspects of LSS and trains individuals to use self-management strategies. The goal is to provide life-long self-management strategies that maximize walking and overall functional abilities and quality of life. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT02592642 .},
  date-added = {2022-03-25T23:12:42GMT},
  date-modified = {2022-04-30T18:16:16GMT},
  langid = {english},
  local-url = {file://localhost/Users/nately/Dropbox/Articles/Library.papers3/Files/F6/F6EA3D8C-0265-4789-BEA6-96DF0D0922BF.pdf},
  rating = {0},
  uri = {papers3://publication/doi/10.1186/s12998-016-0106-y},
  keywords = {boot camp,MSHIcapstone,obsidian,patient education,Stenosis},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/Q7UZ64EL/Ammendolia et al. - 2016 - The boot camp program for lumbar spinal stenosis .pdf}
}

@article{ammendoliaClinicalOutcomesNeurogenic2015,
  title = {Clinical {{Outcomes}} for {{Neurogenic Claudication Using}} a {{Multimodal Program}} for {{Lumbar Spinal Stenosis}}: {{A Retrospective Study}}},
  shorttitle = {Clinical {{Outcomes}} for {{Neurogenic Claudication Using}} a {{Multimodal Program}} for {{Lumbar Spinal Stenosis}}},
  author = {Ammendolia, Carlo and Chow, Ngai},
  year = {2015},
  month = mar,
  journal = {Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics},
  volume = {38},
  number = {3},
  pages = {188--194},
  issn = {0161-4754},
  doi = {10.1016/j.jmpt.2014.12.006},
  urldate = {2023-02-25},
  abstract = {Objective The purpose of this preliminary study was to assess the effectiveness of a 6-week, nonsurgical, multimodal program that addresses the multifaceted aspects of neurogenic claudication. Methods In this retrospective study, 2 researchers independently extracted data from the medical records from January 2010 to April 2013 of consecutive eligible patients who had completed the 6-week Boot Camp Program. The program consisted of manual therapy twice per week (eg, soft tissue and neural mobilization, chiropractic spinal manipulation, lumbar flexion-distraction, and muscle stretching), structured home-based exercises, and instruction of self-management strategies. A paired t test was used to compare differences in outcomes from baseline to 6-week follow-up. Outcomes included self-reported pain, disability, walking ability, and treatment satisfaction. Results A total of 49 patients were enrolled, with a mean age of 70 years. The mean difference in the Oswestry Disability Index was 15.2 (95\% confidence interval [CI], 11.39-18.92), and that for the functional and symptoms scales of the Swiss Spinal Stenosis Questionnaire was 0.41 (95\% CI, 0.26-0.56) and 0.74 (95\% CI, 0.55-0.93), respectively. Numeric pain scores for both leg and back showed statistically significant improvements. Improvements in all outcomes were clinically important. Conclusions This study showed preliminary evidence for improved outcomes in patients with neurogenic claudication participating in a 6-week nonsurgical multimodal Boot Camp Program.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Chiropractic,Claudication,Lumbar Vertebrae,Manual Therapy,MSHIcapstone,Osteoarthritis,Rehabilitation,Spinal Stenosis,Spine,Spinemobility},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/V5E9MZVL/Ammendolia and Chow - 2015 - Clinical Outcomes for Neurogenic Claudication Usin.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/I9HB2RSG/S0161475414002784.html}
}

@article{andreaturollaMusculoskeletalPhysicalTherapy2020,
  title = {Musculoskeletal {{Physical Therapy During}} the {{COVID-19 Pandemic}}: {{Is Telerehabilitation}} the {{Answer}}?},
  author = {{Andrea Turolla} and Turolla, Andrea and {Giacomo Rossettini} and Rossettini, Giacomo and {Antonello Viceconti} and Viceconti, Antonello and {Alvisa Palese} and Palese, Alvisa and {Tommaso Geri} and Geri, Tommaso},
  year = {2020},
  month = aug,
  journal = {Physical Therapy},
  volume = {100},
  number = {8},
  pages = {1260--1264},
  doi = {10.1093/ptj/pzaa093},
  pmid = {32386218},
  keywords = {COVID-19,MSHIcapstone,pandemic,telemedicine,telerehabilitation,Telerehabilitation},
  annotation = {MAG ID: 3021986807},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/PC2FCE47/Andrea Turolla et al. - 2020 - Musculoskeletal Physical Therapy During the COVID-19 Pandemic Is Telerehabilitation the Answer.pdf}
}

@article{angellCongressExpectedExtend2022,
  title = {Congress {{Expected}} to {{Extend Telehealth Coverage}} -- for {{Now}}},
  author = {Angell, Melissa},
  year = {2022},
  month = dec,
  journal = {Inc.com},
  urldate = {2024-06-25},
  abstract = {Health care coverage could get more costly if the Biden administration fails to extend the public health emergency. The \$1.7 trillion omnibus bill preserves telehealth benefits, but it's only temporary.},
  langid = {english},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/JIKVDGXG/congress-expected-to-extend-telehealth-coverage-for-now.html}
}

@article{ansaryVirtualPhysicalExam2021,
  title = {The Virtual Physical Exam in the 21st Century},
  author = {Ansary, Ali M and Martinez, Joseph N and Scott, John D},
  year = {2021},
  month = jul,
  journal = {Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare},
  volume = {27},
  number = {6},
  pages = {382--392},
  issn = {1357-633X},
  doi = {10.1177/1357633X19878330},
  urldate = {2022-12-15},
  keywords = {diagnosis,physical exam,Telemedicine,virtual},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/MS9MH232/Ansary et al. - 2021 - The virtual physical exam in the 21st century.pdf}
}

@article{apathyTelemedicineInPersonVisit2024,
  title = {Telemedicine and {{In-Person Visit Modality Mix}} and {{Electronic Health Record Use}} in {{Primary Care}}},
  author = {Apathy, Nate C. and Zabala, Garrett and Gomes, Kylie and Spaar, Patti and Krevat, Seth A. and Ratwani, Raj M.},
  year = {2024},
  month = apr,
  journal = {JAMA Network Open},
  volume = {7},
  number = {4},
  pages = {e248060},
  issn = {2574-3805},
  doi = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.8060},
  urldate = {2024-04-26},
  keywords = {EHR,MSHIcapstone,obsidian,R,telehealth,telemedicine,tidyverse},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/4IEA3J6H/apathy_2024_ld_240040_1713374683.23154.pdf}
}

@article{areiasLongTermClinicalOutcomes2022,
  title = {Long-{{Term Clinical Outcomes}} of a {{Remote Digital Musculoskeletal Program}}: {{An Ad Hoc Analysis}} from a {{Longitudinal Study}} with a {{Non-Participant Comparison Group}}},
  shorttitle = {Long-{{Term Clinical Outcomes}} of a {{Remote Digital Musculoskeletal Program}}},
  author = {Areias, Anabela C. and Costa, Fab{\'i}ola and Janela, Dora and Molinos, Maria and Moulder, Robert G. and Lains, Jorge and Scheer, Justin K. and Bento, Virg{\'i}lio and Yanamadala, Vijay and Correia, Fernando Dias},
  year = {2022},
  month = dec,
  journal = {Healthcare},
  volume = {10},
  number = {12},
  pages = {2349},
  publisher = {Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute},
  issn = {2227-9032},
  doi = {10.3390/healthcare10122349},
  urldate = {2024-05-22},
  abstract = {Digital solutions have emerged as an alternative to conventional physiotherapy, particularly for chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) management; however, its long-term effects remain largely unexplored. This study focuses on patients reporting CMP, assessing 1-year clinical outcomes after a multimodal digital care program (DCP) versus non-participants, who enrolled in the program but never engaged in a single exercise session or partook of the educational content made available to them. In this longitudinal study ad-hoc analysis, pain and functionality outcomes at 1-year reassessment were studied, focusing on the odds of reaching minimal clinically important difference (MCID) and, overall average reduction in both outcomes. Healthcare utilization was additionally studied within the same period. From 867 individuals allocated to the study, 460 completed the 1-year reassessment (intervention group: 310; comparison group: 150). The intervention group presented sustained and greater pain reduction until 1-year reassessment than the comparison group, reflecting greater odds ratio of achieving the MCID both in pain and functionality (1.90 95\% CI: 1.27--2.86, p = 0.002 and 2.02 95\% CI: 1.31--3.12, p = 0.001, respectively). A lower healthcare utilization during the 1-year follow-up was observed in the intervention group than in the comparison group. This study suggests that a digital CMP program may have a lasting impact on improved pain and functionality in patients with CMP.},
  copyright = {http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {chronic musculoskeletal pain,eHealth,follow-up,functionality,MSHIcapstone,physical therapy,telerehabilitation},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/6WUGB6HP/Areias et al. - 2022 - Long-Term Clinical Outcomes of a Remote Digital Musculoskeletal Program An Ad Hoc Analysis from a L.pdf}
}

@article{areiasPotentialMultimodalDigital2023,
  title = {The Potential of a Multimodal Digital Care Program in Addressing Healthcare Inequities in Musculoskeletal Pain Management},
  author = {Areias, Anabela C. and Molinos, Maria and Moulder, Robert G. and Janela, Dora and Scheer, Justin K. and Bento, Virg{\'i}lio and Yanamadala, Vijay and Cohen, Steven P. and Correia, Fernando Dias and Costa, Fab{\'i}ola},
  year = {2023},
  month = oct,
  journal = {npj Digital Medicine},
  volume = {6},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1--11},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2398-6352},
  doi = {10.1038/s41746-023-00936-2},
  urldate = {2023-11-30},
  abstract = {Digital interventions have emerged as a solution for time and geographical barriers, however, their potential to target other social determinants of health is largely unexplored. In this post-hoc analysis, we report the impact of social deprivation on engagement and clinical outcomes after a completely remote multimodal musculoskeletal (MSK) digital care program managed by a culturally-sensitive clinical team. Patients were stratified in five categories according to their social deprivation index, and cross-referenced with their race/ethnicity, rurality and distance to healthcare facilities. From a total of 12,062 patients from all U.S. states, 8569 completed the program. Higher social deprivation was associated with greater baseline disease burden. We observed that all categories reported pain improvements (ranging from -2.0 95\%CI -2.1, -1.9 to -2.1 95\%CI -2.3, -1.9, p\,{$<$}\,0.001) without intergroup differences in mean changes or responder rates (from 59.9\% (420/701) to 66.6\% (780/1172), p\,=\,0.067), alongside reduction in analgesic consumption. We observed significant improvements in mental health and productivity across all categories, with productivity and non-work-related functional recovery being greater within the most deprived group. Engagement was high but varied slightly across categories. Together these findings highlight the importance of a patient-centered digital care program as a tool to address health inequities in musculoskeletal pain management. The idea of investigating social deprivation within a digital program provides a foundation for future work in this field to identify areas of improvement.},
  copyright = {2023 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {equity,MSHIcapstone,MSK,Pain management,Rehabilitation,Sword Health,telehealth},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/63HB4P9S/Areias et al. - 2023 - The potential of a multimodal digital care program.pdf}
}

@article{aronExperimentalGenerationInterpersonal1997,
  title = {The Experimental Generation of Interpersonal Closeness: {{A}} Procedure and Some Preliminary Findings},
  author = {Aron, Arthur and Melinat, Edward and Aron, Elaine N and Vallone, Robert Darrin and Bator, Renee J},
  year = {1997},
  month = nov,
  journal = {Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin},
  volume = {23},
  number = {4},
  pages = {363--377},
  abstract = {A practical methodology is presented for creating closeness in an experimental context. Whether or not an individual is in a relationship,particularpairingsofindividualsintherelation- ship, and circumstances of relationship development become manipulated variables. Over a 45-min period subject pairs carry out self-disclosure and relationship-building tasks that graduaUy escalate in intensity. Study 1 found greater postinter- action closeness with these tasks versus comparable smaU-talk tasks. Studies 2 and 3 found no significant closeness effects, in spite o f adequate power, for (a) whether pairs were matched for nondisagreement on important attitudes, (b) whether pairs were led to expect mutual liking, or (c) whether getting close was made an explicit goal. These studies also iUustrated applications for addressing theoretical issues, yielding provocative tentative findings relating to attachment style and introversion/ extraversion.},
  affiliation = {The Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc.},
  date-added = {2015-01-27T01:42:17GMT},
  date-modified = {2022-02-16T20:39:29GMT},
  rating = {0},
  read = {Yes},
  uri = {papers3://publication/uuid/70BE040A-BC8B-4E48-AAF5-689B41B776A7},
  keywords = {love,questions,relationship},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/J3DR3YAR/Aron et al. - 1997 - The experimental generation of interpersonal closeness A procedure and some preliminary findings.pdf}
}

@article{atkinson-grahamCareDistanceUnderstanding2024,
  title = {Care at a Distance: {{Understanding}} Lived Experiences of People with {{MSK}} Disorders Receiving Non-Pharmacological Interventions Delivered through Synchronous Telehealth: {{A}} Systematic Rapid Review},
  shorttitle = {Care at a Distance},
  author = {{Atkinson-Graham}, Melissa and Brunton, Ginny and Cancelliere, Carol and Corso, Melissa and {de Zoete}, Annemarie and Rubinstein, Sidney M and Murnaghan, Kent and Mior, Silvano},
  year = {2024},
  month = jan,
  journal = {DIGITAL HEALTH},
  volume = {10},
  pages = {20552076241236573},
  publisher = {SAGE Publications Ltd},
  issn = {2055-2076},
  doi = {10.1177/20552076241236573},
  urldate = {2024-06-09},
  abstract = {BackgroundLittle is known about lived experience of synchronous telehealth in patients with musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders.ObjectiveWe conducted a rapid systematic review to answer: (1) what are the lived experiences and/or perspectives of people with MSK disorders receiving non-pharmacological interventions delivered through synchronous telehealth; and (2) what clinical implications can be inferred from qualitative studies focusing on lived experiences for how telehealth is delivered in the management of MSK disorders?Data sourcesA comprehensive search of MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ProQuest, and Google Scholar from June 2010 to July 2023. Eligible qualitative and mixed methods studies capturing lived experiences of adults with MSK disorders receiving non-pharmacological interventions via synchronous telehealth were included.Study methodsSystematic rapid review conducted according to WHO guidelines. Titles and abstracts screened by reviewers independently, eligible studies critically appraised, and data was extracted. Themes summarized using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). GRADE-CERQual (Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research) used to assess confidence in synthesis findings.ResultsWe identified 9782 references, screened 8029, and critically appraised 22, and included 17 studies. There is evidence to suggest that the experience of telehealth prior to and during the pandemic was shaped by (1) patient perception of telehealth, (2) existing relationships with practitioners, (3) availability and accessibility of telehealth technologies, and (4) perceptions about the importance of the role of the physical exam in assessing and treating MSK disorders.ConclusionThe five identified implications could be used to inform future research, policy, and strategy development.},
  langid = {english},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/9GX7W6K9/Atkinson-Graham et al. - 2024 - Care at a distance Understanding lived experiences of people with MSK disorders receiving non-pharm.pdf}
}

@article{bailensonNonverbalOverloadTheoretical2021,
  title = {Nonverbal Overload: {{A}} Theoretical Argument for the Causes of Zoom Fatigue},
  author = {Bailenson, Jeremy N},
  year = {2021},
  month = feb,
  journal = {Technology, Mind, and Behavior},
  volume = {2},
  number = {1},
  publisher = {PubPub},
  doi = {10.1037/tmb0000030},
  abstract = {For decades, scholars have predicted that videoconference technology will disrupt the practice of commuting daily to and from work and will change the way people socialize. In 2020, the Covid-19 pandemic forced a drastic increase in the number of videoconference meetings, and Zoom became the leading software package because it was free, robust, and easy to use. While the software has been an essential tool for productivity, learning, and social interaction, something about being on videoconference all day seems particularly exhausting, and the term ``Zoom Fatigue'' caught on quickly. In this article, I focus on nonverbal overload as a potential cause for fatigue, and provide four arguments outlining how various aspects of the current Zoom interface likely lead to psychological consequences. The arguments are based on academic theory and research, but also have yet to be directly tested in the context of Zoom, and require future experimentation to confirm. Instead of indicting the medium, my goal is to point out these design flaws to isolate research areas for social scientists and to suggest design improvements for technologists.},
  date-added = {2021-04-09T23:37:35GMT},
  date-modified = {2022-03-21T19:10:05GMT},
  local-url = {file://localhost/Users/nately/Dropbox/Articles/Library.papers3/T/2021/Bailenson/2021\%20Bailenson\%20Technology\%20Mind\%20and\%20Behavior.pdf},
  rating = {0},
  uri = {papers3://publication/doi/10.1037/tmb0000030},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/AJLVPSWY/2021 Bailenson Technology Mind and Behavior.pdf}
}

@article{baileyDigitalCareChronic2020,
  title = {Digital Care for Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: 10,000 Participant Longitudinal Cohort Study},
  author = {Bailey, Jeannie F},
  year = {2020},
  volume = {22},
  number = {5},
  pages = {e18250},
  publisher = {JMIR Publications Inc., Toronto, Canada},
  doi = {10.2196/18250},
  abstract = {Background: Chronic musculoskeletal pain has a vast global prevalence and economic burden. Conservative therapies are universally recommended but require patient engagement and self-management to be effective. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a 12-week digital care program (DCP) in a large population of patients with chronic knee and back pain. Methods: A longitudinal observational study was conducted using a remote DCP available through a mobile app. Subjects participated in a 12-week multimodal DCP incorporating education, sensor-guided exercise therapy (ET), and behavioral health support with 1-on-1 remote health coaching. The primary outcome was pain measured by the visual analog scale (VAS). Secondary measures included engagement levels, program completion, program satisfaction, condition-specific pain measures, depression, anxiety, and work productivity. Results: A total of 10,264 adults with either knee (n=3796) or low back (n=6468) pain for at least three months were included in the study. Participants experienced a 68.45\% average improvement in VAS pain between baseline intake and 12 weeks. In all, 73.04\% (7497/10,264) participants completed the DCP into the final month. In total, 78.60\% (5893/7497) of program completers (7144/10,264, 69.60\% of all participants) achieved minimally important change in pain. Furthermore, the number of ET sessions and coaching interactions were both positively associated with improvement in pain, suggesting that the amount of engagement influenced outcomes. Secondary outcomes included a 57.9\% and 58.3\% decrease in depression and anxiety scores, respectively, and 61.5\% improvement in work productivity. Finally, 3 distinct clusters of pain response trajectories were identified, which could be predicted with a mean 76\% accuracy using baseline measures. Conclusions: These results support the efficacy and scalability of a DCP for chronic low back and knee pain in a large, diverse, real-world population. Participants demonstrated high completion and engagement rates and a significant positive relationship between engagement and pain reduction was identified, a finding that has not been previously demonstrated in a DCP. Furthermore, the large sample size allowed for the identification of distinct pain response subgroups, which may prove beneficial in predicting recovery and tailoring future interventions. This is the first longitudinal digital health study to analyze pain outcomes in a sample of this magnitude, and it supports the prospect for DCPs to serve the overwhelming number of musculoskeletal pain sufferers worldwide. [J Med Internet Res 2020;22(5):e18250]},
  date-added = {2021-01-05T23:35:53GMT},
  date-modified = {2022-03-20T22:32:59GMT},
  langid = {english},
  local-url = {file://localhost/Users/nately/Dropbox/Articles/Library.papers3/Files/2D/2DEAF8F7-C975-486E-9333-DFADDA177C50.pdf},
  rating = {0},
  read = {Yes},
  uri = {papers3://publication/doi/10.2196/18250},
  keywords = {Hinge Health,MSHIcapstone,rehab,telehealth},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/FS33RRRM/Bailey - 2020 - Digital care for chronic musculoskeletal pain 10,.pdf}
}

@article{barberioTransitioningTelehealthTodays2021,
  title = {Transitioning to {{Telehealth}}: {{Today}}'s {{Guidelines}} for {{Future Sustainability}}},
  shorttitle = {Transitioning to {{Telehealth}}},
  author = {Barberio, Judith Ann and Jenkins, Melinda L.},
  year = {2021},
  journal = {The Journal for Nurse Practitioners},
  volume = {17},
  number = {7},
  pages = {795--798},
  issn = {1555-4155},
  doi = {10.1016/j.nurpra.2021.04.001},
  urldate = {2024-06-26},
  abstract = {The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has brought about many changes and catapulted telehealth into the mainstream of health care delivery. Audio and video conference health care visits have become commonplace and have impacted geographic barriers and access to care issues with the potential for care coordination in our fragmented health care delivery system. To make this dramatic shift from face-to-face health care to telehealth care, providers must learn to quickly transition to this new format. A discussion of the structure, process, and outcomes of telehealth addresses provider and consumer concerns and sets up guidelines for incorporating telehealth and patient satisfaction into your practice.},
  pmcid = {PMC8134881},
  pmid = {34031632},
  keywords = {CMS,health care policy,health policy,Medicare,nursing,obsidian,policy,Policy,read,regulation,reimbursement,teleconsultation,telehealth,Telehealth,telemedicine,Telemedicine},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/QXYT6MRV/Barberio and Jenkins - 2021 - Transitioning to Telehealth Today’s Guidelines for Future Sustainability.pdf}
}

@article{bargeriEffectivenessTelemedicineMusculoskeletal2024,
  title = {Effectiveness of {{Telemedicine}} for {{Musculoskeletal Disorders}}: {{Umbrella Review}}},
  shorttitle = {Effectiveness of {{Telemedicine}} for {{Musculoskeletal Disorders}}},
  author = {Bargeri, Silvia and Castellini, Greta and Vitale, Jacopo Antonino and Guida, Stefania and Banfi, Giuseppe and Gianola, Silvia and Pennestr{\`i}, Federico},
  year = {2024},
  month = feb,
  journal = {Journal of Medical Internet Research},
  volume = {26},
  number = {1},
  pages = {e50090},
  publisher = {JMIR Publications Inc., Toronto, Canada},
  doi = {10.2196/50090},
  urldate = {2024-05-22},
  abstract = {Background: Several systematic reviews (SRs) assessing the use of telemedicine for musculoskeletal conditions have been published in recent years. However, the landscape of evidence on multiple clinical outcomes remains unclear. Objective: We aimed to summarize the available evidence from SRs on telemedicine for musculoskeletal disorders. Methods: We conducted an umbrella review of SRs with and without meta-analysis by searching PubMed and EMBASE up to July 25, 2022, for SRs of randomized controlled trials assessing telemedicine. We collected any kind of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), patient-reported experience measures (PREMs), and objective measures, including direct and indirect costs. We assessed the methodological quality with the AMSTAR 2 tool (A Measurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews 2). Findings were reported qualitatively. Results: Overall, 35 SRs published between 2015 and 2022 were included. Most reviews (n=24, 69\%) were rated as critically low quality by AMSTAR 2. The majority of reviews assessed ``telerehabilitation'' (n=29) in patients with osteoarthritis (n=13) using PROMs (n=142 outcomes mapped with n=60 meta-analyses). A substantive body of evidence from meta-analyses found telemedicine to be beneficial or equal in terms of PROMs compared to conventional care (n=57 meta-analyses). Meta-analyses showed no differences between groups in PREMs (n=4), while objectives measures (ie, ``physical function'') were mainly in favor of telemedicine or showed no difference (9/13). All SRs showed notably lower costs for telemedicine compared to in-person visits. Conclusions: Telemedicine can provide more accessible health care with noninferior results for various clinical outcomes in comparison with conventional care. The assessment of telemedicine is largely represented by PROMs, with some gaps for PREMs, objective measures, and costs. Trial Registration: PROSPERO CRD42022347366; https://osf.io/pxedm/},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/F2E23LC7/Bargeri et al. - 2024 - Effectiveness of Telemedicine for Musculoskeletal Disorders Umbrella Review.pdf}
}

@article{baroniStateArtTelerehabilitation2023,
  title = {The State of the Art in Telerehabilitation for Musculoskeletal Conditions},
  author = {Baroni, Marina P. and Jacob, Maria Fernanda A. and Rios, Wesley R. and Fandim, Junior V. and Fernandes, L{\'i}via G. and Chaves, Pedro I. and Fioratti, Iuri and Saragiotto, Bruno T.},
  year = {2023},
  month = jan,
  journal = {Archives of Physiotherapy},
  volume = {13},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1},
  issn = {2057-0082},
  doi = {10.1186/s40945-022-00155-0},
  urldate = {2023-08-03},
  abstract = {Background:{\enspace} Given the rapid advances in communication technology and the need that emerged from the COVID19 pandemic, telehealth initiatives have been widely used worldwide. This masterclass aims to provide an overview of telerehabilitation for musculoskeletal conditions, synthesizing the different terminologies used to describe telehealth and telerehabilitation, its effectiveness and how to use it in clinical practice, barriers and facilitators for the implementation in health services, and discuss the need of a curriculum education for the near future. Main body:{\enspace} Telerehabilitation refers to the use of information and communication technologies provided by any healthcare professionals for rehabilitation services. Telerehabilitation is a safe and effective option in the management of musculoskeletal conditions in different models of delivery. There are many technologies, with different costs and benefits, synchronous and asynchronous, that can be used for telerehabilitation: telephone, email, mobile health, messaging, web-based systems and videoconferences applications. To ensure a better practice of telerehabilitation, the clinician should certify safety and access, and appropriateness of environment, communication, technology, assessment, and therapeutic prescription. Despite the positive effect of telerehabilitation in musculoskeletal disorders, a suboptimal telerehabilitation implementation may have happened due to the COVID-19 pandemic, especially in countries where telehealth was not a reality, and clinicians lacked training and guidance. This emphasizes the need to identify the necessary curriculum content to guide future clinicians in their skills and knowledge for telerehabilitation. There are some challenges and barriers that must be carefully accounted for to contribute to a health service that is inclusive and relevant to health professionals and end users. Conclusions:{\enspace} Telerehabilitation can promote patient engagement in health care and plays an important role in improving health outcomes in patients with musculoskeletal conditions. Digital health technologies can also offer new opportunities to educate patients and facilitate the process of behavior change to a healthy lifestyle. Currently, the main needs in telerehabilitation are the inclusion of it in health curriculums in higher education and the development of cost-effectiveness and implementation trials, especially in low- and middle-income countries where access, investments and digital health literacy are limited.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone,obsidian,read,technology,telehealth,telerehabilitation},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/ZXDZT7IV/Baroni et al. - 2023 - The state of the art in telerehabilitation for mus.pdf}
}

@article{barrywalshExploringAttitudesPeople2024,
  title = {Exploring Attitudes of People with Chronic Health Conditions towards the Use of Group-Based Telerehabilitation: {{A}} Qualitative Study},
  shorttitle = {Exploring Attitudes of People with Chronic Health Conditions towards the Use of Group-Based Telerehabilitation},
  author = {Barry Walsh, Caoimhe and Cahalan, Roisin and Hinman, Rana S and O'Sullivan, Kieran},
  year = {2024},
  month = jan,
  journal = {Clinical Rehabilitation},
  volume = {38},
  number = {1},
  pages = {130--142},
  publisher = {SAGE Publications Ltd STM},
  issn = {0269-2155},
  doi = {10.1177/02692155231197385},
  urldate = {2024-06-09},
  abstract = {ObjectiveThe study explores the attitudes of people with chronic health conditions towards the use of group-based telerehabilitation.DesignA qualitative research study.SettingThe setting involved semi-structured focus groups via videoconferencing software.ParticipantsA purposive sample of 18 people with chronic health conditions including cardiorespiratory, neurological and musculoskeletal conditions was recruited via national patient advocacy and support groups in Ireland and clinical contacts. The sample included both those who had, and had not, previously engaged in telerehabilitation programmes.ProceduresAn online questionnaire collected demographic information and data regarding previous telerehabilitation participation and telerehabilitation preferences. Focus groups were conducted using videoconferencing software, in accordance with the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) Checklist, and analysed using thematic analysis following Braun and Clarke's methodology. Findings were triangulated with quantitative questionnaire data.ResultsFour focus groups were conducted including participants with chronic cardiorespiratory (n\,=\,8), neurological (n\,=\,6) and musculoskeletal (n\,=\,4) conditions. Three themes were identified regarding telerehabilitation: (a) benefits and facilitators (including convenience, increased service accessibility, social connection and technological support), (b) challenges and barriers (including technological access and literacy, limited `hands-on' therapy, safety concerns and social limitations), and (c) preferences (regarding mode of delivery, content, duration and generic programmes for mixed-condition groups).ConclusionsTelerehabilitation is convenient for people with chronic conditions; however, concerns exist regarding the use of technology and the limitations of this healthcare delivery method. The role of telerehabilitation is valued, and future programmes should acknowledge patient preferences including a hybrid model of care, exercise and educational content, social interaction and synchronous components.},
  langid = {english},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/TDAN7Z8M/Barry Walsh et al. - 2024 - Exploring attitudes of people with chronic health conditions towards the use of group-based telereha.pdf}
}

@misc{barteltTelehealthUtilizationHigher2023,
  title = {Telehealth {{Utilization Higher Than Pre-Pandemic Levels}}, but {{Down}} from {{Pandemic Highs}}},
  author = {Bartelt, Kersten and Piff, Alex and Allen, Steve and Barkley, Eric},
  year = {2023},
  month = nov,
  journal = {Epic Research},
  urldate = {2024-06-23},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/QRIPCIXP/Bartelt et al. - 2023 - Telehealth Utilization Higher Than Pre-Pandemic Levels, but Down from Pandemic Highs.pdf}
}

@article{bartonItsSecondBest2022,
  title = {``{{It}}'s Second Best'': {{A}} Mixed-Methods Evaluation of the Experiences and Attitudes of People with Musculoskeletal Pain towards Physiotherapist Delivered Telehealth during the {{COVID-19}} Pandemic},
  shorttitle = {``{{It}}'s Second Best''},
  author = {Barton, C.J. and Ezzat, A.M. and Merolli, M. and Williams, C.M. and Haines, T. and Mehta, N. and Malliaras, P.},
  year = {2022},
  month = apr,
  journal = {Musculoskeletal Science \& Practice},
  volume = {58},
  pages = {102500},
  issn = {2468-8630},
  doi = {10.1016/j.msksp.2021.102500},
  urldate = {2024-03-26},
  abstract = {Background Musculoskeletal physiotherapy practice rapidly adopted telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic, providing a unique opportunity to evaluate the experiences and attitudes of people who would not usually engage with these services. Methods A sequential mixed-methods study recruited people with musculoskeletal pain conditions accessing Australian private practice physiotherapist services. Part 1 involved an online survey of telehealth services accessed, treatments and resources provided, self-reported global change in condition, and attitudes toward telehealth. Part 2 involved semi-structured interviews with a subset of survey participants, exploring experiences and attitudes towards telehealth. Quantitative data was reported descriptively. Qualitative data was evaluated using inductive thematic analysis. Results 172 participants responded to the survey, and 19 were interviewed. 95\% accessed video-based telehealth, and 85\% reported condition improvement. 84\% agreed it was an efficient use of their time, 75\% agreed it was financially viable, and 73\% agreed their condition was accurately diagnosed. 62\% percent believed telehealth should be less expensive than in-person services. Qualitative analysis revealed four themes (17 subthemes), including (i) telehealth had value, but generally perceived as inferior to in-person care; (ii) challenges related to assessment, diagnosis, `hands on' treatment, observation, communication, and technology; (iii) advantages to access safe, expert, and convenient care; and (iv) importance of supportive technology, including video and supplementary resources. Conclusion Physiotherapist telehealth services provided to people with musculoskeletal pain during the pandemic was valued. However, telehealth was generally perceived as inferior to traditional in-person care, and may be best used as part of a hybrid model of care.},
  pmcid = {PMC8777472},
  pmid = {35074694},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone,telehealth},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/L697GTLU/Barton et al. - 2022 - “It's second best” A mixed-methods evaluation of .pdf}
}

@article{becerramartinezPerceptualQualityAudioVisual2021,
  title = {Perceptual {{Quality}} of {{Audio-Visual Content}} with {{Common Video}} and {{Audio Degradations}}},
  author = {Becerra Martinez, Helard and Hines, Andrew and Farias, Myl{\`e}ne C. Q.},
  year = {2021},
  month = jan,
  journal = {Applied Sciences},
  volume = {11},
  number = {13},
  pages = {5813},
  issn = {2076-3417},
  doi = {10.3390/app11135813},
  urldate = {2024-05-31},
  abstract = {Audio-visual quality assessment remains as a complex research field. A great effort is being made to understand how visual and auditory domains are integrated and processed by humans. In this work, we analyzed and compared the results of three psychophisical experiments that collected quality and content scores given by a pool of subjects. The experiments include diverse content audio-visual material, e.g., Sports, TV Commercials, Interviews, Music, Documentaries and Cartoons, impaired with several visual (bitrate compression, packet-loss, and frame-freezing) and auditory (background noise, echo, clip, chop) distortions. Each experiment explores a particular domain. In Experiment 1, the video component was degraded with visual artifacts, meanwhile, the audio component did not suffer any type of degradation. In Experiment 2, the audio component was degraded while the video component remained untouched. Finally, in Experiment 3 both audio and video components were degraded. As expected, results confirmed a dominance of the visual component in the overall audio-visual quality. However, a detailed analysis showed that, for certain types of audio distortions, the audio component played a more important role in the construction of the overall perceived quality.},
  copyright = {http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {audio and video quality,QoE,video quality assessment},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/KN6PCEDF/Becerra Martinez et al. - 2021 - Perceptual Quality of Audio-Visual Content with Common Video and Audio Degradations.pdf}
}

@article{belindajlawfordPhysicalTherapistsPerceptions2018,
  title = {Physical {{Therapists}}' {{Perceptions}} of {{Telephone-}} and {{Internet Video}}--{{Mediated Service Models}} for {{Exercise Management}} of {{People With Osteoarthritis}}},
  author = {{Belinda J Lawford} and Lawford, Belinda J and {Kim L Bennell} and Bennell, Kim L and {Jessica Kasza} and Kasza, Jessica and {Rana S Hinman} and Hinman, Rana S},
  year = {2018},
  month = mar,
  journal = {Arthritis Care and Research},
  volume = {70},
  number = {3},
  pages = {398--408},
  doi = {10.1002/acr.23260},
  abstract = {Objective. Investigate physical therapists' perceptions of, and willingness to use, telephone- and internet-mediated service models for exercise therapy for people with knee and/or hip osteoarthritis. Methods. An internet-based survey of Australian physical therapists comprising three sections: i) demographic information; and 16 positively-framed perception statements about delivering exercise via ii) telephone and; iii) video over the internet, for people with hip and/or knee osteoarthritis. Levels of agreement with each statement were evaluated. Logistic regression models were used to determine therapist characteristics influencing interest in delivering telerehabilitation. Results. 217 therapists spanning metropolitan, regional, rural and remote Australia completed the survey. For telephone-delivered care, there was consensus agreement it would not violate patient privacy (81\% agreed/strongly agreed) and would save patient's time (76\%), however there was less than majority agreement for 10 statements. There was consensus agreement video-delivered care would save a patient's time (82\%), be convenient for patients (80\%), and not violate patient privacy (75\%). Most agreed with all other perception statements about video-delivered care, except for liking no physical contact (14\%). Low confidence using internet video technologies, and inexperience with telerehabilitation, were significantly associated with reduced interest in delivering telephone and/or video-based services. Conclusion. Physical therapists agree telerehabilitation offers time-saving and privacy advantages for people with osteoarthritis, and perceive video-delivered care more favorably than telephone-delivered services. However, most do not like the lack of physical contact with either service model. These findings may inform the implementation of telerehabilitation osteoarthritis services, and the training needs of clinicians involved in delivering care. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
  annotation = {MAG ID: 2608097235}
}

@book{bellUseTelehealthDisability2022,
  title = {The {{Use}} of {{Telehealth}} for {{Disability Evaluations}} in {{Medicine}} and {{Allied Health}}: {{Proceedings}} of a {{Workshop}}},
  shorttitle = {The {{Use}} of {{Telehealth}} for {{Disability Evaluations}} in {{Medicine}} and {{Allied Health}}},
  editor = {Bell, Crystal J. and Johnson, Anne Frances},
  year = {2022},
  month = sep,
  publisher = {National Academies Press},
  address = {Washington, D.C.},
  doi = {10.17226/26650},
  urldate = {2023-06-10},
  collaborator = {{Board on Health Care Services} and {Health and Medicine Division} and {National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine}},
  isbn = {978-0-309-69150-5},
  keywords = {Health and Medicine--Healthcare and Quality,Health and Medicine--Policy Reviews and Evaluations,MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/T7Q8AR47/Bell and Johnson - 2022 - The Use of Telehealth for Disability Evaluations i.pdf}
}

@article{bennellDoesWebbasedExercise2019,
  title = {Does a Web-Based Exercise Programming System Improve Home Exercise Adherence for People with Musculoskeletal Conditions?: {{A}} Randomized Controlled Trial.},
  author = {Bennell, Kim L and Marshall, Charlotte J and Dobson, Fiona and Kasza, Jessica and Lonsdale, Chris and Hinman, Rana S},
  year = {2019},
  month = oct,
  journal = {American Journal of Physical Medicine \& Rehabilitation},
  volume = {98},
  number = {10},
  pages = {850--858},
  doi = {10.1097/PHM.0000000000001204},
  abstract = {OBJECTIVE:The aim of the study was to evaluate whether a web-based exercise programming system improves adherence to a home exercise program for people with musculoskeletal conditions. DESIGN:Eligible patients with a musculoskeletal condition presenting to a physical therapist in private practice were randomized to the following: (a) control (home exercise prescribed by therapist's usual methods) or (b) intervention (home exercise prescribed using a web-based exercise programming system). The primary outcome was self-rated exercise adherence measured at week 3 via 11-point Numeric Rating Scales. Secondary outcomes were satisfaction with exercise delivery and confidence in ability to undertake prescribed exercise. Process measures were also included. RESULTS:We enrolled 305 participants, with loss to follow-up of 14.5\% (22/152) and 13.7\% (21/153) in intervention and control groups, respectively. Compared with controls, the intervention group reported higher exercise adherence (mean difference Numeric Rating Scale units (95\% confidence intervals): adherence overall -1.0 [-1.6 to -0.3] and regarding number of exercises in session -0.7 [-1.3 to -0.1], number of repetitions -0.8 [-1.4 to -0.2], and number of sessions -1.0 [-1.6 to -0.3]). The intervention group showed greater confidence to exercise than control, with no difference in satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS:A web-based exercise programming system improved home exercise adherence and confidence in ability to undertake exercise, although the clinical relevance of the results needs to be established.},
  affiliation = {From the Centre for Health, Exercise and Sports Medicine, Department of Physiotherapy, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (KLB, CJM, FD, RSH); Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (JK); and Institute for Positive Psychology and Education, Faculty of Health Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (CL).},
  date-added = {2020-01-29T19:54:40GMT},
  date-modified = {2022-03-21T19:09:28GMT},
  langid = {english},
  local-url = {file://localhost/Users/nately/Dropbox/Articles/Library.papers3/A/2019/Bennell/2019\%20Bennell\%20American\%20Journal\%20of\%20Physical\%20Medicine\%20\&\%20Rehabilitation.pdf},
  pmid = {31021823},
  rating = {0},
  read = {Yes},
  uri = {papers3://publication/doi/10.1097/PHM.0000000000001204},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/XL2MWZ4R/2019 Bennell American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation.pdf}
}

@article{bernhardssonDigitalPhysiotherapyAssessment2023,
  title = {Digital Physiotherapy Assessment vs Conventional Face-to-Face Physiotherapy Assessment of Patients with Musculoskeletal Disorders: {{A}} Systematic Review},
  shorttitle = {Digital Physiotherapy Assessment vs Conventional Face-to-Face Physiotherapy Assessment of Patients with Musculoskeletal Disorders},
  author = {Bernhardsson, Susanne and Larsson, Anette and Bergenheim, Anna and {Ho-Henriksson}, Chan-Mei and Ekhammar, Annika and Lange, Elvira and Larsson, Maria E. H. and Nordeman, Lena and Samsson, Karin S. and Bornh{\"o}ft, Lena},
  year = {2023},
  month = mar,
  journal = {PLOS ONE},
  volume = {18},
  number = {3},
  pages = {e0283013},
  publisher = {Public Library of Science},
  issn = {1932-6203},
  doi = {10.1371/journal.pone.0283013},
  urldate = {2023-07-15},
  abstract = {Background This systematic review aimed to assess the certainty of evidence for digital versus conventional, face-to-face physiotherapy assessment of musculoskeletal disorders, concerning validity, reliability, feasibility, patient satisfaction, physiotherapist satisfaction, adverse events, clinical management, and cost-effectiveness. Methods Eligibility criteria: Original studies comparing digital physiotherapy assessment with face-to-face physiotherapy assessment of musculoskeletal disorders. Systematic database searches were performed in May 2021, and updated in May 2022, in Medline, Cochrane Library, Cinahl, AMED, and PEDro. Risk of bias and applicability of the included studies were appraised using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2 tool and the Quality Appraisal of Reliability Studies tool. Included studies were synthesised narratively. Certainty of evidence was evaluated for each assessment component using GRADE. Results Ten repeated-measures studies were included, involving 193 participants aged 23--62 years. Reported validity of digital physiotherapy assessment ranged from moderate/acceptable to almost perfect/excellent for clinical tests, range of motion, patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), pain, neck posture, and management decisions. Reported validity for assessing spinal posture varied and was for clinical observations unacceptably low. Reported validity and reliability for digital diagnosis ranged from moderate to almost perfect for exact+similar agreement, but was considerably lower when constrained to exact agreement. Reported reliability was excellent for digital assessment of clinical tests, range of motion, pain, neck posture, and PROMs. Certainty of evidence varied from very low to high, with PROMs and pain assessment obtaining the highest certainty. Patients were satisfied with their digital assessment, but did not perceive it as good as face-to-face assessment. Discussion Evidence ranging from very low to high certainty suggests that validity and reliability of digital physiotherapy assessments are acceptable to excellent for several assessment components. Digital physiotherapy assessment may be a viable alternative to face-to-face assessment for patients who are likely to benefit from the accessibility and convenience of remote access. Trial registration The review was registered in the PROSPERO database, CRD42021277624.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Body limbs,Database searching,Lower back pain,Medical risk factors,MSHIcapstone,Myalgia,Pain,Patients,Physiotherapy},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/82X26JXZ/Bernhardsson et al. - 2023 - Digital physiotherapy assessment vs conventional f.pdf}
}

@article{biseFacetofaceTelehealthInterventions2022,
  title = {Face-to-Face Telehealth Interventions in the Treatment of Low Back Pain: {{A}} Systematic Review},
  shorttitle = {Face-to-Face Telehealth Interventions in the Treatment of Low Back Pain},
  author = {Bise, Christopher G. and Cupler, Zac and Mathers, Sean and Turner, Rose and Sundaram, Meenakshi and Catalani, Maria Beatriz and Dahler, Sarah and Popchak, Adam and Schneider, Michael},
  year = {2022},
  month = oct,
  journal = {Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice},
  pages = {101671},
  issn = {1744-3881},
  doi = {10.1016/j.ctcp.2022.101671},
  urldate = {2022-10-28},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/43HYBNSM/Bise et al. - 2022 - Face-to-face telehealth interventions in the treat.pdf}
}

@article{blanchetInnovativeProgramsTelemedicine2008,
  title = {Innovative {{Programs}} in {{Telemedicine Northwest TeleHealth}}},
  author = {Blanchet, Kevin D.},
  year = {2008},
  month = may,
  journal = {Telemedicine and e-Health},
  volume = {14},
  number = {4},
  pages = {318--322},
  publisher = {Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers},
  issn = {1530-5627},
  doi = {10.1089/tmj.2008.9975},
  urldate = {2024-06-10},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/UUKEYXIK/Blanchet - 2008 - Innovative Programs in Telemedicine Northwest TeleHealth.pdf}
}

@article{bobosWhichRemoteRehabilitation2024,
  title = {Which {{Remote Rehabilitation Interventions Work Best}} for {{Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain}} and {{Depression}}? {{A Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis}}},
  shorttitle = {Which {{Remote Rehabilitation Interventions Work Best}} for {{Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain}} and {{Depression}}?},
  author = {Bobos, Pavlos and Pereira, Tiago V. and Pouliopoulou, Dimitra V. and {Charakopoulou-Travlou}, Mariana and Nazari, Goris and MacDermid, Joy C.},
  year = {2024},
  month = jun,
  journal = {Journal of Orthopaedic \& Sports Physical Therapy},
  volume = {54},
  number = {6},
  pages = {361--376},
  publisher = {Journal of Orthopaedic \& Sports Physical Therapy},
  issn = {0190-6011},
  doi = {10.2519/jospt.2024.12216},
  urldate = {2024-06-10},
  abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of remote rehabilitation interventions for people living with chronic musculoskeletal pain and depression. DESIGN: A systematic review with network meta-analysis (NMA) of randomized controlled trials. LITERATURE SEARCH: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL, EMBASE, LILACS MEDLINE, PSYNDEX, and PsycINFO databases from inception to May 2023. STUDY SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomized controlled trials that evaluated the effectiveness of remote rehabilitation interventions in people with chronic musculoskeletal pain and depression. DATA SYNTHESIS: We used Bayesian random-effects models for the NMA. Effect estimates were comparisons between rehabilitation interventions and waitlist. We performed a sensitivity analysis based on bias in the randomization process, large trials ({$>$}100 patients per arm) and musculoskeletal condition. RESULTS: Fifty-eight randomized controlled trials involving 10 278 participants (median sample size: 137; interquartile range [IQR]: 77--236) were included. Interactive voice response cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT; standardized mean difference [SMD] -0.66, 95\% credible interval [CrI] -1.17 to -0.16), CBT in person (SMD -0.50, 95\% CrI -0.97 to -0.04), and mobile app CBT plus exercise (SMD -0.37, 95\% CrI -0.69 to -0.02) were superior to waitlist at 12-week follow-up for reducing pain ({$>$} 98\% probability of superiority). For depression outcomes, Internet-delivered CBT and telecare were superior to waitlist at 12-week follow-up (SMD -0.51, 95\% CrI -0.87 to -0.13) ({$>$} 99\% probability of superiority). For pain outcomes, the certainty of evidence ranged from low to moderate. For depression outcomes, the certainty of evidence ranged from very low to moderate. The proportion of dropouts attributed to adverse events was unclear. No intervention was associated with higher odds of dropout. CONCLUSION: Interactive voice response CBT and mobile app CBT plus exercise showed similar treatment effects with in-person CBT on pain reduction among people living with chronic musculoskeletal pain and depression had over 98\% probability of superiority than waitlist control at 12-week follow-up. Internet-delivered CBT and telecare had over 99\% probability of superiority than waitlist control for improving depression outcomes at 12-week follow-up. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2024;54(6):361-376. Epub 26 February 2024. doi:10.2519/jospt.2024.12216},
  keywords = {chronic musculoskeletal pain,depression,mental health comorbidities,network meta-analysis,rehabilitation interventions,systematic review},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/G4A7IHEA/334351.pdf}
}

@article{briggsRehabilitation2030Call2017,
  title = {Rehabilitation 2030: {{A Call}} to {{Action Relevant}} to {{Improving Musculoskeletal Health Care Globally}}},
  shorttitle = {Rehabilitation 2030},
  author = {Briggs, Andrew M. and Dreinh{\"o}fer, Karsten E.},
  year = {2017},
  month = may,
  journal = {Journal of Orthopaedic \& Sports Physical Therapy},
  volume = {47},
  number = {5},
  pages = {297--300},
  issn = {0190-6011, 1938-1344},
  doi = {10.2519/jospt.2017.0105},
  urldate = {2022-06-21},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/467CMFWL/Briggs and Dreinhöfer - 2017 - Rehabilitation 2030 A Call to Action Relevant to .pdf}
}

@misc{britainResourcesRuralTelehealth,
  title = {Resources for {{Rural Telehealth}}},
  author = {Britain, Catherine},
  publisher = {Telehealth Alliance of Oregon},
  urldate = {2024-02-23},
  keywords = {grants,MSHIcapstone},
  annotation = {contact: csbritain@gmail.com\\
website: https://www.ortelehealth.org},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/DL622UVY/OR_CathyBritain-TAO.pdf}
}

@misc{britainTelemedicineOregon2013,
  title = {Telemedicine in {{Oregon}}},
  author = {Britain, Catherine},
  year = {2013},
  month = dec,
  publisher = {The Telehealth Alliance of Oregon},
  urldate = {2024-02-23},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/IG63UNTT/1.2-Telemedicine-in-Oregon-BRITAIN.pdf}
}

@article{bryantTheresIntimacyWhat2020,
  title = {``{{There}}'s an {{Intimacy}} to {{What We Do}}'': {{How Peloton Became Must-Watch TV}} in 2020},
  shorttitle = {``{{There}}'s an {{Intimacy}} to {{What We Do}}''},
  author = {Bryant, Kenzie},
  year = {2020},
  month = dec,
  journal = {Vanity Fair},
  urldate = {2024-07-17},
  abstract = {As the world (gyms included) shut down, the star instructors on the popular fitness app captured Americans' imaginations while toning their glutes.},
  langid = {american},
  keywords = {authenticity,instructor,intimacy,MSHIcapstone,Peloton,read,virtual},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/ZIFGHTEB/how-peloton-became-must-watch-tv-in-2020.html}
}

@article{buchbinderLancetSeriesCall2020,
  title = {The {{Lancet Series}} Call to Action to Reduce Low Value Care for Low Back Pain: An Update},
  author = {Buchbinder, Rachelle and Underwood, Martin and Hartvigsen, Jan and Maher, Chris G},
  year = {2020},
  journal = {PAIN},
  volume = {161},
  number = {Supplement 1},
  pages = {S57--S64},
  doi = {10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001869},
  date-added = {2020-11-03T23:28:54GMT},
  date-modified = {2022-03-21T19:10:25GMT},
  langid = {english},
  local-url = {file://localhost/Users/nately/Dropbox/Articles/Library.papers3/P/2020/Buchbinder/2020\%20Buchbinder\%20PAIN.pdf},
  rating = {5},
  read = {Yes},
  uri = {papers3://publication/doi/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001869},
  keywords = {Global burden of disease,Global Health,MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/9XNACEV4/Buchbinder et al. - 2020 - The Lancet Series call to action to reduce low val.pdf}
}

@article{buckiScopingReviewTelehealth2021,
  title = {Scoping {{Review}} of {{Telehealth}} for {{Musculoskeletal Disorders}}: {{Applications}} for the {{COVID-19 Pandemic}}},
  shorttitle = {Scoping {{Review}} of {{Telehealth}} for {{Musculoskeletal Disorders}}},
  author = {Bucki, Frank M. and Clay, Michael B. and Tobiczyk, Hannah and Green, Bart N.},
  year = {2021},
  month = sep,
  journal = {Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics},
  volume = {44},
  number = {7},
  pages = {558--565},
  issn = {0161-4754},
  doi = {10.1016/j.jmpt.2021.12.003},
  urldate = {2024-03-26},
  abstract = {Objective The purpose of this scoping review was to identify information about telehealth and rehabilitation for the evaluation and management of musculoskeletal disorders, patient satisfaction, cost, and access as may be applicable during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods We searched MEDLINE for studies published between January 1, 2000, and June 1, 2019. Search terms consisted of MEDLINE medical subject headings and other words relevant to this review, including ``telerehabilitation,'' ``musculoskeletal,'' ``telemedicine,'' ``therapy,'' ``chiropractic,'' ``ergonomics,'' and ``exercise.'' This review targeted studies of people aged 18 years and older with musculoskeletal concerns. Articles on diagnostic tests, effectiveness of treatment, patient satisfaction, access to care, and cost were included. Results Eleven studies were included in this review. Interrater reliability and agreement were moderate to high for several assessment procedures for the lower limb, elbow, and low back. Two clinical trials demonstrated that provider and patient simultaneous telehealth were equally as effective as in-office care. Patient and provider satisfaction with telehealth were reported to be equal to or higher than for conventional rehabilitation. We found no studies reporting cost or access. Conclusion In the COVID-19 pandemic environment, telehealth is feasible for health care providers to provide rehabilitation services for their patients with various musculoskeletal conditions. Current evidence suggests that for some musculoskeletal disorders, telehealth evaluation may be reliable, treatment may be effective, and patient satisfaction may be good or better than for in-office care. Results from this study may help physiatry, physical therapy, and chiropractic health care providers in their decisions to implement telehealth during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.},
  pmcid = {PMC8892222},
  pmid = {35249750},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone,telehealth},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/NJRN5ZB6/Bucki et al. - 2021 - Scoping Review of Telehealth for Musculoskeletal D.pdf}
}

@article{camerond.normanEHEALSEHealthLiteracy2006,
  title = {{{eHEALS}}: {{The eHealth Literacy Scale}}},
  author = {{Cameron D. Norman} and Norman, Cameron D. and {Harvey A. Skinner} and Skinner, Harvey A.},
  year = {2006},
  month = nov,
  journal = {Journal of Medical Internet Research},
  volume = {8},
  number = {4},
  doi = {10.2196/jmir.8.4.e27},
  abstract = {BACKGROUND:  Electronic health resources are helpful only when people are able to use them, yet there remain few tools available to assess consumers' capacity for engaging in eHealth. Over 40\% of US and Canadian adults have low basic literacy levels, suggesting that eHealth resources are likely to be inaccessible to large segments of the population. Using information technology for health requires eHealth literacy---the ability to read, use computers, search for information, understand health information, and put it into context. The eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS) was designed (1) to assess consumers' perceived skills at using information technology for health and (2) to aid in determining the fit between eHealth programs and consumers. OBJECTIVES:  The eHEALS is an 8-item measure of eHealth literacy developed to measure consumers' combined knowledge, comfort, and perceived skills at finding, evaluating, and applying electronic health information to health problems. The objective of the study was to psychometrically evaluate the properties of the eHEALS within a population context. A youth population was chosen as the focus for the initial development primarily because they have high levels of eHealth use and familiarity with information technology tools. METHODS:  Data were collected at baseline, post-intervention, and 3- and 6-month follow-up using control group data as part of a single session, randomized intervention trial evaluating Web-based eHealth programs. Scale reliability was tested using item analysis for internal consistency (coefficient alpha) and test-retest reliability estimates. Principal components factor analysis was used to determine the theoretical fit of the measures with the data. RESULTS:  A total of 664 participants (370 boys; 294 girls) aged 13 to 21 (mean = 14.95; SD = 1.24) completed the eHEALS at four time points over 6 months. Item analysis was performed on the 8-item scale at baseline, producing a tight fitting scale with {$\alpha$} = .88. Item-scale correlations ranged from r = .51 to .76. Test-retest reliability showed modest stability over time from baseline to 6-month follow-up (r = .68 to .40). Principal components analysis produced a single factor solution (56\% of variance). Factor loadings ranged from .60 to .84 among the 8 items. CONCLUSIONS:  The eHEALS reliably and consistently captures the eHealth literacy concept in repeated administrations, showing promise as tool for assessing consumer comfort and skill in using information technology for health. Within a clinical environment, the eHEALS has the potential to serve as a means of identifying those who may or may not benefit from referrals to an eHealth intervention or resource. Further research needs to examine the applicability of the eHEALS to other populations and settings while exploring the relationship between eHealth literacy and health care outcomes.  [J Med Internet Res 2006;8(4):e27]},
  pmid = {17213046},
  annotation = {MAG ID: 1967390644}
}

@misc{CanSpatialComputing2024,
  title = {Can {{Spatial Computing Transform Care Delivery}}?},
  shorttitle = {Can {{Spatial Computing Transform Care Delivery}}?},
  year = {2024},
  month = jun,
  journal = {AHA Center for Health Innovation},
  urldate = {2024-06-25},
  abstract = {Holoconnects' Holobox hologram displays a lifelike 3D image of the physician and fosters a sense of connection with medical professionals even when they cannot be physically present.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/5LMGAIHI/2024-06-11-can-spatial-computing-transform-care-delivery.html}
}

@techreport{carlosplacidoNSRWhitePaper2022,
  title = {{{NSR White Paper Capabilities}} and {{Limitations}} of {{Non-GEO Constellations}}},
  author = {{Carlos Placido}},
  year = {2022},
  month = jan,
  institution = {Northern Sky Research},
  urldate = {2023-06-11},
  abstract = {High-Throughput LEO1 and MEO2 satellite constellations3 are taking center stage during a pivotal time for high-speed satcom, but intrinsic business-case and architectural facets will mold the multi-orbit, multi-band satellite paradigm. This white paper leverages NSR's Non-GEO Constellations Analysis Toolkit 2.0 (NCAT2) to factually dive into the capabilities and limitations of LEO constellations, and the LEO-GEO4 complementation potential. Using SpaceX as example, and assuming two Starlink5 sub-constellations fully deployed, the paper follows a multipleperspective approach to analysis: It includes a granular supply and demand assessment, interference-avoidance exclusion angles, ARPU and distribution considerations. The paper concludes with perspectives on how, in the future, LEOs may best interplay with well-established GEOs. Today's fast-paced environment brings unprecedented opportunities for the telecommunications industry as a whole to make the most out of disruptive innovations and investments in space networks, both Non-GEO and GEO. However, orbital dynamics of LEO satellites drive the need to assess impacts differently, as not all LEO satellite capacity is either usable or uniformly distributed across the coverage regions.},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/XKHRMHZD/NSR-White-Paper-Capabilities-and-Limitations-of-Non-GEO-Constellations.pdf}
}

@article{carterUseTriangulationQualitative2014,
  title = {The {{Use}} of {{Triangulation}} in {{Qualitative Research}}},
  author = {Carter, Nancy and {Bryant-Lukosius}, Denise and DiCenso, Alba and Blythe, Jennifer and Neville, Alan J.},
  year = {2014},
  month = sep,
  journal = {Oncology Nursing Forum},
  volume = {41},
  number = {5},
  pages = {545--547},
  issn = {0190-535X, 1538-0688},
  doi = {10.1188/14.ONF.545-547},
  urldate = {2023-07-24},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/EB6NQP49/Carter et al. - 2014 - The Use of Triangulation in Qualitative Research.pdf}
}

@misc{CenterConnectedHealth,
  title = {Center for {{Connected Health Policy}}},
  journal = {Center for Connected Health Policy},
  urldate = {2024-02-18},
  abstract = {We're a nonprofit, nonpartisan organization working to maximize telehealth's ability to improve health outcomes, care delivery, and cost effectiveness.},
  howpublished = {https://www.cchpca.org/},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone,telehealth,Telehealth,telemedicine,Telemedicine}
}

@misc{chakrabartiWhyStatesAre2023,
  title = {Why Some States Are Rolling Back Telehealth Access},
  author = {Chakrabarti, Meghna},
  journal = {On Point Podcast},
  urldate = {2024-02-23},
  abstract = {The COVID pandemic paved the way for widespread use of telehealth doctor's appointments. They worked. But some states are rolling back access to virtual visits.},
  collaborator = {Donnelly, Claire and Kwong, Mei and Bell, Robert and Eiland, Leslie},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/FMT5BBAM/why-some-states-are-rolling-back-telehealth-access.html}
}

@article{changPatientCharacteristicsTelemedicine2024,
  title = {Patient {{Characteristics}} and {{Telemedicine Use}} in the {{US}}, 2022},
  author = {Chang, Eva and Penfold, Robert B. and Berkman, Nancy D.},
  year = {2024},
  month = mar,
  journal = {JAMA Network Open},
  volume = {7},
  number = {3},
  pages = {e243354},
  issn = {2574-3805},
  doi = {10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.3354},
  urldate = {2024-03-23},
  abstract = {Telemedicine use was common during the COVID-19 pandemic, expanding many patients' approaches to accessing health care. Of concern is whether telemedicine access was poorer among higher-needs and disadvantaged populations.To assess patient characteristics associated with telemedicine use and telemedicine mode and describe telemedicine visit experiences by telemedicine mode.This cross-sectional study included data from the 2022 Health Information National Trends Survey and included US adults with a health care visit. Data were analyzed from May to September 2023.Patient characteristics.Any telemedicine visits vs in-person visits only; telemedicine mode (video vs audio-only). Multivariable logistic models assessed patient characteristics associated with telemedicine visits and mode. Bivariate analyses compared telemedicine experiences by mode.The study included 5437 adult patients (mean [SE] age, 49.4 [0.23] years; 3136 females [53.4\%]; 1928 males [46.6\%]). In 2022, 2384 patients (43\%) had a telemedicine visit; 1565 (70\%) had a video visit while 819 (30\%) had an audio-only visit. In multivariable models, older age ({$\geq$}75 years: adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.63; 95\% CI, 0.42-0.94), no internet use (aOR, 0.62; 95\% CI, 0.48-0.81), and living in the Midwest (aOR, 0.50; 95\% CI, 0.35-0.70) were negatively associated with having telemedicine visits. Female sex (aOR, 1.43; 95\% CI, 1.12-1.83), having chronic conditions (aOR, 2.13; 95\% CI, 1.66-2.73), and multiple health care visits (2-4 visits: aOR, 1.77; 95\% CI, 1.23-2.54; {$\geq$}5 visits: aOR, 3.29; 95\% CI, 2.20-4.92) were positively associated. Among individuals who used telemedicine, older age (65-74 years: aOR, 2.13; 95\% CI, 1.09-4.14; {$\geq$}75 years: aOR, 3.58; 95\% CI, 1.60-8.00), no health insurance (aOR, 2.84; 95\% CI, 1.42-5.67), and no internet use (aOR, 2.11; 95\% CI, 1.18-3.78) were positively associated with having audio-only visits. We observed no significant differences in telemedicine use or mode by education, race and ethnicity, or income. Patients' experiences using telemedicine were generally similar for video and audio-only except more individuals who used audio-only had privacy concerns (20\% vs 12\%, P\,=\,.02).In this cross-sectional study of adults with health care visits, many patients, including those with the greatest care needs, chose telemedicine even after in-person visits were available. These findings support continuing this care delivery approach as an option valued by patients. Differences were not observed by most common measures of socioeconomic status. Continued monitoring of telemedicine use is needed to ensure equitable access to health care innovations.},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone,post-COVID,telehealth,US},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/LNZJ3H3S/Chang et al. - 2024 - Patient Characteristics and Telemedicine Use in the US, 2022.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/IICNHWF2/2816685.html}
}

@article{changRapidTransitionTelehealth2021,
  title = {Rapid {{Transition}} to {{Telehealth}} and the {{Digital Divide}}: {{Implications}} for {{Primary Care Access}} and {{Equity}} in a {{Post}}-{{COVID Era}}},
  shorttitle = {Rapid {{Transition}} to {{Telehealth}} and the {{Digital Divide}}},
  author = {Chang, Ji E and LAI, ALDEN YUANHONG and GUPTA, {\relax AVNI} and NGUYEN, ANN M. and BERRY, CAROLYN A. and SHELLEY, DONNA R.},
  year = {2021},
  month = jun,
  journal = {The Milbank Quarterly},
  volume = {99},
  number = {2},
  pages = {340--368},
  issn = {0887-378X},
  doi = {10.1111/1468-0009.12509},
  urldate = {2024-02-23},
  abstract = {null Policy Points Telehealth has many potential advantages during an infectious disease outbreak such as the COVID-19 pandemic, and the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the shift to telehealth as a prominent care delivery mode.Not all health care providers and patients are equally ready to take part in the telehealth revolution, which raises concerns for health equity during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.Without proactive efforts to address both patient- and provider-related digital barriers associated with socioeconomic status, the wide-scale implementation of telehealth amid COVID-19 may reinforce disparities in health access in already marginalized and underserved communities.To ensure greater telehealth equity, policy changes should address barriers faced overwhelmingly by marginalized patient populations and those who serve them. Context The COVID-19 pandemic has catalyzed fundamental shifts across the US health care delivery system, including a rapid transition to telehealth. Telehealth has many potential advantages, including maintaining critical access to care while keeping both patients and providers safe from unnecessary exposure to the coronavirus. However, not all health care providers and patients are equally ready to take part in this digital revolution, which raises concerns for health equity during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods The study analyzed data about small primary care practices' telehealth use and barriers to telehealth use collected from rapid-response surveys administered by the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene's Bureau of Equitable Health Systems and New York University from mid-April through mid-June 2020 as part of the city's efforts to understand how primary care practices were responding to the COVID-19 pandemic following New York State's stay-at-home order on March 22. We focused on small primary care practices because they represent 40\% of primary care providers and are disproportionately located in low-income, minority or immigrant areas that were more severely impacted by COVID-19. To examine whether telehealth use and barriers differed based on the socioeconomic characteristics of the communities served by these practices, we used the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) to stratify respondents as being in high-SVI or low-SVI areas. We then characterized respondents' telehealth use and barriers to adoption by using means and proportions with 95\% confidence intervals. In addition to a primary analysis using pooled data across the five waves of the survey, we performed sensitivity analyses using data from respondents who only took one survey, first wave only, and the last two waves only. Findings While all providers rapidly shifted to telehealth, there were differences based on community characteristics in both the primary mode of telehealth used and the types of barriers experienced by providers. Providers in high-SVI areas were almost twice as likely as providers in low-SVI areas to use telephones as their primary telehealth modality (41.7\% vs 23.8\%; P {$<$}.001). The opposite was true for video, which was used as the primary telehealth modality by 18.7\% of providers in high-SVI areas and 33.7\% of providers in low-SVI areas (P {$<$}0.001). Providers in high-SVI areas also faced more patient-related barriers and fewer provider-related barriers than those in low-SVI areas. Conclusions Between April and June 2020, telehealth became a prominent mode of primary care delivery in New York City. However, the transition to telehealth did not unfold in the same manner across communities. To ensure greater telehealth equity, policy changes should address barriers faced overwhelmingly by marginalized patient populations and those who serve them.},
  pmcid = {PMC8209855},
  pmid = {34075622},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/P7TN5VGJ/Chang et al. - 2021 - Rapid Transition to Telehealth and the Digital Div.pdf}
}

@article{chehadeInnovationsImproveAccess2020,
  title = {Innovations to Improve Access to Musculoskeletal Care.},
  author = {Chehade, Mellick J and Yadav, Lalit and {Kopansky-Giles}, Deborah and Merolli, Mark and Palmer, Edward and Jayatilaka, Asangi and Slater, Helen},
  year = {2020},
  month = jul,
  journal = {Best Practice \& Research Clinical Rheumatology},
  pages = {101559},
  doi = {10.1016/j.berh.2020.101559},
  abstract = {Innovation is a form of realising a new way of doing something, often ignoring traditional wisdom, in order to meet new challenges. Globally, particularly in emerging economies, the high burden of musculoskeletal conditions and their contribution to multimorbidity continue to rise, as does the gap for services to deliver essential care. There is a growing need to find solutions to this challenge and deliver person-centred and integrated care, wherein empowering patients with the capacity for self-management is critical. Whilst there is an abundance of information available online to support consumer education, the number of sources for credible medical information is diluted by uninformed anecdotal social media solutions. Even with the provision of high-quality information, behavioural change does not necessarily follow, and more robust educational approaches are required. In this chapter, we examine innovation, its management and the strategic directions required to improve musculoskeletal healthcare at macro (policy), meso (service delivery) and micro (clinical practice) levels. We discuss the critical role of consumer agency (patients and their families/carers) in driving innovation and the need to leverage this through empowerment by education. We provide a snapshot of real-world examples of innovative practices including capacity building in consumer and interprofessional musculoskeletal education and practice; recommendations to transform the access and delivery of integrated, person-centred care; and initiatives in musculoskeletal care and implementation of models of care, enabled by digital health solutions including telehealth, remote monitoring, artificial intelligence, blockchain technology and big data. We provide emerging evidence for how innovation can support systems' strengthening and build capacity to support improved access to 'right' musculoskeletal care, and explore some of the ways to best manage innovations. We conclude with recommended systematic steps to establish required leadership, collaboration, research, networking, dissemination, implementation and evaluation of future innovations in musculoskeletal health and care.},
  affiliation = {NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence (CRE) in Frailty and Healthy Ageing, Adelaide Medical School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Discipline of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Central Adelaide Local Health Network, SA Health, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. Electronic address: mellick.chehade@adelaide.edu.au.},
  date-added = {2020-07-29T20:39:52GMT},
  date-modified = {2022-03-21T19:09:43GMT},
  langid = {english},
  local-url = {file://localhost/Users/nately/Dropbox/Articles/Library.papers3/B/2020/Chehade/2020\%20Chehade\%20Best\%20Pract\%20Res\%20Clin\%20Rheumatol.pdf},
  pmid = {32718885},
  rating = {0},
  read = {Yes},
  uri = {papers3://publication/doi/10.1016/j.berh.2020.101559},
  keywords = {G-MUSC,MSHIcapstone,Musculoskeletal},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/NPHN77PV/Chehade et al. - 2020 - Innovations to improve access to musculoskeletal c.pdf}
}

@article{chenEvaluatingTelehealthAdoption2021,
  title = {Evaluating {{Telehealth Adoption}} and {{Related Barriers Among Hospitals Located}} in {{Rural}} and {{Urban Areas}}},
  author = {Chen, Jie and Amaize, Aitalohi and Barath, Deanna},
  year = {2021},
  journal = {The Journal of Rural Health},
  volume = {37},
  number = {4},
  pages = {801--811},
  issn = {1748-0361},
  doi = {10.1111/jrh.12534},
  urldate = {2024-06-10},
  abstract = {Purpose To assess telehealth adoption among hospitals located in rural and urban areas, and identify barriers related to enhanced telehealth capabilities in the areas of patient engagement and health information exchange (HIE) capacity with external providers and community partners. Methods We used the 2018 American Hospital Association (AHA) Annual Survey and IT Supplement Survey. We applied state fixed effects multivariate analyses and Oaxaca decomposition to estimate the variation of outcomes of interest by hospital geographies. Findings Our research showed substantial differences in telehealth adoption among hospitals located in rural, micropolitan, and metropolitan areas, where adoption rates increase with urbanicity. Rural hospitals were least likely to have telehealth systems with patient engagement capabilities such as the ability to view their health information online and electronically transmit medical information to a third party. They were also the least likely to report that clinical information was available electronically from outside providers. Our model explained 65\% of the rural/urban difference in telehealth adoption, 55\% of the number of telehealth services adopted, and 43\%-49\% of the rural/urban difference in telehealth barriers. Conclusion Findings demonstrated significant barriers to telehealth use among hospitals located in rural and urban areas. For rural hospitals, barriers include lack of HIE capacity among health care providers in the community, and lack of patient engagement capability.},
  copyright = {{\copyright} 2020 The Authors. The Journal of Rural Health published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of National Rural Health Association},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {health information exchange,health information technology,patient engagement,rural health,telehealth},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/MIQUUGW7/Chen et al. - 2021 - Evaluating Telehealth Adoption and Related Barriers Among Hospitals Located in Rural and Urban Areas.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/44FJQNF8/jrh.html}
}

@article{chenValueVirtualPhysical2023,
  title = {The {{Value}} of {{Virtual Physical Therapy}} for {{Musculoskeletal Care}}},
  author = {Chen, Fang and Siego, Cynthia and Jasik, Carolyn and Norwood, Todd and Beresford, Lauren and Yang, Zhou and Dall, Timothy},
  year = {2023},
  month = jun,
  series = {June 2023},
  volume = {29},
  publisher = {MJH Life Sciences},
  urldate = {2024-07-29},
  abstract = {Objectives: To estimate the economic benefit of evidence-based patient-initiated virtual physical therapy (PIVPT) service among a nationally representative sample of commercially insured patients with musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions. Study Design: Counterfactual simulation. Methods: Using a nationally representative sample from the 2018 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, we simulated the direct medical care savings and indirect cost savings from reduced absenteeism resulting from PIVPT among commercially insured working adults with self-reported MSK conditions. Model parameters of the impact of PIVPT are drawn from peer-reviewed literature. Four potential benefits of PIVPT are explored: (1) more rapid access to PT, (2) improved adherence to PT, (3) less expensive PT care per episode, and (4) reduced/avoided referral costs of PT. Results: The mean medical care savings per person per year from PIVPT range between \$1116 and \$1523. Savings are mainly attributed to early initiation of PT (35\%) and lower cost of PT (33\%). The benefits of PIVPT result in a mean reduction of 6.6 hours in pain-related missed work per person per year. The return on investment of PIVPT is 2.0 (medical savings only) or 2.2 (medical savings plus reduced absenteeism). Conclusions: PIVPT service provides added value to MSK care by facilitating earlier access and better adherence to PT and lowering the cost of PT.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {musculoskeletal,physical therapy,value,virtual},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/6V9REZYI/Chen et al. - 2023 - The Value of Virtual Physical Therapy for Musculoskeletal Care.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/D8C9459M/the-value-of-virtual-physical-therapy-for-musculoskeletal-care.html}
}

@article{clemensscottkruseEvaluatingBarriersAdopting2018,
  title = {Evaluating Barriers to Adopting Telemedicine Worldwide: {{A}} Systematic Review},
  author = {{Clemens Scott Kruse} and Kruse, Clemens Scott and {Priyanka Karem} and Karem, Priyanka and {Kelli Shifflett} and Shifflett, Kelli and {Lokesh Vegi} and Vegi, Lokesh and {Karuna Ravi} and Ravi, Karuna and {Matthew Brooks} and Brooks, Matthew},
  year = {2018},
  month = jan,
  journal = {Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare},
  volume = {24},
  number = {1},
  pages = {4--12},
  doi = {10.1177/1357633x16674087},
  abstract = {Introduction and objectiveStudies on telemedicine have shown success in reducing the geographical and time obstacles incurred in the receipt of care in traditional modalities with the same or great...},
  pmid = {29320966},
  annotation = {MAG ID: 2532031923}
}

@phdthesis{collinsExercisersExperienceBelongingness2023,
  title = {Exercisers' {{Experience}} of {{Belongingness}}, {{Personal Growth}}, and {{Mental Health Benefits}} in a {{Virtual Exercise Program}}},
  author = {Collins, Holly N},
  year = {2023},
  urldate = {2024-07-17},
  langid = {english},
  school = {Fielding Graduate University},
  keywords = {belonging,exercise,intimacy,MSHIcapstone,social,virtual},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/KKYFEQEY/Collins - 2023 - Exercisers’ Experience of Belongingness, Personal Growth, and Mental Health Benefits in a Virtual Ex.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/EYR9A9GP/2849725937.html}
}

@article{correaleModelImplementStandardized2022,
  title = {A {{Model}} to {{Implement Standardized Virtual Care}} for {{Low Back Pain Amongst}} a {{Large Network}} of {{Providers}} in {{Urban}} and {{Rural Settings}}},
  author = {Correale, Marcia Rebecca and Soever, Leslie Jayne and Rampersaud, Yoga Raja},
  year = {2022},
  month = jan,
  journal = {Journal of Primary Care \& Community Health},
  volume = {13},
  pages = {21501319221130603},
  publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc},
  issn = {2150-1319},
  doi = {10.1177/21501319221130603},
  urldate = {2024-05-22},
  abstract = {Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, virtual care (VC) was not routinely offered for assessment of low back pain (LBP), a highly prevalent, disabling condition. COVID-19 related healthcare closures resulted in a rapid backlog of patients referred to a provincial interprofessional LBP program. Without management, these patients were at high risk of experiencing untoward outcomes. Virtual care became a logical option. However, many clinicians lacked experience and confidence with LBP virtual care (LBP-VC); and either were unfamiliar with, or did not have access to, requisite technology. Multi-stakeholder engagement was utilized to understand barriers, identify enablers, and ultimately promote VC for LBP. As a result of the multi-stakeholder engagement, the concept of a toolkit for LBP-VC, including clinical resources and guidelines, emerged. The toolkit contains preparatory steps for VC and a standardized approach to virtual LBP assessment. Key steps in the toolkit have potential applicability to other musculoskeletal populations.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/69KSBYGG/Correale et al. - 2022 - A Model to Implement Standardized Virtual Care for Low Back Pain Amongst a Large Network of Provider.pdf}
}

@article{costanzoSPINE20Recommendations20212022,
  title = {{{SPINE20}} Recommendations 2021: Spine Care for People's Health and Prosperity},
  shorttitle = {{{SPINE20}} Recommendations 2021},
  author = {Costanzo, Giuseppe and Misaggi, Bernardo and Ricciardi, Luca and AlEissa, Sami I. and Tamai, Koji and Alhelal, Fahad and Alqahtani, Yahya and Alsobayel, Hana I. and Arand, Markus and Balsano, Massimo and Blattert, Thomas R. and {Brayda-Bruno}, Marco and Busari, Jamiu O. and Campello, Marco and Chhabra, Harvinder S. and Tamburrelli, Francesco Ciro and C{\^o}t{\'e}, Pierre and Darwono, Bambang and Kandziora, Frank and La Maida, Giovanni A. and Muehlbauer, Eric J. and Mulukutla, Raghava D. and Pereira, Paulo and Rajasekaran, Shanmuganathan and Rothenfluh, Dominique A. and Sullivan, William J. and Truumees, Eeric and Dohring, Edward J. and Pigott, Tim and Shetty, Ajoy P. and Teli, Marco G. A. and Wang, Jeffrey C. and Ames, Christopher and Anema, Johannes R. and Bang, Anand and Cheung, Kenneth M. C. and Gross, Douglas P. and Haldeman, Scott and Minisola, Salvatore and Mullerpatan, Rajani and Negrini, Stefano and Salmi, Louis-Rachid and Spinelli, M. Silvia and Vlok, Adriaan and Yankey, Kwadwo P. and Zaina, Fabio and Alturkistany, Ahmed and Franke, J{\"o}rg and Liljenqvist, Ulf R. and Piccirillo, Michael and Nordin, Margareta},
  year = {2022},
  month = apr,
  journal = {European Spine Journal},
  issn = {0940-6719, 1432-0932},
  doi = {10.1007/s00586-022-07194-y},
  urldate = {2022-05-05},
  abstract = {Purpose{\enspace} The focus of SPINE20 is to develop evidence-based policy recommendations for the G20 countries to work with governments to reduce the burden of spine disease, and disability. Methods{\enspace} On September 17--18, 2021, SPINE20 held its annual meeting in Rome, Italy. Prior to the meeting, the SPINE20 created six proposed recommendations. These recommendations were uploaded to the SPINE20 website 10 days before the meeting and opened to the public for comments. The recommendations were discussed at the meeting allowing the participants to object and provide comments. Results{\enspace} In total, 27 societies endorsed the following recommendations. SPINE20 calls upon the G20 countries: (1) to expand telehealth for the access to spine care, especially in light of the current situation with COVID-19. (2) To adopt value-based interprofessional spine care as an approach to improve patient outcomes and reduce disability. (3) To facilitate access and invest in the development of a competent rehabilitation workforce to reduce the burden of disability related to spine disorders. (4) To adopt a strategy to promote daily physical activity and exercises among the elderly population to maintain an active and independent life with a healthy spine, particularly after COVID-19 pandemic. (5) To engage in capacity building with emerging countries and underserved communities for the benefit of spine patients. (6) To promote strategies to transfer evidence-based advances into patient benefit through effective implementation processes. Conclusions{\enspace} SPINE20's initiatives will make governments and decision makers aware of efforts to reduce needless suffering from disabling spine pain through education that can be instituted across the globe.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/CYXTX4W5/Costanzo et al. - 2022 - SPINE20 recommendations 2021 spine care for peopl.pdf}
}

@article{cottrellDoesTelerehabilitationResult2021,
  title = {Does Telerehabilitation Result in Inferior Clinical Outcomes Compared with In-Person Care for the Management of Chronic Musculoskeletal Spinal Conditions in the Tertiary Hospital Setting? {{A}} Non-Randomised Pilot Clinical Trial},
  shorttitle = {Does Telerehabilitation Result in Inferior Clinical Outcomes Compared with In-Person Care for the Management of Chronic Musculoskeletal Spinal Conditions in the Tertiary Hospital Setting?},
  author = {Cottrell, Michelle A and O'Leary, Shaun P and Raymer, Maree and Hill, Anne J and Comans, Tracy and Russell, Trevor G},
  year = {2021},
  month = sep,
  journal = {Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare},
  volume = {27},
  number = {7},
  pages = {444--452},
  issn = {1357-633X, 1758-1109},
  doi = {10.1177/1357633X19887265},
  urldate = {2024-03-27},
  abstract = {Introduction: Clinical guidelines recommend multidisciplinary non-surgical management for most musculoskeletal spinal conditions. Access to such services continues to be a barrier for many individuals residing outside metropolitan regions. The primary aim of this study was to determine whether clinical outcomes achieved via telerehabilitation are as good as those achieved via in-person care.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/HNQA2ZJ8/Cottrell et al. - 2021 - Does telerehabilitation result in inferior clinical outcomes compared with in-person care for the ma.pdf}
}

@article{cottrellRealtimeTelerehabilitationTreatment2016,
  title = {Real-Time Telerehabilitation for the Treatment of Musculoskeletal Conditions Is Effective and Comparable to Standard Practice: {{A}} Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis},
  author = {Cottrell, M A and Galea, O A and OLeary, S P and Hill, A J and Russell, T G},
  year = {2016},
  month = may,
  journal = {Clinical rehabilitation},
  volume = {31},
  number = {5},
  pages = {625--638},
  doi = {10.1177/0269215516645148},
  abstract = {OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness of treatment delivered via real-time telerehabilitation for the management of musculoskeletal conditions, and to determine if real-time telerehabilitation is comparable to conventional methods of delivery within this population. DATA SOURCES:Six databases (Medline, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, PEDro, psycINFO, CINAHL) were searched from inception to November 2015 for literature which reported on the outcomes of real-time telerehabilitation for musculoskeletal conditions. REVIEW METHODS:Two reviewers screened 5913 abstracts where 13 studies (n = 1520) met the eligibility criteria. Methodological quality was assessed using the Downs \& Black 'Checklist for Measuring Quality' tool. Results were pooled for meta-analysis based upon primary outcome measures and reported as standardised mean differences and 95\% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS:Aggregate results suggest that telerehabilitation is effective in the improvement of physical function (SMD 1.63, 95\%CI 0.92-2.33, I(2)=93\%), whilst being slightly more favourable (SMD 0.44, 95\%CI 0.19-0.69, I(2)=58\%) than the control cohort following intervention. Sub-group analyses reveals that telerehabilitation in addition to usual care is more favourable (SMD 0.64, 95\%CI 0.43-0.85, I(2)=10\%) than usual care alone, whilst treatment delivered solely via telerehabilitation is equivalent to face-to-face intervention (SMD MD 0.14, 95\% CI -0.10-0.37, I(2) = 0\%) for the improvement of physical function. The improvement of pain was also seen to be comparable between cohorts (SMD 0.66, 95\%CI -0.27-1.60, I(2)=96\%) following intervention. CONCLUSIONS:Real-time telerehabilitation appears to be effective and comparable to conventional methods of healthcare delivery for the improvement of physical function and pain in a variety of musculoskeletal conditions.},
  affiliation = {School of Health and Rehabilitation Science, University of Queensland, Australia Centre for Research Excellence in Telehealth, University of Queensland, Australia michelle.cottrell@uqconnect.edu.au.},
  date-added = {2016-06-30T15:33:31GMT},
  date-modified = {2022-04-30T18:15:43GMT},
  langid = {english},
  local-url = {file://localhost/Users/nately/Dropbox/Articles/Library.papers3/C/2016/Cottrell/2016\%20Cottrell\%20Clin\%20Rehabil-1.pdf},
  pmid = {27141087},
  rating = {0},
  read = {Yes},
  uri = {papers3://publication/doi/10.1177/0269215516645148},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/QMTJ6V68/2016 Cottrell Clin Rehabil-1.pdf}
}

@article{cottrellTelehealthMusculoskeletalPhysiotherapy2020,
  title = {Telehealth for Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy},
  author = {Cottrell, Michelle A and Russell, Trevor G},
  year = {2020},
  month = aug,
  journal = {Musculoskeletal Science and Practice},
  volume = {48},
  pages = {102193},
  publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
  doi = {10.1016/j.msksp.2020.102193},
  abstract = {Musculoskeletal Science and Practice, 48 (2020) 102193. doi:10.1016/j.msksp.2020.102193},
  date-added = {2021-01-06T23:54:09GMT},
  date-modified = {2022-03-21T19:09:52GMT},
  langid = {english},
  local-url = {file://localhost/Users/nately/Dropbox/Articles/Library.papers3/Files/C8/C88A2760-0372-4BFE-A957-FABB669FED38.pdf},
  rating = {0},
  uri = {papers3://publication/doi/10.1016/j.msksp.2020.102193},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/RHW3EUES/Cottrell and Russell - 2020 - Telehealth for musculoskeletal physiotherapy.pdf}
}

@article{crouchTelehealthPandemicPatient2023,
  title = {Telehealth during the Pandemic: {{Patient}} Perceptions and Policy Implications},
  shorttitle = {Telehealth during the Pandemic},
  author = {Crouch, Jacob and Winters, Karen and Zhang, Lei and Stewart, Mary W.},
  year = {2023},
  month = jan,
  journal = {Journal of Nursing Scholarship},
  volume = {55},
  number = {1},
  pages = {141--148},
  issn = {1527-6546},
  doi = {10.1111/jnu.12832},
  urldate = {2024-02-23},
  abstract = {Introduction Telehealth's potential to improve access to specialty health care, increase favorable patient outcomes, and save money demands attention. Unfortunately, patients often fail to embrace telehealth. The COVID-19 pandemic fueled greater telehealth usage globally. Little is known about patient perceptions of telehealth in the context of a pandemic. Therefore, we sought to understand patient perceptions of telehealth during the COVID-19 pandemic and explore relevant policy implications. Design Researchers used a cross-sectional, non-experimental design to survey 366 patients across two telehealth programs at a Mississippi academic health sciences center between November 1, 2021 and November 15, 2021. Methods As part of a larger, psychometric study on patient acceptance of telehealth, participants rated the item, ``The COVID-19 pandemic has made me more open to using telehealth'' on a 5-point Likert scale (1~=~strongly disagree; 5~=~strongly agree). Means of the different groups were analyzed using independent t-test and one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc multiple comparisons. Results Of the total participants, 73\% (n~=~366) either agreed or strongly agreed that the COVID-19 pandemic had made them more open to using telehealth. Significant differences existed by age (p~=~0.016), race/ethnicity (p~=~0.015), and sex (p\,{$<$}\,0.001), however, groups did not differ by age during post-hoc analysis. A significant difference in the mean responses was observed between black participants (M~=~4.29) and white participants (M~=~3.91; p~=~0.011). In addition, female participants (M~=~4.11) rated the item higher than male participants (M~=~3.65). Conclusion As access to telehealth increased due to the COVID-19 pandemic, patients' perceptions to telehealth seem to have shifted in the positive direction as well. Findings may be used to support expansion of telehealth and advocacy for patients in a variety of settings. Clinical Relevance Study findings indicate that participants of telehealth are more open to using telehealth due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Implementing telehealth should be a priority to increase access to care for those who have limited access to specialty care, and policymakers should advocate to decrease barriers to telehealth within their institutions.},
  pmcid = {PMC9874805},
  pmid = {36218219},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/AUW2XBPL/Crouch et al. - 2023 - Telehealth during the pandemic Patient perception.pdf}
}

@article{cuiRandomizedcontrolledTrialAssessing2023,
  title = {Randomized-Controlled Trial Assessing a Digital Care Program versus Conventional Physiotherapy for Chronic Low Back Pain},
  author = {Cui, Di and Janela, Dora and Costa, Fab{\'i}ola and Molinos, Maria and Areias, Anabela C. and Moulder, Robert G. and Scheer, Justin K. and Bento, Virg{\'i}lio and Cohen, Steven P. and Yanamadala, Vijay and Correia, Fernando Dias},
  year = {2023},
  month = jul,
  journal = {npj Digital Medicine},
  volume = {6},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1--10},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2398-6352},
  doi = {10.1038/s41746-023-00870-3},
  urldate = {2023-08-27},
  abstract = {Low back pain (LBP) is the world's leading cause of years lived with disability. Digital exercise-based interventions have shown great potential in the management of musculoskeletal conditions, promoting access and easing the economic burden. However, evidence of their effectiveness for chronic LBP (CLBP) management compared to in-person physiotherapy has yet to be unequivocally established. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) aims to compare the clinical outcomes of patients with CLBP following a digital intervention versus evidence-based in-person physiotherapy. Our results demonstrate that patient satisfaction and adherence were high and similar between groups, although a significantly lower dropout rate is observed in the digital group (11/70, 15.7\% versus 24/70, 34.3\% in the conventional group; P\,=\,0.019). Both groups experience significant improvements in disability (primary outcome), with no differences between groups in change from baseline (median difference: -0.55, 95\% CI: -2.42 to 5.81, P\,=\,0.412) or program-end scores (-1.05, 95\% CI: -4.14 to 6.37; P\,=\,0.671). Likewise, no significant differences between groups are found for secondary outcomes (namely pain, anxiety, depression, and overall productivity impairment). This RCT demonstrates that a remote digital intervention for CLBP can promote the same levels of recovery as evidence-based in-person physiotherapy, being a potential avenue to ease the burden of CLBP.},
  copyright = {2023 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Chronic pain,MSHIcapstone,Orthopaedics,Randomized controlled trials,Rehabilitation},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/XN8S4H9Z/Cui et al. - 2023 - Randomized-controlled trial assessing a digital ca.pdf}
}

@article{cumminsWillUnitedStates2024,
  title = {Will the {{United States}} Pass on Telemedicine Progress?},
  author = {Cummins, Mollie R and Ivanova, Julia and Ong, Triton and Soni, Hiral and Barrera, Janelle F and Wilczewski, Hattie and Welch, Brandon M and Bunnell, Brian E},
  year = {2024},
  month = apr,
  journal = {JAMIA Open},
  volume = {7},
  number = {1},
  pages = {ooae016},
  issn = {2574-2531},
  doi = {10.1093/jamiaopen/ooae016},
  urldate = {2024-04-06},
  abstract = {During the COVID-19 pandemic, federal and state health policies allowed temporary flexibilities for Medicare and Medicaid beneficiaries, leading to a sharp increase in telemedicine use. However, many of the flexibilities that enabled innovation and growth in telemedicine continue temporarily since the federal emergency declaration ended in May 2023, and the United States has not made permanent decisions about telemedicine policy. Analysts have raised concerns about increased spending, program integrity, safety, and equity, and recommend strengthening oversight.Here, we argue that we must continue the flexibilities to better understand telemedicine's quality, safety, and outcomes, and until the United States can develop an evidence-based digital health strategy. A premature regression to pre-pandemic telemedicine policies risks unintended consequences.We must continue the current policy flexibilities, safeguard against fraud and abuse, and immediately prioritize research and evaluation of telemedicine's quality, safety, and outcomes, to avoid unintended consequences and support more permanent policy decision-making.During the COVID-19 pandemic, there were temporary flexibilities in federal and state health policies, rules and regulations that enabled widespread telemedicine use. The United States has realized the potential in improving access to healthcare by integrating telemedicine alongside traditional, in-person healthcare delivery. However, many of the policy flexibilities that enabled innovation and growth in telemedicine continue temporarily since the federal emergency declaration ended in May 2023. The United States has not made permanent decisions about telemedicine policy in the post-pandemic era. Analysts have raised concerns about increased spending, program integrity, safety, and equity, and recommend strengthening oversight. Here, we argue that we must continue the flexibilities indefinitely until we better understand telemedicine's quality, safety, and outcomes, and the United States can develop an evidence-based digital health strategy. In the context of explosive growth in digital health, a premature regression to pre-pandemic telemedicine policies risks unintended consequences, could prevent us from truly understanding telemedicine quality, safety, and outcomes, and would complicate regulatory decision-making for years to come. We must continue the current policy flexibilities, safeguard against fraud and abuse, and immediately prioritize research and evaluation of telemedicine's quality, safety, and outcomes, to avoid unintended consequences and support more permanent policy decision-making.},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/52W3SQB6/Cummins et al. - 2024 - Will the United States pass on telemedicine progress.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/S5GFLCW8/7614500.html}
}

@article{daviesInternationalCoreCapability2021,
  title = {An International Core Capability Framework for Physiotherapists to Deliver Quality Care via Videoconferencing: A {{Delphi}} Study},
  shorttitle = {An International Core Capability Framework for Physiotherapists to Deliver Quality Care via Videoconferencing},
  author = {Davies, Luke and Hinman, Rana S and Russell, Trevor and Lawford, Belinda and Bennell, Kim and Billings, Michael and {Cooper-Oguz}, Carmen and Finnan, Karen and Gallagher, Sarah and Gilbertson, Daniel Kenneth and Holdsworth, Lesley and Holland, Anne and McAlister, Jeremey and Miles, Dan and Roots, Robin},
  year = {2021},
  month = oct,
  journal = {Journal of Physiotherapy},
  volume = {67},
  number = {4},
  pages = {291--297},
  issn = {1836-9553},
  doi = {10.1016/j.jphys.2021.09.001},
  urldate = {2024-06-24},
  abstract = {Question What are the core capabilities that physiotherapists need in order to deliver quality care via videoconferencing? Design A three-round modified e-Delphi survey. Participants An international Delphi panel comprising a Steering Group and experts in the field, including physiotherapy researchers, physiotherapy clinicians, representatives of physiotherapy organisations, and consumers. Methods The draft framework was developed by the research team and Steering Group, based on relevant documents identified within the literature. The panel considered a draft framework of 73 specific capabilities mapped across eight domains. Over three rounds, panellists rated their agreement (Likert or numerical rating scales) on whether each capability was essential (core) for physiotherapists to deliver quality care via videoconferencing. Those capabilities achieving consensus, defined as 75\% of the panel ratings being {$\geq$} 7 out of 10 in Round 3, were retained. Results A total of 130 panellists from 32 countries participated in Round 1, with retention rates of 65\% and 60\% in Rounds 2 and 3, respectively. The final framework comprised 60 capabilities across seven domains: compliance (n~= 7 capabilities); patient privacy and confidentiality (n~= 4); patient safety (n~= 7); technology skills (n~= 7); telehealth delivery (n~= 16); assessment and diagnosis (n~= 7); and care planning and management (n~= 12). Conclusion This framework outlines the specific core capabilities required of physiotherapists to provide quality care via videoconferencing. The core capability framework provides guidance for physiotherapists to deliver care via videoconferencing and will help inform future development of physiotherapy curricula and professional development initiatives in the delivery of telehealth.},
  keywords = {curriculum,education,obsidian,Physical therapy,read,Rehabilitation,Telehealth,Telemedicine,Videoconferencing},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/C9D5MVNW/Davies et al. - 2021 - An international core capability framework for physiotherapists to deliver quality care via videocon.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/6NBQPNII/S1836955321000990.html}
}

@article{davisIntersectionTelemedicineWilderness2022,
  title = {The {{Intersection}} of {{Telemedicine}} and {{Wilderness Care}}: {{Past}}, {{Present}}, and {{Future}}},
  shorttitle = {The {{Intersection}} of {{Telemedicine}} and {{Wilderness Care}}},
  author = {Davis, Christopher B. and Lorentzen, Anne Katherine and Patel, Hemali and Cheung, Dickson and Wright, Angela and Lemery, Jay and Penninga, Luit},
  year = {2022},
  month = apr,
  journal = {Wilderness \& Environmental Medicine},
  volume = {0},
  number = {0},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  issn = {1080-6032, 1545-1534},
  doi = {10.1016/j.wem.2022.02.012},
  urldate = {2022-05-09},
  langid = {english},
  pmid = {35459612},
  keywords = {drones,MSHIcapstone,remote care,remote patient monitoring,telehealth,virtual health,wilderness medicine},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/6N8MGV8Z/Davis et al. - 2022 - The Intersection of Telemedicine and Wilderness Ca.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/R2NUHFPM/fulltext.html}
}

@article{dayEffectsTelehealthdeliveredMindfulness2024,
  title = {The Effects of Telehealth-Delivered Mindfulness Meditation, Cognitive Therapy, and Behavioral Activation for Chronic Low Back Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial},
  shorttitle = {The Effects of Telehealth-Delivered Mindfulness Meditation, Cognitive Therapy, and Behavioral Activation for Chronic Low Back Pain},
  author = {Day, Melissa A and Ciol, Marcia A and Mendoza, M Elena and Borckardt, Jeffrey and Ehde, Dawn M and Newman, Andrea K and Chan, Joy F and Drever, Sydney A and Friedly, Janna L and Burns, John and Thorn, Beverly E and Jensen, Mark P},
  year = {2024},
  month = apr,
  journal = {BMC medicine},
  volume = {22},
  number = {1},
  pages = {156},
  publisher = {BioMed Central},
  address = {England},
  issn = {1741-7015},
  doi = {10.1186/s12916-024-03383-2},
  urldate = {2024-05-22},
  abstract = {Background: Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a significant problem affecting millions of people worldwide. Three widely implemented psychological techniques used for CLBP management are cognitive therapy (CT), mindfulness meditation (MM), and behavioral activation (BA). This study aimed to evaluate the relative immediate (pre- to post-treatment) and longer term (pre-treatment to 3- and 6-month follow-ups) effects of group, videoconference-delivered CT, BA, and MM for CLBP.; Methods: This is a secondary analysis of a three-arm, randomized clinical trial comparing the effects of three active treatments-CT, BA, and MM-with no inert control condition. Participants were N\,=\,302 adults with CLBP, who were randomized to condition. The primary outcome was pain interference, and other secondary outcomes were also examined. The primary study end-point was post-treatment. Intent-to-treat analyses were undertaken for each time point, with the means of the changes in outcomes compared among the three groups using an analysis of variance (ANOVA). Effect sizes and confidence intervals are also reported.; Results: Medium-to-large effect size reductions in pain interference were found within BA, CT, and MM (ds from\,-\,.71 to\,-\,1.00), with gains maintained at both follow-up time points. Effect sizes were generally small to medium for secondary outcomes for all three conditions (ds from\,-\,.20 to\,-\,.71). No significant between-group differences in means or changes in outcomes were found at any time point, except for change in sleep disturbance from pre- to post-treatment, improving more in BA than MM (d\,=\,\,-\,.49).; Conclusions: The findings from this trial, one of the largest telehealth trials of psychological treatments to date, critically determined that group, videoconference-delivered CT, BA, and MM are effective for CLBP and can be implemented in clinical practice to improve treatment access. The pattern of results demonstrated similar improvements across treatments and outcome domains, with effect sizes consistent with those observed in prior research testing in-person delivered and multi-modal psychological pain treatments. Thus, internet treatment delivery represents a tool to scale up access to evidence-based chronic pain treatments and to overcome widespread disparities in healthcare.; Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT03687762. ({\copyright} 2024. The Author(s).)},
  keywords = {Adult,chronic low back pain,Cognitive Behavioral Therapy*,Humans,Low Back Pain*/therapy,Meditation*,Mindfulness*,MSHIcapstone,Psychological treatment,Randomized clinical trial,Telehealth,Telemedicine*},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/WJ555UWP/Day et al. - 2024 - The effects of telehealth-delivered mindfulness meditation, cognitive therapy, and behavioral activa.pdf}
}

@article{derbyshireChiropracticManualTherapy2021,
  title = {``{{Chiropractic}} Is Manual Therapy, Not Talk Therapy'': A Qualitative Analysis Exploring Perceived Barriers to Remote Consultations by Chiropractors},
  author = {Derbyshire, Shane and Field, Jonathan and Vennik, Jane and Sanders, Marc and Newell, Dave},
  year = {2021},
  month = dec,
  journal = {Chiropractic \& manual therapies},
  volume = {29},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1--8},
  publisher = {BioMed Central},
  doi = {10.1186/s12998-021-00404-2},
  abstract = {Background Remote consultations (RCs) enable clinicians to continue to support patients when face-to-face appointments are not possible. Restrictions to face-to-face care during the COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated a pre-existing trend for their adoption. This is true for many health professionals including some chiropractors. Whilst most chiropractors in the UK have used RCs in some form during the pandemic, others have not. This study seeks to understand the views of chiropractors not using RCs and to explore perceived potential barriers. Methods A national online survey was completed by 534 registered practicing UK chiropractors on the use of RCs. Respondents had the opportunity of providing open-ended responses concerning lack of engagement in RCs during the COVID-19 pandemic. Textual responses obtained from 137 respondents were coded and analysed using thematic analysis. Results The use of RCs provided an opportunity for chiropractors to deliver ongoing care during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, many chiropractors expressed concern that RCs misaligned with their strong professional identity of providing `hands-on' care. Some chiropractors also perceived that patients expected physical interventions during chiropractic care and thus considered a lack of demand when direct contact is not possible. In the absence of a physical examination, some chiropractors had concerns about potential misdiagnosis, and perceived lack of diagnostic information with which to guide treatment. Clinic closures and change in working environment led to practical difficulties of providing remote care for a few chiropractors. Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic may have accelerated changes in the way healthcare is provided with RCs becoming more commonplace in primary healthcare provision. This paper highlights perceived barriers which may lead to reduced utilisation of RCs by chiropractors, some of which appear fundamental to their perceived identity, whilst others are likely amenable to change with training and experience.},
  date-added = {2021-11-30T19:45:28GMT},
  date-modified = {2022-03-21T19:10:30GMT},
  langid = {english},
  local-url = {file://localhost/Users/nately/Dropbox/Articles/Library.papers3/C/2021/Derbyshire/2021\%20Derbyshire\%20Chiropr\%20Man\%20Therap.pdf},
  rating = {0},
  uri = {papers3://publication/doi/10.1186/s12998-021-00404-2},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/LPMMUH7Z/2021 Derbyshire Chiropr Man Therap.pdf}
}

@misc{DigitalMusculoskeletalImpact,
  title = {Digital Musculoskeletal Impact on Medical Claims: 136 Employer Study},
  publisher = {Hinge Health},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/ALRR2D4I/Hinge_Health___136_employer_study___2023_Jan_23.pdf}
}

@article{doarnThing1Thing2017,
  title = {Thing 1 and {{Thing}} 2: {{Psychology}} and {{Engagement}} in {{Telehealth}}},
  shorttitle = {Thing 1 and {{Thing}} 2},
  author = {Doarn, Charles R. and Merrell, Ronald C.},
  year = {2017},
  month = nov,
  journal = {Telemedicine and e-Health},
  volume = {23},
  number = {11},
  pages = {875--876},
  publisher = {Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers},
  issn = {1530-5627},
  doi = {10.1089/tmj.2017.29013.crd},
  urldate = {2024-06-10},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/7QVGJ8GM/Doarn and Merrell - 2017 - Thing 1 and Thing 2 Psychology and Engagement in Telehealth.pdf}
}

@misc{EcammLive,
  title = {Ecamm {{Live}}},
  urldate = {2024-07-24},
  abstract = {Powerful Facebook, YouTube, Instagram, X, Twitch, and LinkedIn Livestreaming platform for Mac.},
  howpublished = {Ecamm Network, LLC},
  annotation = {Powerful Live Streaming Platform for Mac},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/YYDXANJM/www.ecamm.com.html}
}

@inproceedings{elafiRiseVideoGameLive2021,
  title = {The {{Rise}} of {{Video-Game Live Streaming}}: {{Motivations}} and {{Forms}} of {{Viewer Engagement}}},
  shorttitle = {The {{Rise}} of {{Video-Game Live Streaming}}},
  booktitle = {{{HCI International}} 2021 - {{Posters}}},
  author = {El Afi, Fouad and Ouiddad, Smail},
  editor = {Stephanidis, Constantine and Antona, Margherita and Ntoa, Stavroula},
  year = {2021},
  pages = {156--163},
  publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
  address = {Cham},
  doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-78645-8_20},
  abstract = {Encouraged by the technological breakthrough of the hyper-modern era, social livestreaming has arisen as one of the most engaging communities in recent years, enabling live content production and instant based interaction. As a result, with the growing popularity of the gaming industry, video game live streaming is expected to induce a new and yet unprecedented surge in the digital landscape, especially with the development of online platforms, such as Twitch.TV, YouTube gaming and Facebook Gaming etc., allowing a real-time content dissemination and consumption. Therefore, with the proliferation of video game live streaming and the increasing number of gamers and professional players worldwide, this paper examines viewer engagement in live video-game streaming platforms. Although few researchers have addressed the subject, our aim is to outline users' motivations, as highlighted in the literature, as well as forms of engagement in these services through a case study of Twitch.TV and YouTube Gaming platforms. Moreover, as discussed in communication and social computing literature, we address the importance of chat messages through IRC in fostering simultaneous interaction with the streamer and other peers.},
  isbn = {978-3-030-78645-8},
  langid = {english},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/MSRC4AE4/El Afi and Ouiddad - 2021 - The Rise of Video-Game Live Streaming Motivations and Forms of Viewer Engagement.pdf}
}

@misc{Elicit2024,
  title = {Elicit},
  year = {2024},
  journal = {Elicit.com},
  urldate = {2025-07-04},
  howpublished = {https://elicit.com/},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/5A2TMTXW/elicit.com.html}
}

@article{ernstzenYouMustUnderstand2022,
  title = {"{{So}}, You Must Understand That That Group Changed Everything": Perspectives on a Telehealth Group Intervention for Individuals with Chronic Pain},
  shorttitle = {"{{So}}, You Must Understand That That Group Changed Everything"},
  author = {Ernstzen, Dawn and Keet, Janet and Louw, Kerry-Ann and {Park-Ross}, Jocelyn and Pask, Lorien and Reardon, Cameron and Zway, Maia and Parker, Romy},
  year = {2022},
  month = jun,
  journal = {BMC musculoskeletal disorders},
  volume = {23},
  number = {1},
  pages = {538},
  publisher = {BioMed Central},
  address = {England},
  issn = {1471-2474},
  doi = {10.1186/s12891-022-05467-7},
  urldate = {2024-05-22},
  abstract = {Background: The Patient Education Empowerment Programme (PEEP) is an interdisciplinary group intervention for people living with chronic pain. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, lockdown and restrictions on in-person group-based health care delivery in South Africa, PEEP was modified to a telehealth electronic format (ePEEP) and offered to patients on a waiting list at two interdisciplinary chronic pain clinics in Cape Town, South Africa. The purpose of this study was to explore the feasibility and acceptability of ePEEP through the perspectives of individuals with chronic pain who participated in ePEEP.~ METHODS: A qualitative, exploratory descriptive study was conducted. One month after completion of the 6-week ePEEP programme, individuals who participated, were recruited for the study. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Data analysis followed an iterative process of inductive content analysis.~ RESULTS: Six individuals, all women, consented and participated in the study. Three main themes emerged from the data. Theme one focussed on how ePEEP initiated a journey of personal development and discovery within the participants. In theme two, participants reflected on the importance and value of building peer and therapeutic relationships as part of ePEEP. In theme 3, participants shared that the online learning environment had~features which influenced learning about pain in different ways.; Conclusion: ePEEP was found to be acceptable, feasible and valuable for the participants. ePEEP facilitated self-discovery, empowerment, relationship building and transformation in the participants, through experiential learning. Although barriers and facilitators to learning were present, both enhanced the learning experience. The positive reception of this telehealth initiative indicates potential for enhanced access to chronic pain management services in the South African setting. ({\copyright} 2022. The Author(s).)},
  keywords = {Chronic pain,Chronic pain management programmes,Communicable Disease Control,COVID-19,Female,Humans,MSHIcapstone,obsidian,Pandemics,Patient experience,Qualitative,South Africa,Telehealth,Telemedicine},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/8RCJT6NY/Ernstzen et al. - 2022 - So, you must understand that that group changed everything perspectives on a telehealth group int.pdf}
}

@article{fandimOneStepTime2023,
  title = {One Step at a Time. {{Shaping}} Consensus on Research Priorities and Terminology in Telehealth in Musculoskeletal Pain: An International Modified e-{{Delphi}} Study},
  shorttitle = {One Step at a Time. {{Shaping}} Consensus on Research Priorities and Terminology in Telehealth in Musculoskeletal Pain},
  author = {Fandim, Junior V. and Hinman, Rana S. and {\O}ver{\aa}s, Cecilie K. and Sharma, Saurab and Belton, Joletta and Oliveira, Vin{\'i}cius C. and Dear, Blake F. and Parker, Romy and Ghai, Babita and Bennell, Kim L. and Ferreira, Paulo and Hartvigsen, Jan and Saragiotto, Bruno T.},
  year = {2023},
  month = oct,
  journal = {BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders},
  volume = {24},
  number = {1},
  pages = {783},
  issn = {1471-2474},
  doi = {10.1186/s12891-023-06866-0},
  urldate = {2024-06-26},
  abstract = {Telehealth has emerged as an alternative model for treatment delivery and has become an important component of health service delivery. However, there is inconsistency in the use of terminologies and a lack of research priorities in telehealth in musculoskeletal pain. The purpose of this international, multidisciplinary expert panel assembled in a modified three-round e-Delphi survey is to achieve a consensus on research priorities and for the standard terminology for musculoskeletal pain telehealth practice.},
  keywords = {Delphi technique,Musculoskeletal pain,Research priorities,Telehealth,Telerehabilitation,Terminology},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/EMJGVB4V/Fandim et al. - 2023 - One step at a time. Shaping consensus on research priorities and terminology in telehealth in muscul.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/XKYHSMV7/s12891-023-06866-0.html}
}

@article{fernandesMyOwnPace2022,
  title = {At My Own Pace, Space, and Place: A Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies of Enablers and Barriers to Telehealth Interventions for People with Chronic Pain},
  shorttitle = {At My Own Pace, Space, and Place},
  author = {Fernandes, L{\'i}via G. and Devan, Hemakumar and Fioratti, Iuri and Kamper, Steven J. and Williams, Christopher M. and Saragiotto, Bruno T.},
  year = {2022},
  month = feb,
  journal = {PAIN},
  volume = {163},
  number = {2},
  pages = {e165},
  issn = {0304-3959},
  doi = {10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002364},
  urldate = {2024-03-26},
  abstract = {Telehealth is a promising approach to support self-management with the potential to overcome geographical barriers. Understanding patient perspectives will identify practical challenges to delivering self-management strategies by telehealth. The aim of this study was to synthesize the perceptions of people with chronic musculoskeletal pain for engaging in interventions delivered using telehealth. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, LILACS, and PsycINFO databases. We included qualitative studies that explored perceptions or experiences or attitudes of people with chronic musculoskeletal pain engaging with telehealth. We assessed the methodological quality using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklist. Meta-synthesis was guided by a thematic synthesis approach. The level of confidence of review findings was assessed using the Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative Studies (GRADE-CERQual). Twenty-one studies were included (n = 429). Telehealth comprised web-based, videoconference-based, telephone-based, video-based, and smartphone app--based programs delivered solely or combined. Chronic musculoskeletal conditions included people with knee or hip osteoarthritis, chronic low back pain, persistent pain (chronic joint pain or nonspecific chronic musculoskeletal pain), rheumatoid arthritis, and functional fatigue syndrome. The enablers for engaging in telehealth interventions were as follows: (1) ``at my own pace, space, and place'' and (2) empowered patient. Barriers to engaging in telehealth interventions were as follows: (1) impersonal, (2) technological challenges, (3) irrelevant content, and (4) limited digital (health) literacy. Telehealth interventions with well-designed interactive platforms, flexibility to fit patients' routine, and the broad availability of material may favor better engagement. Encouragement of self-efficacy is linked to successful telehealth-delivered self-management programs.},
  langid = {american},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone,telehealth},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/GWKAM5NC/Fernandes et al. - 2022 - At my own pace, space, and place a systematic rev.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/JZHMJL8G/at_my_own_pace,_space,_and_place__a_systematic.18.html}
}

@article{fernandesWhatExtentCan2021,
  title = {To What Extent Can Telerehabilitation Help Patients in Low- and Middle-Income Countries?},
  author = {Fernandes, L{\'i}via G and Saragiotto, Bruno T},
  year = {2021},
  month = sep,
  journal = {Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy},
  volume = {25},
  number = {5},
  pages = {481--483},
  doi = {10.1016/j.bjpt.2020.11.004},
  affiliation = {Masters and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de S{\~a}o Paulo, Rua Ces{\'a}rio Galero, 448, Tatuap{\'e}, CEP: 03071-000, S{\~a}o Paulo, SP, Brazil.},
  date-added = {2022-02-28T21:38:09GMT},
  date-modified = {2022-04-13T21:59:47GMT},
  langid = {english},
  pmcid = {PMC8522978},
  pmid = {33262081},
  rating = {0},
  read = {Yes},
  uri = {papers3://publication/doi/10.1016/j.bjpt.2020.11.004},
  keywords = {Brazil,Global Health,MSHIcapstone,obsidian,read,Rehabilitation,telehealth},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/HAJ5RSYI/Fernandes and Saragiotto - 2021 - To what extent can telerehabilitation help patient.pdf}
}

@article{fernandezBiopsychosocialApproachesTelerehabilitation2022,
  title = {Biopsychosocial Approaches to Telerehabilitation for Chronic Primary Musculoskeletal Pain: {{A}} Real Possibility for Physical Therapists, That Is Here to Stay},
  shorttitle = {Biopsychosocial Approaches to Telerehabilitation for Chronic Primary Musculoskeletal Pain},
  author = {Fernandez, Jessica and Lunkes, Luciana Crepaldi and {Meziat-Filho}, Ney},
  year = {2022},
  journal = {Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy},
  volume = {26},
  number = {1},
  pages = {100350},
  issn = {1413-3555},
  doi = {10.1016/j.bjpt.2021.04.011},
  urldate = {2023-07-14},
  pmcid = {PMC8987318},
  pmid = {34001421},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/J59SP2GB/Fernandez et al. - 2022 - Biopsychosocial approaches to telerehabilitation f.pdf}
}

@article{fernandezGLABackAustralia2022,
  title = {{{GLA}}:{{D}}{\textregistered} {{Back Australia}}: A Mixed Methods Feasibility Study for Implementation},
  author = {Fernandez, Matthew and Young, Anika and Kongsted, Alice and Hartvigsen, Jan and Barton, Christian and Wallis, Jason and Kent, Peter and Kawchuk, Greg and Jenkins, Hazel and Hancock, Mark and French, Simon D},
  year = {2022},
  month = dec,
  journal = {Chiropractic \& manual therapies},
  volume = {30},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1--12},
  publisher = {BioMed Central},
  doi = {10.1186/s12998-022-00427-3},
  abstract = {Background Practice-based guidelines recommend patient education and exercise as first-line care for low back pain (LBP); however, these recommendations are not routinely delivered in practice. GLA:D{\textregistered} Back, developed in Denmark to assist clinicians to implement guideline recommendations, offers a structured education and supervised exercise program for people with LBP in addition to a clinical registry to evaluate patient outcomes. In this study we evaluated the feasibility of implementing the GLA:D{\textregistered} Back program in Australia. We considered clinician and patient recruitment and retention, program fidelity, exploring clinicians' and patients' experiences with the program, and participant outcome data collection. Methods Clinicians (chiropractors and physiotherapists) were recruited and participated in a 2-day GLA:D{\textregistered} Back training course. Patients were eligible to participate if they had persistent or recurrent LBP. Feasibility domains included the ability to: (1) recruit clinicians to undergo training; (2) recruit and retain patients in the program; (3) observe program fidelity; and (4) perceive barriers and facilitators for GLA:D{\textregistered} Back implementation. We also collected data related to: (5) clinician confidence, attitudes, and behaviour; and (6) patient self-reported outcomes related to pain, disability, and performance tests. Results Twenty clinicians (8 chiropractors, 12 physiotherapists) participated in the training, with 55\% (11/20) offering GLA:D{\textregistered} Back to their patients. Fifty-seven patients were enrolled in the program, with 67\% (38/57) attending the final follow-up assessment. Loss to follow up was mainly due to the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. We observed program fidelity, with clinicians generally delivering the program as intended. Interviews revealed two clinician themes related to: (i) intervention acceptability; and (ii) barriers and facilitators to implementation. Patient interviews revealed themes related to: (i) intervention acceptability; and (ii) program efficacy. At 3 months follow-up, clinicians demonstrated high treatment confidence and biomedical orientation. Patient outcomes trended towards improvement. Conclusion GLA:D{\textregistered} Back implementation in Australia appears feasible based on clinician recruitment, program acceptability and potential benefits for patient outcomes from the small sample of participating clinicians and patients. However, COVID-19 impacted patient recruitment, retention, and data collection. To scale-up GLA:D{\textregistered} Back in private and public settings, further work is warranted to address associated barriers, and to leverage facilitators.},
  date-added = {2022-04-13T22:05:52GMT},
  date-modified = {2022-04-30T18:19:00GMT},
  langid = {english},
  local-url = {file://localhost/Users/nately/Dropbox/Articles/Library.papers3/Files/14/14FBA422-5034-4B62-BCF8-CD5BEA8DEE97.pdf},
  rating = {0},
  uri = {papers3://publication/doi/10.1186/s12998-022-00427-3},
  keywords = {GLA:D Back,GLAD,MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/48C5ZFN6/Fernandez et al. - 2022 - GLAD® Back Australia a mixed methods feasibility.pdf}
}

@article{ferreiraGlobalRegionalNational2023,
  title = {Global, Regional, and National Burden of Low Back Pain, 1990--2020, Its Attributable Risk Factors, and Projections to 2050: A Systematic Analysis of the {{Global Burden}} of {{Disease Study}} 2021},
  shorttitle = {Global, Regional, and National Burden of Low Back Pain, 1990--2020, Its Attributable Risk Factors, and Projections to 2050},
  author = {Ferreira, Manuela L. and de Luca, Katie and Haile, Lydia M. and Steinmetz, Jaimie D. and Culbreth, Garland T. and Cross, Marita and Kopec, Jacek A. and Ferreira, Paulo H. and Blyth, Fiona M. and Buchbinder, Rachelle and Hartvigsen, Jan and Wu, Ai-Min and Safiri, Saeid and Woolf, Anthony D. and Collins, Gary S. and Ong, Kanyin Liane and Vollset, Stein Emil and Smith, Amanda E. and Cruz, Jessica A. and Fukutaki, Kai Glenn and Abate, Semagn Mekonnen and Abbasifard, Mitra and {Abbasi-Kangevari}, Mohsen and {Abbasi-Kangevari}, Zeinab and Abdelalim, Ahmed and Abedi, Aidin and Abidi, Hassan and Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah and Ahmadi, Ali and Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola and Alamer, Abayneh Tadesse and Alem, Adugnaw Zeleke and Alimohamadi, Yousef and Alshehri, Mansour Abdullah and Alshehri, Mohammed Mansour and Alzahrani, Hosam and Amini, Saeed and Amiri, Sohrab and Amu, Hubert and Andrei, Catalina Liliana and Andrei, Tudorel and Antony, Benny and Arabloo, Jalal and Arulappan, Judie and Arumugam, Ashokan and Ashraf, Tahira and Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin and Awoke, Nefsu and Azadnajafabad, Sina and B{\"a}rnighausen, Till Winfried and Barrero, Lope H. and Barrow, Amadou and Barzegar, Akbar and Bearne, Lindsay M. and Bensenor, Isabela M. and Berhie, Alemshet Yirga and Bhandari, Bharti Bhandari and Bhojaraja, Vijayalakshmi S. and Bijani, Ali and Bodicha, Belay Boda Abule and Bolla, Srinivasa Rao and {Brazo-Sayavera}, Javier and Briggs, Andrew M. and Cao, Chao and Charalampous, Periklis and Chattu, Vijay Kumar and Cicuttini, Flavia M. and Clarsen, Benjamin and Cuschieri, Sarah and Dadras, Omid and Dai, Xiaochen and Dandona, Lalit and Dandona, Rakhi and Dehghan, Azizallah and Demie, Takele Gezahegn G. and {Denova-Guti{\'e}rrez}, Edgar and Dewan, Syed Masudur Rahman and Dharmaratne, Samath Dhamminda and Dhimal, Mandira Lamichhane and Dhimal, Meghnath and Diaz, Daniel and Didehdar, Mojtaba and Digesa, Lankamo Ena and Diress, Mengistie and Do, Hoa Thi and Doan, Linh Phuong and Ekholuenetale, Michael and Elhadi, Muhammed and Eskandarieh, Sharareh and Faghani, Shahriar and Fares, Jawad and Fatehizadeh, Ali and Fetensa, Getahun and Filip, Irina and Fischer, Florian and Franklin, Richard Charles and Ganesan, Balasankar and Gemeda, Belete Negese Belete and Getachew, Motuma Erena and Ghashghaee, Ahmad and Gill, Tiffany K. and Golechha, Mahaveer and Goleij, Pouya and Gupta, Bhawna and {Hafezi-Nejad}, Nima and {Haj-Mirzaian}, Arvin and Hamal, Pawan Kumar and Hanif, Asif and Harlianto, Netanja I. and Hasani, Hamidreza and Hay, Simon I. and Hebert, Jeffrey J. and Heidari, Golnaz and Heidari, Mohammad and {Heidari-Soureshjani}, Reza and Hlongwa, Mbuzeleni Mbuzeleni and Hosseini, Mohammad-Salar and Hsiao, Alexander Kevin and Iavicoli, Ivo and Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel and Ilic, Irena M. and Ilic, Milena D. and Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful and Janodia, Manthan Dilipkumar and Jha, Ravi Prakash and Jindal, Har Ashish and Jonas, Jost B. and Kabito, Gebisa Guyasa and Kandel, Himal and Kaur, Rimple Jeet and Keshri, Vikash Ranjan and Khader, Yousef Saleh and Khan, Ejaz Ahmad and Khan, Md Jobair and Khan, Moien AB and Kashani, Hamid Reza Khayat and Khubchandani, Jagdish and Kim, Yun Jin and Kisa, Adnan and Klugarov{\'a}, Jitka and Kolahi, Ali-Asghar and Koohestani, Hamid Reza and Koyanagi, Ai and Kumar, G. Anil and Kumar, Narinder and Lallukka, Tea and Lasrado, Savita and Lee, Wei-Chen and Lee, Yo Han and Mahmoodpoor, Ata and {Malag{\'o}n-Rojas}, Jeadran N. and Malekpour, Mohammad-Reza and Malekzadeh, Reza and Malih, Narges and Mehndiratta, Man Mohan and Nasab, Entezar Mehrabi and Menezes, Ritesh G. and Mentis, Alexios-Fotios A. and Mesregah, Mohamed Kamal and Miller, Ted R. and {Mirza-Aghazadeh-Attari}, Mohammad and Mobarakabadi, Maryam and Mohammad, Yousef and Mohammadi, Esmaeil and Mohammed, Shafiu and Mokdad, Ali H. and Momtazmanesh, Sara and Monasta, Lorenzo and Moni, Mohammad Ali and Mostafavi, Ebrahim and Murray, Christopher J. L. and Nair, Tapas Sadasivan and Nazari, Javad and Nejadghaderi, Seyed Aria and Neupane, Subas and Kandel, Sandhya Neupane and Nguyen, Cuong Tat and Nowroozi, Ali and {Okati-Aliabad}, Hassan and Omer, Emad and Oulhaj, Abderrahim and Owolabi, Mayowa O. and {Panda-Jonas}, Songhomitra and Pandey, Anamika and Park, Eun-Kee and Pawar, Shrikant and Pedersini, Paolo and Pereira, Jeevan and Peres, Mario F. P. and Petcu, Ionela-Roxana and Pourahmadi, Mohammadreza and Radfar, Amir and {Rahimi-Dehgolan}, Shahram and {Rahimi-Movaghar}, Vafa and Rahman, Mosiur and Rahmani, Amir Masoud and Rajai, Nazanin and Rao, Chythra R. and Rashedi, Vahid and Rashidi, Mohammad-Mahdi and Ratan, Zubair Ahmed and Rawaf, David Laith and Rawaf, Salman and Renzaho, Andre M. N. and Rezaei, Negar and Rezaei, Zahed and Roever, Leonardo and Ruela, Guilherme de Andrade and Saddik, Basema and Sahebkar, Amirhossein and Salehi, Sana and Sanmarchi, Francesco and Sepanlou, Sadaf G. and Shahabi, Saeed and Shahrokhi, Shayan and Shaker, Elaheh and Shamsi, MohammadBagher and Shannawaz, Mohammed and Sharma, Saurab and Shaygan, Maryam and Sheikhi, Rahim Ali and Shetty, Jeevan K. and Shiri, Rahman and Shivalli, Siddharudha and Shobeiri, Parnian and Sibhat, Migbar Mekonnen and Singh, Ambrish and Singh, Jasvinder A. and Slater, Helen and Solmi, Marco and Somayaji, Ranjani and Tan, Ker-Kan and Thapar, Rekha and Tohidast, Seyed Abolfazl and Tahbaz, Sahel Valadan and Valizadeh, Rohollah and Vasankari, Tommi Juhani and Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy and Vlassov, Vasily and Vo, Bay and Wang, Yuan-Pang and Wiangkham, Taweewat and Yadav, Lalit and Yadollahpour, Ali and Jabbari, Seyed Hossein Yahyazadeh and Yang, Lin and Yazdanpanah, Fereshteh and Yonemoto, Naohiro and Younis, Mustafa Z. and Zare, Iman and Zarrintan, Armin and Zoladl, Mohammad and Vos, Theo and March, Lyn M.},
  year = {2023},
  month = jun,
  journal = {The Lancet Rheumatology},
  volume = {5},
  number = {6},
  pages = {e316-e329},
  issn = {2665-9913},
  doi = {10.1016/S2665-9913(23)00098-X},
  urldate = {2023-05-23},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/WAPIX5DK/Ferreira et al. - 2023 - Global, regional, and national burden of low back pain, 1990–2020, its attributable risk factors, and projections to 2050 a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.pdf}
}

@article{fraterImpactAudioSubjective2001,
  title = {Impact of Audio on Subjective Assessment of Video Quality in Videoconferencing Applications},
  author = {Frater, M.R. and Arnold, J.F. and Vahedian, A.},
  year = {2001},
  month = sep,
  journal = {IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology},
  volume = {11},
  number = {9},
  pages = {1059--1062},
  issn = {10518215},
  doi = {10.1109/76.946522},
  urldate = {2024-06-02},
  copyright = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplorehelp/downloads/license-information/IEEE.html},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/RF26CSRZ/Frater et al. - 2001 - Impact of audio on subjective assessment of video quality in videoconferencing applications.pdf}
}

@article{friedmanPeelingMusculoskeletalLabels2021,
  title = {Peeling off Musculoskeletal Labels: Sticks and Stones May Break My Bones, but Diagnostic Labels Can Hamstring Me Forever},
  shorttitle = {Peeling off Musculoskeletal Labels},
  author = {Friedman, Daniel Jonah and Tulloh, Louise and Khan, Karim M.},
  year = {2021},
  month = nov,
  journal = {British Journal of Sports Medicine},
  volume = {55},
  number = {21},
  pages = {1184--1185},
  publisher = {{BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine}},
  issn = {0306-3674, 1473-0480},
  doi = {10.1136/bjsports-2021-103998},
  urldate = {2024-09-25},
  abstract = {Overdiagnosis in healthcare is a problem. A big one. Clinicians are skilled at labelling people in ways that do not necessarily benefit them. Too often we create harms from unnecessary labels and subsequent treatments that waste healthcare resources. Learning from Preventing Overdiagnosis conferences, Choosing Wisely1, the BMJ's Too Much Medicine2 and JAMA's Less is More3 campaigns, we opine that sport and exercise medicine is not exempt from overlabelling. For clinicians and researchers, a single label captures a textbook chapter's worth of information. It helps characterise and organise peoples' conditions within definable boundaries. Just as a patient wants to find a cause for their woes, we clinicians pride ourselves on identifying it. If a label can legitimise an individual's experience, provide identity, and enable external support through access to services and insurance, what's not to love? Why don't we clinicians quickly and indelibly punch the label into a patient's electronic medical record? There is a dark side to the face of the diagnostic label. A label implies that the clinician knows the specific tissue pathology that is causing pain or dysfunction. In sport and exercise medicine, accurate tissue or pathoanatomical (`structural') diagnosis is often impossible; when a person presents with low back or knee pain, special {\dots}},
  chapter = {Editorial},
  copyright = {{\copyright} Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See:~http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.},
  langid = {english},
  pmid = {33958389},
  keywords = {diagnosis,evidence based,sports and exercise medicine},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/AFAY75YT/Friedman et al. - 2021 - Peeling off musculoskeletal labels sticks and stones may break my bones, but diagnostic labels can.pdf}
}

@misc{gibbons5StrategiesPresenting2017,
  title = {5 {{Strategies}} for {{Presenting UX Remotely}}},
  author = {Gibbons, Sarah},
  year = {2017},
  month = sep,
  journal = {Nielsen Norman Group},
  urldate = {2024-06-02},
  abstract = {Resonate with your remote audience by creating the right environment, being human, reducing distractions, taking control, and telling a story.},
  langid = {english},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/PYD2MQCZ/presenting-remotely.html}
}

@article{gimiglianoWorldHealthOrganization2017,
  title = {The {{World Health Organization}} "{{Rehabilitation}} 2030: A Call for Action"},
  shorttitle = {The {{World Health Organization}} "{{Rehabilitation}} 2030},
  author = {Gimigliano, Francesca and Negrini, Stefano},
  year = {2017},
  month = may,
  journal = {European Journal of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine},
  volume = {53},
  number = {2},
  issn = {19739087, 19739095},
  doi = {10.23736/S1973-9087.17.04746-3},
  urldate = {2024-07-24},
  langid = {english},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/KKPUYMVB/Gimigliano and Negrini - 2017 - The World Health Organization Rehabilitation 2030 a call for action.pdf}
}

@misc{gittlenEnterpriseGuideVideo2021,
  title = {The {{Enterprise Guide}} to {{Video Conferencing}}},
  author = {Gittlen, Sandra},
  year = {2021},
  month = aug,
  journal = {Unified Communications},
  urldate = {2024-05-19},
  abstract = {Hybrid work environments require re-imagined video conferencing strategies. This guide offers best practices for next-gen enterprise video conferencing.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  annotation = {Summary: The video conferencing guide helps enterprises navigate collaboration in a hybrid work environment and includes best practices for implementation and user training.},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/3SK9FKPD/The-enterprise-guide-to-video-conferencing.html}
}

@article{grecoDesignMethodsOPTIMUM2021,
  title = {The Design and Methods of the {{OPTIMUM}} Study: {{A}} Multisite Pragmatic Randomized Clinical Trial of a Telehealth Group Mindfulness Program for Persons with Chronic Low Back Pain},
  shorttitle = {The Design and Methods of the {{OPTIMUM}} Study},
  author = {Greco, Carol M. and Gaylord, Susan A. and Faurot, Kim and Weinberg, Janice M. and Gardiner, Paula and Roth, Isabel and Barnhill, Jessica L. and Thomas, Holly N. and Dhamne, Sayali C. and Lathren, Christine and Baez, Jose E. and Lawrence, Suzanne and Neogi, Tuhina and Lasser, Karen E. and Castro, Maria Gabriela and White, Anna Marie and Simmons, Sandra Jean and Ferrao, Cleopatra and Binda, Dhanesh D. and Elhadidy, Nandie and Eason, Kelly M. and McTigue, Kathleen M. and Morone, Natalia E.},
  year = {2021},
  month = oct,
  journal = {Contemporary Clinical Trials},
  volume = {109},
  pages = {106545},
  issn = {1551-7144},
  doi = {10.1016/j.cct.2021.106545},
  urldate = {2024-05-22},
  abstract = {Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) is an evidence-based non-pharmacological approach for chronic low back pain (cLBP), yet it is not readily available or reimbursable within primary care clinics. Primary care providers (PCPs) who wish to avoid prescribing opioids and other medications typically have few options for their cLBP patients. We present the protocol of a pragmatic clinical trial entitled OPTIMUM (Optimizing Pain Treatment In Medical settings Using Mindfulness). OPTIMUM is offered online via telehealth and includes medical group visits (MGV) with a PCP and a mindfulness meditation intervention modeled on MBSR for persons with cLBP. In diverse health-care settings in the US, such as a safety net hospital, federally qualified health centers, and a large academic health system, 450 patients will be assigned randomly to the MGV~+~MBSR or to usual PCP care alone. Participants will complete self-report surveys at baseline, following the 8-week program, and at 6- and 12-month follow-up. Health care utilization data will be obtained through electronic health records and via brief monthly surveys completed by participants. The primary outcome measure is the PEG (Pain, enjoyment, and general activity) at the 6-month follow-up. Additionally, we will assess psychological function, healthcare resource use, and opioid prescriptions. This trial, which is part of the NIH HEAL Initiative, has the potential to enhance primary care treatment of cLBP by combining PCP visits with a non-pharmacological treatment modeled on MBSR. Because it is offered online and integrated into primary care, it is expected to be scalable and accessible to underserved patients. Clinical Trials.gov: NCT 04129450.},
  keywords = {chronic low back pain,Medical group visits,Mindfulness meditation,MSHIcapstone,Online intervention,Quadruple aim},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/JHQHWRWD/Greco et al. - 2021 - The design and methods of the OPTIMUM study A multisite pragmatic randomized clinical trial of a te.pdf}
}

@article{grondinClientsSimulatedTeletherapy2022,
  title = {Clients in {{Simulated Teletherapy}} via {{Videoconference Compensate}} for {{Altered Eye Contact When Evaluating Therapist Empathy}}},
  author = {Grondin, Fr{\'e}d{\'e}ric and Lomanowska, Anna M. and Poir{\'e}, Vincent and Jackson, Philip L.},
  year = {2022},
  month = jun,
  journal = {Journal of Clinical Medicine},
  volume = {11},
  number = {12},
  pages = {3461},
  issn = {2077-0383},
  doi = {10.3390/jcm11123461},
  urldate = {2024-05-19},
  abstract = {Eye contact is frequently associated with an increased perception of empathy and telepresence, but the currently used videoconferencing (VC) technologies diminish the possibility of naturally conveying eye contact. This study compared the empathy, telepresence, and eye gaze patterns of clients in simulated VC teletherapy sessions where eye contact was altered or facilitated. Forty-two would-be clients met with one of four therapists in training for one 20-min simulated teletherapy session taking place via VC. The session either altered or facilitated eye contact perception by manipulating the positioning of the webcams and of the clients in their chair. Eye-tracking data focusing on the eyes, face, and general body regions of interest were obtained for 25 clients. The results show that facilitating eye contact in VC did not increase the clients' perceptions of empathy or telepresence. However, empathy was associated with greater time spent looking at the eyes and faces of the therapists, but only in the sessions facilitating eye contact. We suggest that clients successfully rely on other verbal and nonverbal cues to detect therapist empathy when eye contact is altered in teletherapy sessions.},
  pmcid = {PMC9224913},
  pmid = {35743531},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/BDE3GEW4/Grondin et al. - 2022 - Clients in Simulated Teletherapy via Videoconference Compensate for Altered Eye Contact When Evaluat.pdf}
}

@article{haldemanDistanceManagementSpinal2021,
  title = {Distance Management of Spinal Disorders during the {{COVID-19}} Pandemic and beyond: {{Evidence-based}} Patient and Clinician Guides from the Global Spine Care Initiative.},
  author = {Haldeman, Scott and Nordin, Margareta and Tavares, Patricia and Mullerpatan, Rajani and {Kopansky-Giles}, Deborah and Setlhare, Vincent and Chou, Roger and Hurwitz, Eric and Treanor, Caroline and Hartvigsen, Jan and Schneider, Michael and Gay, Ralph and Moss, Jean and Haldeman, Joan and Gryfe, David and Wilkey, Adam and Brown, Richard and Outerbridge, Geoff and Eberspaecher, Stefan and Carroll, Linda and Engelbrecht, Reginald and Graham, Kait and Cashion, Nathan and Ince, Stefanie and Moon, Erin},
  year = {2021},
  month = feb,
  journal = {JMIR Public Health and Surveillance},
  volume = {7},
  number = {2},
  pages = {e25484},
  doi = {10.2196/25484},
  abstract = {BACKGROUND:The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly limited patients' access to care for spine-related symptoms and disorders. However, physical distancing between clinicians and patients with spine-related symptoms is not solely limited to restrictions imposed by pandemic-related lockdowns. In most low- and middle-income countries, as well as many underserved marginalized communities in high-income countries, there is little to no access to clinicians trained in evidence-based care for people experiencing spinal pain. OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study is to describe the development and present the components of evidence-based patient and clinician guides for the management of spinal disorders where in-person care is not available. METHODS:Ultimately, two sets of guides were developed (one for patients and one for clinicians) by extracting information from the published Global Spine Care Initiative (GSCI) papers. An international, interprofessional team of 29 participants from 10 countries on 4 continents participated. The team included practitioners in family medicine, neurology, physiatry, rheumatology, psychology, chiropractic, physical therapy, and yoga, as well as epidemiologists, research methodologists, and laypeople. The participants were invited to review, edit, and comment on the guides in an open iterative consensus process. RESULTS:The Patient Guide is a simple 2-step process. The first step describes the nature of the symptoms or concerns. The second step provides information that a patient can use when considering self-care, determining whether to contact a clinician, or considering seeking emergency care. The Clinician Guide is a 5-step process: (1) Obtain and document patient demographics, location of primary clinical symptoms, and psychosocial information. (2) Review the symptoms noted in the patient guide. (3) Determine the GSCI classification of the patient's spine-related complaints. (4) Ask additional questions to determine the GSCI subclassification of the symptom pattern. (5) Consider appropriate treatment interventions. CONCLUSIONS:The Patient and Clinician Guides are designed to be sufficiently clear to be useful to all patients and clinicians, irrespective of their location, education, professional qualifications, and experience. However, they are comprehensive enough to provide guidance on the management of all spine-related symptoms or disorders, including triage for serious and specific diseases. They are consistent with widely accepted evidence-based clinical practice guidelines. They also allow for adequate documentation and medical record keeping. These guides should be of value during periods of government-mandated physical or social distancing due to infectious diseases, such as during the COVID-19 pandemic. They should also be of value in underserved communities in high-, middle-, and low-income countries where there is a dearth of accessible trained spine care clinicians. These guides have the potential to reduce the overutilization of unnecessary and expensive interventions while empowering patients to self-manage uncomplicated spinal pain with the assistance of their clinician, either through direct in-person consultation or via telehealth communication.},
  affiliation = {World Spine Care, Santa Ana, CA, United States.},
  copyright = {All rights reserved},
  date-added = {2021-02-02T22:40:28GMT},
  date-modified = {2022-03-21T19:10:17GMT},
  langid = {english},
  local-url = {file://localhost/Users/nately/Dropbox/Articles/Library.papers3/J/2021/Haldeman/2021\%20Haldeman\%20JMIR\%20Public\%20Health\%20and\%20Surveillance.pdf},
  pmcid = {PMC7891494},
  pmid = {33471778},
  rating = {0},
  read = {Yes},
  uri = {papers3://publication/doi/10.2196/25484},
  keywords = {low back pain,MSHIcapstone,read,remote,rural,spinal disorders,spine,telehealth,telerehabilitation,virtual care},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/24NCPKY5/2021 Haldeman JMIR Public Health and Surveillance-1.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/EKBIYB65/2021 Haldeman JMIR Public Health and Surveillance.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/SQTEXS23/2021 Haldeman JMIR Public Health and Surveillance.pdf}
}

@misc{haldemanPSPIdentityObligation2023,
  title = {Primary {{Spine Care}}: {{Our Identity}} and {{Obligation}}},
  shorttitle = {{{PSP Identity}} and {{Obligation}}},
  author = {Haldeman, Scott},
  year = {2023},
  month = jun,
  journal = {Dynamic Chiropractic},
  urldate = {2023-06-11},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/TK4JGLRK/59293-primary-spine-care-our-identity-and-obligation.html}
}

@article{haleemTelemedicineHealthcareCapabilities2021,
  title = {Telemedicine for Healthcare: {{Capabilities}}, Features, Barriers, and Applications},
  shorttitle = {Telemedicine for Healthcare},
  author = {Haleem, Abid and Javaid, Mohd and Singh, Ravi Pratap and Suman, Rajiv},
  year = {2021},
  journal = {Sensors International},
  volume = {2},
  pages = {100117},
  issn = {2666-3511},
  doi = {10.1016/j.sintl.2021.100117},
  urldate = {2024-06-26},
  abstract = {Regular hospital visits can be expensive, particularly in rural areas, due to travel costs. In the era of the Covid-19 Pandemic, where physical interaction becomes risky, people prefer telemedicine. Fortunately, medical visits can be reduced when telemedicine services are used through video conferencing or other virtual technologies. Thus, telemedicine saves both the patient's and the health care provider time and the cost of the treatment. Furthermore, due to its fast and advantageous characteristics, it can streamline the workflow of hospitals and clinics. This disruptive technology would make it easier to monitor discharged patients and manage their recovery. As a result, it is sufficient to state that telemedicine can create a win-win situation. This paper aims to explore the significant capabilities, features with treatment workflow, and barriers to the adoption of telemedicine in Healthcare. The paper identifies seventeen significant applications of telemedicine in Healthcare. Telemedicine is described as a medical practitioner to diagnose and treat patients in a remote area. Using health apps for scheduled follow-up visits makes doctors and patients more effective and improves the probability of follow-up, reducing missing appointments and optimising patient outcomes. Patients should have an accurate medical history and show the doctor any prominent rashes, bruises, or other signs that need attention through the excellent quality audio-video system. Further, practitioners need file management and a payment gateway system. Telemedicine technologies allow patients and doctors both to review the treatment process. However, this technology supplements physical consultation and is in no way a substitute for a physical consultation. Today this technology is a safe choice for patients who cannot go to the doctor or sit at home, especially during a pandemic.},
  pmcid = {PMC8590973},
  pmid = {34806053},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/SZG7P3CS/Haleem et al. - 2021 - Telemedicine for healthcare Capabilities, features, barriers, and applications.pdf}
}

@article{hallTelehealthSucceedPrivacy2017,
  title = {For {{Telehealth To Succeed}}, {{Privacy And Security Risks Must Be Identified And Addressed}}},
  author = {Hall, Joseph L. and McGraw, Deven},
  year = {2017},
  month = aug,
  journal = {Health Affairs},
  publisher = {Health Affairs},
  doi = {10.1377/hlthaff.2013.0997},
  urldate = {2024-03-30},
  abstract = {The success of telehealth could be undermined if serious privacy and security risks are not addressed. For example, sensors that are located in a patient's home or that interface with the patient's body to detect safety issues or medical emergencies may inadvertently transmit sensitive information about household activities. Similarly, routine data transmissions from an app or medical device, such as an insulin pump, may be shared with third-party advertisers. Without adequate security and privacy protections for underlying telehealth data and systems, providers and patients will lack trust in the use of telehealth solutions. Although some federal and state guidelines for telehealth security and privacy have been established, many gaps remain. No federal agency currently has authority to enact privacy and security requirements to cover the telehealth ecosystem. This article examines privacy risks and security threats to telehealth applications and summarizes the extent to which technical controls and federal law adequately address these risks. We argue for a comprehensive federal regulatory framework for telehealth, developed and enforced by a single federal entity, the Federal Trade Commission, to bolster trust and fully realize the benefits of telehealth.},
  copyright = {Project HOPE---The People-to-People Health Foundation, Inc.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/S86WYCF5/Hall and McGraw - 2017 - For Telehealth To Succeed, Privacy And Security Ri.pdf}
}

@article{harrisonWhenDoctorsPatients2020,
  title = {When {{Doctors}} and {{Patients Talk About Death Over Zoom}}},
  author = {Harrison, Sara},
  year = {2020},
  month = jun,
  journal = {Wired},
  issn = {1059-1028},
  urldate = {2023-05-25},
  abstract = {During the Covid-19 pandemic, palliative care specialists are discovering that technology can add a lot to these difficult discussions.},
  chapter = {tags},
  langid = {american},
  keywords = {coronavirus,covid-19,death,healthcare,MSHIcapstone,telehealth},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/I7EE5EYF/when-doctors-and-patients-talk-about-death-over-zoom.html}
}

@article{hartvigsenWhatLowBack2018,
  title = {What Low Back Pain Is and Why We Need to Pay Attention},
  author = {Hartvigsen, Jan and Hancock, Mark J and Kongsted, Alice and Louw, Quinette A and Ferreira, Manuela L and Genevay, St{\'e}phane and Hoy, Damian and Karppinen, Jaro and Pransky, Glenn and Sieper, Joachim and Smeets, Rob J and Underwood, Martin},
  year = {2018},
  month = mar,
  journal = {The Lancet},
  volume = {391},
  number = {10137},
  pages = {1--12},
  publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
  issn = {0140-6736},
  doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30480-X},
  abstract = {Low back pain is a very common symptom. It occurs in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries and all age groups from children to the elderly population. Globally, years lived with disability caused by low back pain increased by 54\% between 1990 and 2015, mainly because of population increase and ageing, with the biggest increase seen in low-income and middle-income countries. Low back pain is now the leading cause of disability worldwide. For nearly all people with low back pain, it is not possible to identify a speci c nociceptive cause. Only a small proportion of people have a well understood pathological cause---eg, a vertebral fracture, malignancy, or infection. People with physically demanding jobs, physical and mental comorbidities, smokers, and obese individuals are at greatest risk of reporting low back pain. Disabling low back pain is over-represented among people with low socioeconomic status. Most people with new episodes of low back pain recover quickly; however, recurrence is common and in a small proportion of people, low back pain becomes persistent and disabling. Initial high pain intensity, psychological distress, and accompanying pain at multiple body sites increases the risk of persistent disabling low back pain. Increasing evidence shows that central pain-modulating mechanisms and pain cognitions have important roles in the development of persistent disabling low back pain. Cost, health-care use, and disability from low back pain vary substantially between countries and are in uenced by local culture and social systems, as well as by beliefs about cause and e ect. Disability and costs attributed to low back pain are projected to increase in coming decades, in particular in low-income and middle-income countries, where health and other systems are often fragile and not equipped to cope with this growing burden. Intensi ed research e orts and global initiatives are clearly needed to address the burden of low back pain as a public health problem.},
  date-added = {2018-03-22T00:48:44GMT},
  date-modified = {2022-04-30T18:16:46GMT},
  langid = {english},
  local-url = {file://localhost/Users/nately/Dropbox/Articles/Library.papers3/L/2018/Hartvigsen/2018\%20Hartvigsen\%20The\%20Lancet-1.pdf},
  rating = {0},
  read = {Yes},
  uri = {papers3://publication/doi/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)30480-X},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/ML2Q48SB/Hartvigsen et al. - 2018 - What low back pain is and why we need to pay atten.pdf}
}

@misc{HarvardBusinessReview,
  title = {Harvard {{Business Review}} - {{The Future}} of {{Digital Care Infographic}}},
  journal = {Harvard Business Review},
  urldate = {2023-06-11},
  abstract = {New Harvard Business Review report reveals how combining virtual physical therapy with lifestyle \& behavior changes results in better outcomes.},
  howpublished = {https://www.hingehealth.com/hbr-future-of-digital-care-infographic},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/DM4GZWFJ/Harvard Business Review - The Future of Digital Ca.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/PYQIT2UV/hbr-future-of-digital-care-infographic.html}
}

@techreport{herzlingerSwordHealth2022,
  type = {Case {{Study}}},
  title = {Sword {{Health}}},
  author = {Herzlinger, Regina and Lobb, Annelena},
  year = {2022},
  month = dec,
  number = {Case 323-022},
  institution = {Harvard Business School},
  urldate = {2024-01-18},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone,obsidian},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/5SI28CTC/Herzlinger and Lobb - 2022 - Sword Health.pdf}
}

@article{hinmanSoundsBitCrazy2017,
  title = {``{{Sounds}} a {{Bit Crazy}}, {{But It Was Almost More Personal}}:'' {{A Qualitative Study}} of {{Patient}} and {{Clinician Experiences}} of {{Physical Therapist}}--{{Prescribed Exercise For Knee Osteoarthritis Via Skype}}},
  shorttitle = {``{{Sounds}} a {{Bit Crazy}}, {{But It Was Almost More Personal}}},
  author = {Hinman, R S and Nelligan, Rachel and Bennell, K L and Delany, C.},
  year = {2017},
  month = dec,
  journal = {Arthritis Care \& Research},
  volume = {69},
  number = {12},
  pages = {1834--1844},
  issn = {2151-464X},
  doi = {10.1002/acr.23218},
  urldate = {2024-03-26},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone,telehealth},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/Y7UX28M6/Hinman et al. - 2017 - “Sounds a Bit Crazy, But It Was Almost More Personal” A Qualitative Study of Patient and Clinician.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/PL74KX2J/acr.html}
}

@article{hinmanTelerehabilitationConsultationsPhysiotherapist2024,
  title = {Telerehabilitation Consultations with a Physiotherapist for Chronic Knee Pain versus In-Person Consultations in {{Australia}}: The {{PEAK}} Non-Inferiority Randomised Controlled Trial},
  shorttitle = {Telerehabilitation Consultations with a Physiotherapist for Chronic Knee Pain versus In-Person Consultations in {{Australia}}},
  author = {Hinman, Rana S and Campbell, Penny K and Kimp, Alexander J and Russell, Trevor and Foster, Nadine E and Kasza, Jessica and Harris, Anthony and Bennell, Kim L},
  year = {2024},
  month = mar,
  journal = {The Lancet},
  issn = {0140-6736},
  doi = {10.1016/S0140-6736(23)02630-2},
  urldate = {2024-03-18},
  abstract = {Background Telerehabilitation is perceived as less effective than in-person care for musculoskeletal problems. We aimed to determine if physiotherapy video conferencing consultations were non-inferior to in-person consultations for chronic knee pain. Methods In this non-inferiority randomised controlled trial, we recruited primary care physiotherapists from 27 Australian clinics. Using computer-generated blocks, participants with chronic knee pain consistent with osteoarthritis were randomly assigned (1:1, stratified by physiotherapist and clinic) in-person or telerehabilitation (ie, video conferencing) physiotherapist consultations. Participants and physiotherapists were unmasked to group assignment. Both groups had five consultations over 3 months for strengthening, physical activity, and education. Primary outcomes were knee pain (on a numerical rating scale of 0--10) and physical function (using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index of 0--68) at 3 months after randomisation. Primary analysis was by modified intention-to-treat using all available data. This trial is registered with the Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12619001240134. Findings Between Dec 10, 2019, and June 17, 2022, 394 adults were enrolled, with 204 allocated to in-person care and 190 to telerehabilitation. 15 primary care physiotherapists were recruited. At 3 months, 383 (97\%) participants provided information for primary outcomes and both groups reported improved pain (mean change 2{$\cdot$}98, SD 2{$\cdot$}23 for in-person care and 3{$\cdot$}14, 1{$\cdot$}87 for telerehabilitation) and function (10{$\cdot$}20, 11{$\cdot$}63 and 10{$\cdot$}75, 9{$\cdot$}62, respectively). Telerehabilitation was non-inferior for pain (mean difference 0{$\cdot$}16, 95\% CI --0{$\cdot$}26 to 0{$\cdot$}57) and function (1{$\cdot$}65, --0{$\cdot$}23 to 3{$\cdot$}53). The number of participants reporting adverse events was similar between groups (40 [21\%] for in-person care and 35 [19\%] for telerehabilitation) and none were serious. Interpretation Telerehabilitation with a physiotherapist is non-inferior to in-person care for chronic knee pain. Funding National Health and Medical Research Council.},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/3KQBQRDC/S0140673623026302.html}
}

@article{hirschtrittFourTipsImproving2024,
  title = {Four {{Tips}} for {{Improving Video Telehealth Patient-Clinician Communication}}},
  author = {Hirschtritt, Matthew E. and Kelly, Stephanie},
  year = {2024},
  month = aug,
  journal = {JAMA},
  issn = {0098-7484},
  doi = {10.1001/jama.2024.12211},
  urldate = {2024-08-22},
  abstract = {The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic brought about a rapid shift to virtual medical care. Between March 2019 and June 2020, rates of telehealth (also referred to as telemedicine) use among commercially insured US adults increased from 0.3\% to 23.6\% of all encounters. In the third quarter of 2023, 12\% of Medicare beneficiaries had 1 or more telehealth encounters, decreased from a peak of 47\% in the second quarter of 2020, but still higher than the rate of 7\% in the first quarter of 2020. Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, telehealth rates have been consistently higher among Medicare beneficiaries whose entitlement is due to disability or end-stage kidney disease than for those whose entitlement is due to age. Geographic differences in telehealth use have also been observed, with 1 or more telehealth encounters in 13\% of urban-dwelling beneficiaries compared with 9\% of rural-dwelling beneficiaries in the fourth quarter of 2023.},
  keywords = {CME,communication,Communication,Communication Skills,obsidian,read,telehealth,telemedicine,Telemedicine,TELEMEDICINE,Telemedicine*},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/RE8DWXA2/Hirschtritt and Kelly - 2024 - Four Tips for Improving Video Telehealth Patient-Clinician Communication.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/ZYJZRWKR/2822571.html}
}

@article{hohenschurz-schmidtRemoteManagementMusculoskeletal2020,
  title = {Remote Management of Musculoskeletal Pain: A Pragmatic Approach to the Implementation of Video and Phone Consultations in Musculoskeletal Practice},
  shorttitle = {Remote Management of Musculoskeletal Pain},
  author = {{Hohenschurz-Schmidt}, David and Scott, Whitney and Park, Charlie and Christopoulos, Georgios and Vogel, Steven and {Draper-Rodi}, Jerry},
  year = {November/December 2020},
  journal = {PAIN Reports},
  volume = {5},
  number = {6},
  pages = {e878},
  issn = {2471-2531},
  doi = {10.1097/PR9.0000000000000878},
  urldate = {2024-06-23},
  abstract = {Introduction:~           Remote consultations through phone or video are gaining in importance for the treatment of musculoskeletal pain across a range of health care providers. However, there is a plethora of technical options for practitioners to choose from, and there are various challenges in the adaptation of clinical processes as well as several special considerations regarding regulatory context and patient management. Practitioners are faced with a lack of high-quality peer-reviewed resources to guide the planning and practical implementation of remote consultations.           Objectives:~           This Clinical Update seeks to provide practical guidance for the planning and implementation of remote consultations for the management and treatment of people with musculoskeletal pain.           Methods:~           Recommendations are based on a brief overview of the relevant research regarding phone and video consultations for musculoskeletal practice and derived from the literature, relevant guidelines, and practical experience.           Results:~           The technical feasibility of remote consultations for musculoskeletal complaints is good, patient satisfaction is high, and a growing body of evidence supports its comparative effectiveness to in-person consultations in some circumstances for improving pain and functioning. We consider in detail practical aspects such as the choosing of hardware and software, we touch on the legal and regulatory context, and we focus on the adaptation of clinical processes and communication.           Conclusion:~           This Clinical Update draws together best-practice evidence in a practically applicable format, enabling therapists who are working with people with pain to directly apply this knowledge to their individual clinical settings and the requirements of their patients.},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/QPX9LSCA/painreports-5-e878.pdf}
}

@article{houserPatientClinicalDocumentation2022,
  title = {Patient Clinical Documentation in Telehealth Environment: Are We Collecting Appropriate and Sufficient Information for Best Practice?},
  shorttitle = {Patient Clinical Documentation in Telehealth Environment},
  author = {Houser, Shannon H. and Flite, Cathy A. and Foster, Susan L. and Hunt, Thomas J. and Morey, Angela and Palmer, Miland N. and Peterson, Jennifer and Pope, Roberta Darnez and Sorensen, Linda},
  year = {2022},
  month = jan,
  journal = {mHealth},
  volume = {8},
  pages = {6},
  issn = {2306-9740},
  doi = {10.21037/mhealth-21-30},
  urldate = {2024-02-23},
  abstract = {Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, the use of telehealth for patient visits grew rapidly and served an important role as a valuable and necessary resource. Although clinical documentation is critical for telehealth patient visits, there is limited information about how healthcare facilities manage telehealth patient visit documentation, technology used for telehealth visits, and challenges encountered with telehealth patient visit documentation. This study aimed to assess the use of telehealth during the pandemic, the quality of clinical documentation in telehealth practice and to identify challenges and issues encountered with telehealth patient visits in order to develop a strategy for best practices for telehealth documentation and data management. Methods Data were collected for this cross-sectional study in January-February 2021 via a self-designed survey of administrators/managers from physicians' offices and mental health facilities. Survey questions included four categories: health organization demographic information; telehealth visits; clinical documentation for telehealth visit; and challenges and barriers related to telehealth documentation technology use. Results Of 76 respondents, more than half (62\%) of the healthcare facilities started using telehealth for patient visits within one year of the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, with 94\% of respondents indicating an increased use of telehealth for patient visits since the pandemic. The most common types of telehealth patient care provided during the pandemic included pediatrics, primary care, cardiology, and women's health. The most consistent data documentation of telehealth visits included: date of service, patient identification number, communication methods, patient informed consent, diagnosis and impression, evaluation results, and recommendations. The telehealth visit data was most commonly used for patient care and clinical practice, billing and reimbursement, quality improvement and patient satisfaction, and administrative planning. The top barriers to telehealth use by the healthcare professionals included patient challenges with telehealth services, such as inequities in quality of technology, lack of patient understanding, and lack of patient satisfaction; this was followed by frustration with constant updates of telehealth guidelines and procedures, understanding required telehealth documentation for reimbursement purposes, payer denial for telehealth visits, and legal and risk issues. Conclusions Findings from this study can assist government entities, policymakers, and healthcare organizations in developing and advocating best practices in telehealth usage and clinical documentation improvement strategies.},
  pmcid = {PMC8800202},
  pmid = {35178437},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/WLVLKHJW/Houser et al. - 2022 - Patient clinical documentation in telehealth envir.pdf}
}

@article{houserPrivacySecurityRisk2023,
  title = {Privacy and {{Security Risk Factors Related}} to {{Telehealth Services}} - {{A Systematic Review}}},
  author = {Houser, Shannon H. and Flite, Cathy A. and Foster, Susan L.},
  year = {2023},
  journal = {Perspectives in Health Information Management},
  volume = {20},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1f},
  issn = {1559-4122},
  abstract = {The objective of the study is to identify challenges and associated factors for privacy and security related to telehealth visits during the COVID-19 pandemic. The systematic search strategy used the databases of PubMed, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, Embase, CINAHL, and COCHRANE, with the search terms of telehealth/telemedicine, privacy, security, and confidentiality. Reviews included peer-reviewed empirical studies conducted from January 2020 to February 2022. Studies conducted outside of the US, non-empirical, and non-telehealth related were excluded. Eighteen studies were included in the final analysis. Three risk factors associated with privacy and security in telehealth practice included: environmental factors (lack of private space for vulnerable populations, difficulty sharing sensitive health information remotely), technology factors (data security issues, limited access to the internet, and technology), and operational factors (reimbursement, payer denials, technology accessibility, training, and education). Findings from this study can assist governments, policymakers, and healthcare organizations in developing best practices in telehealth privacy and security strategies.},
  langid = {english},
  pmcid = {PMC9860467},
  pmid = {37215337},
  keywords = {confidentiality,Confidentiality,COVID-19,Humans,MSHIcapstone,Pandemics,privacy,Privacy,Risk Factors,security,telehealth,telemedicine,Telemedicine}
}

@misc{HowMuchMoney2023,
  title = {How {{Much Money Do Twitch Streamers Make}} in 2023?},
  year = {2023},
  month = jul,
  journal = {StreamYard},
  urldate = {2024-06-27},
  abstract = {Learn how much you can make by live streaming on Twitch this year. We'll show you which streamers are succeeding, why, and how you can do the same.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {broadcast,gaming,livestream,production,video},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/38H634WX/how-much-do-twitch-streamers-make.html}
}

@article{InternetbasedArthritisSelfmanagement,
  title = {The Internet-based Arthritis Self-management Program: {{A}} One-year Randomized Trial for Patients with Arthritis or Fibromyalgia},
  shorttitle = {The Internet-based Arthritis Self-management Program},
  doi = {10.1002/art.23817},
  urldate = {2024-03-26},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone,telehealth},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/575JR5VD/art.html}
}

@misc{IntroducingAtlasSwords2023,
  title = {Introducing {{Atlas}}, {{Sword}}'s {{Global Pain-Fighting Solution}}},
  year = {2023},
  month = nov,
  journal = {Sword Health},
  urldate = {2023-12-15},
  abstract = {Atlas is designed to advance DE\&I efforts by creating equitable access to benefits for every part of an international workforce.},
  chapter = {Sword Solutions},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone}
}

@misc{IntroductionTelehealthPhysical,
  title = {Introduction to Telehealth for Physical Therapy {\textbar} {{Telehealth}}.{{HHS}}.Gov},
  urldate = {2024-07-03},
  abstract = {Physical therapy has traditionally been considered a health care discipline requiring in-person care and supervision. With in-clinic appointments, physical therapists can perform a direct physical examination and hands-on treatment techniques designed to strengthen muscles and tendons associated with an injury.},
  howpublished = {https://telehealth.hhs.gov/providers/best-practice-guides/telehealth-for-physical-therapy},
  langid = {english},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/JXNPSW5W/telehealth-for-physical-therapy.html}
}

@article{ipsenInterestMHealthPatients2024,
  title = {Interest in {{mHealth Among Patients With Low Back Pain}}: {{Cross-Sectional Study}}},
  shorttitle = {Interest in {{mHealth Among Patients With Low Back Pain}}},
  author = {Ipsen, Jonas Ammundsen and Sandal, Louise Fleng and Chang, Natalie Hong Siu and {Schi{\o}ttz-Christensen}, Berit and S{\o}gaard, Karen and Hansen, Anders},
  year = {2024},
  month = feb,
  journal = {JMIR Human Factors},
  volume = {11},
  number = {1},
  pages = {e48729},
  publisher = {JMIR Publications Inc., Toronto, Canada},
  doi = {10.2196/48729},
  urldate = {2024-05-22},
  abstract = {Background: Digitally supported self-management tailored to an individual's need, in addition to usual care, may reduce pain-related disability compared to usual care alone, and patients with low back pain (LBP) using mobile health (mHealth) solutions express positive experiences. Hence, implementing mHealth solutions designed to support self-management is desirable from a clinical and patient perspective. Easily accessible mHealth solutions that can support the self-management of patients with LBP are available, but interest may be subgroup specific. Understanding the characteristics and preferences of patients with LBP labeled as interested may help to reach relevant LBP patient groups and inform the development and implementation of effective interventions with mHealth for patients with LBP. Objective: This study aims to explore the proportion of patients with LBP labeled as interested in testing an mHealth solution designed to support self-management in addition to usual care and to assess how these patients differ from those who were labeled as not interested. Methods: This exploratory cross-sectional study analyzed demographic and patient-reported outcomes from the SpineData registry, a Danish registry of patients with LBP in an outpatient setting. Between February and December 2019, the SpineData registry was used to assess the preliminary eligibility of patients for a clinical trial (selfBACK). Patients were labeled as interested or uninterested depending on if they responded to an invitation to be tested for eligibility for the trial Outcomes were selected from the International Classification of Functioning core set of LBP using a clinical approach. Associations were assessed in a backward selection process, and the proportion of variance explained was assessed with pseudo-R2 statistic. Results: This study included 843 patients, with 181 (21\%) individuals labeled as interested in participating in the selfBACK trial. Notably, the cohort labeled as interested differed from their uninterested counterparts in two key aspects: age (36-65 years: 116/181, 64.1\% vs 347/662, 52.4\%; P=.003) and smoking status (smokers: 22/181, 12.5\% vs 174/662, 26.6\%; P\&lt;.001). Those aged 36-65 years had higher odds of being labeled as interested compared to individuals aged 18-35 years (odds ratio [OR] 0.43, 95\% CI 0.26-0.71) and those 65 years or older (OR 0.77, 95\% CI 0.53-1.15). Nevertheless, age accounted for only a modest proportion of variance (R2=0.014). Smokers demonstrated lower odds of being labeled as interested (OR 0.39, 95\% CI 0.24-0.64), with smoking status explaining a similarly small proportion of variance (R2=0.019). Collectively, age and smoking status accounted for 3.3\% of the variance. Conclusions: Our investigation revealed that 181 (21\%) individuals with LBP invited to participate in the mHealth solution trial for self-management expressed interest. Generally, the characteristics of those labeled as interested and uninterested were comparable. Of note, patients aged 36-65 years had a higher frequency of being labeled as interested compared to their younger and older counterparts.},
  copyright = {This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published JMIR Human Factors, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on https://humanfactors.jmir.org/, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {app,mHealth,MSHIcapstone,selfBACK},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/KSM9SIAR/Ipsen et al. - 2024 - Interest in mHealth Among Patients With Low Back Pain Cross-Sectional Study.pdf}
}

@article{iveyComparisonLiveDemonstration2022,
  title = {Comparison of {{Live Demonstration}} versus {{Multimedia Instruction}} for {{Psychomotor Skill Development}} in {{Physical Therapy Students}}},
  author = {Ivey, Christopher John and Parrish, Amanda A.},
  year = {2022},
  journal = {Educational Research: Theory and Practice},
  volume = {33},
  number = {3},
  pages = {35--46},
  publisher = {Northern Rocky Mountain Educational Research Association},
  issn = {2637-8965},
  urldate = {2023-06-22},
  abstract = {Hybrid learning is expanding in physical therapy education; however, a limited empirical understanding of the psychomotor domain exists in this context. Moreover, the current literature presents conflicting results. Psychomotor skill instruction traditionally uses live demonstration followed by student practice. This study compared student learning outcomes between the traditional approach and learning management system multimedia instruction in Doctor of Physical Therapy students. Using a cross-over design, half of the psychomotor techniques were instructed using each instructional strategy for cohort one and switched for cohort two. A practical examination compared student performance. Live demonstration scores were slightly higher than the LMS-embedded multimedia scores for the upper extremity techniques. While the differences were statistically significant, the partial eta squared value is small. This pattern was reversed for the lower extremity with slightly lower live demonstration scores compared to the LMS-embedded multimedia instruction. However, the difference between means was not statistically significant, revealing similar outcomes for both instructional strategies.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Blended Learning,College Students,Demonstrations (Educational),education,Educational Technology,Human Body,In Person Learning,Learning Management Systems,live,MSHIcapstone,multimedia,Online Courses,Physical Therapy,Psychomotor Skills,Teaching Methods},
  annotation = {ERIC Number: EJ1366421},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/ARBIEXQN/Ivey and Parrish - 2022 - Comparison of Live Demonstration versus Multimedia.pdf}
}

@article{iyerSpinePhysicalExamination2022,
  title = {The {{Spine Physical Examination Using Telemedicine}}: {{Strategies}} and {{Best Practices}}},
  shorttitle = {The {{Spine Physical Examination Using Telemedicine}}},
  author = {Iyer, Sravisht and Shafi, Karim and Lovecchio, Francis and Turner, Robert and Albert, Todd J. and Kim, Han Jo and Press, Joel and Katsuura, Yoshihiro and Sandhu, Harvinder and Schwab, Frank and Qureshi, Sheeraz},
  year = {2022},
  month = jan,
  journal = {Global Spine Journal},
  volume = {12},
  number = {1},
  pages = {8--14},
  issn = {2192-5682},
  doi = {10.1177/2192568220944129},
  urldate = {2022-12-15},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone,physical exam,remote exam,spine,telehealth,telemedicine},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/KX7V9BA5/Iyer et al. - 2022 - The Spine Physical Examination Using Telemedicine Strategies and Best Practices.pdf}
}

@misc{jacquelyncorleyTelemedicineSavingLives2016,
  type = {Text},
  title = {Telemedicine Is Saving Lives in Rural {{America}} and around the World},
  author = {Jacquelyn Corley, M. D.},
  year = {2016},
  month = mar,
  urldate = {2024-03-31},
  abstract = {Virtual care is becoming increasingly common.},
  keywords = {global health,MSHIcapstone,stroke,telehealth}
}

@misc{jamesWhatPresentersCan2017,
  title = {What {{Presenters Can Learn}} from {{Peloton Instructors}}: {{How}} to {{Pay Attention}}},
  author = {James, Neen},
  year = {2017},
  month = jun,
  journal = {LinkedIn Pulse},
  urldate = {2024-07-18},
  keywords = {audience,connection,engagement,intimacy theory,live streaming,MSHIcapstone,Peloton,read,virtual},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/SJEWQXYA/what-presenters-can-learn-from-peloton-instructors-how-james-csp.html}
}

@article{jinTelemedicineCurrentImpact2020,
  title = {Telemedicine: {{Current Impact}} on the {{Future}}},
  shorttitle = {Telemedicine},
  author = {Jin, Michael X and Kim, Sun Young and Miller, Lauren J and Behari, Gauri and Correa, Ricardo},
  year = {2020},
  month = aug,
  journal = {Cureus},
  volume = {12},
  number = {8},
  pages = {e9891},
  issn = {2168-8184},
  doi = {10.7759/cureus.9891},
  urldate = {2024-02-26},
  abstract = {The current healthcare landscape lends itself to major changes, including elevating the prominence of telemedicine. Recent technological advances and external pressures have driven telemedicine to the forefront of medical reality. During an emergency declaration made March 17, 2020, the Centers for Medicare \& Medicaid Services (CMS) stated the need for providers to use telemedicine to provide patients care in hospitals, clinics, nursing homes, and other settings across the states. Additionally, new policies have been implemented to better facilitate patient care, safety, and privacy., The convenience provided by this low resource modality facilitates the intercommunication between physicians and offers a suitable alternative for patients who are medically or socially unable to see providers in person. However, given the nature of the practice, much consideration is needed to build patient relationships and comfort. In the future, the impact of telemedicine on healthcare environments cannot be overstated, especially in hospice and nursing home settings where it stands to improve treatment efficacy and monitoring for the elderly. Newer inventions such as the remote patient monitoring system can act as safety nets for clinic patients, while improving accessibility of electronic health records (EHRs) will dramatically augment available treatment options.~However, the spread of telehealth relies on community reimbursement and the ability for physicians to consistently offer the same services that are available in person. Additionally, it is imperative that physicians and other healthcare professionals integrate these new technologies into their fields while also maintaining the ethics of patient security and autonomy.},
  langid = {english},
  pmcid = {PMC7502422},
  pmid = {32968557},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone,obsidian},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/R88659RE/Jin et al. - Telemedicine Current Impact on the Future.pdf}
}

@article{kaplanEthicsGuidelinesStandards2022,
  title = {Ethics, {{Guidelines}}, {{Standards}}, and {{Policy}}: {{Telemedicine}}, {{COVID-19}}, and {{Broadening}} the {{Ethical Scope}}},
  shorttitle = {Ethics, {{Guidelines}}, {{Standards}}, and {{Policy}}},
  author = {Kaplan, Bonnie},
  year = {2022},
  month = jan,
  journal = {Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics},
  volume = {31},
  number = {1},
  pages = {105--118},
  issn = {0963-1801, 1469-2147},
  doi = {10.1017/S0963180121000852},
  urldate = {2024-02-23},
  abstract = {The coronavirus crisis is causing considerable disruption and anguish. However, the COVID-19 pandemic and consequent explosion of telehealth services also provide an unparalleled opportunity to consider ethical, legal, and social issues (ELSI) beyond immediate needs. Ethicists, informaticians, and others can learn from experience, and evaluate information technology practices and evidence on which to base policy and standards, identify significant values and issues, and revise ethical guidelines. This paper builds on professional organizations' guidelines and ELSI scholarship to develop emerging concerns illuminated by current experience. Four ethical themes characterized previous literature: quality of care and the doctor--patient relationship, access, consent, and privacy. More attention is needed to these and to expanding the scope of ethical analysis to include health information technologies. An applied ethics approach to ELSI would addresses context-specific issues and the relationships between people and technologies, and facilitate effective and ethical institutionalization of telehealth and other health information technologies.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {COVID-19,ELSI,ethical issues,ethics,evaluation,health information technology,healthcare,informatics,law,legal issues,MSHIcapstone,pandemic,policy,regulation,social issues,telehealth,telemedicine},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/UTPU2SPX/Kaplan - 2022 - Ethics, Guidelines, Standards, and Policy Telemed.pdf}
}

@article{kaplanREVISITINGHEALTHINFORMATION2020,
  title = {{{REVISITING HEALTH INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ETHICAL}}, {{LEGAL}}, and {{SOCIAL ISSUES}} and {{EVALUATION}}: {{TELEHEALTH}}/{{TELEMEDICINE}} and {{COVID-19}}},
  shorttitle = {{{REVISITING HEALTH INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ETHICAL}}, {{LEGAL}}, and {{SOCIAL ISSUES}} and {{EVALUATION}}},
  author = {Kaplan, Bonnie},
  year = {2020},
  month = nov,
  journal = {International Journal of Medical Informatics},
  volume = {143},
  pages = {104239},
  issn = {1386-5056},
  doi = {10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2020.104239},
  urldate = {2024-02-23},
  abstract = {Background Information technologies have been vital during the COVID-19 pandemic. Telehealth and telemedicine services, especially, fulfilled their promise by allowing patients to receive advice and care at a distance, making it safer for all concerned. Over the preceding years, professional societies, governments, and scholars examined ethical, legal, and social issues (ELSI) related to telemedicine and telehealth. Primary concerns evident from reviewing this literature have been quality of care, access, consent, and privacy. Objectives To identify and summarize ethical, legal, and social issues related to information technology in healthcare, as exemplified by telehealth and telemedicine. To expand on prior analyses and address gaps illuminated by the COVID-19 experience. To propose future research directions. Methods Literature was identified through searches, forward and backward citation chaining, and the author's knowledge of scholars and works in the area. EU and professional organizations' guidelines, and nineteen scholarly papers were examined and categories created to identify ethical, legal, and social issues they addressed. A synthesis matrix was developed to categorize issues addressed by each source. Results A synthesis matrix was developed and issues categorized as: quality of care, consent and autonomy, access to care and technology, legal and regulatory, clinician responsibilities, patient responsibilities, changed relationships, commercialization, policy, information needs, and evaluation, with subcategories that fleshed out each category. The literature primarily addressed quality of care, access, consent, and privacy. Other identified considerations were little discussed. These and newer concerns include: usability, tailoring services to each patient, curriculum and training, implementation, commercialization, and licensing and liability. The need for interoperability, data availability, cybersecurity, and informatics infrastructure also is more apparent. These issues are applicable to other information technologies in healthcare. Conclusions Clinicians and organizations need updated guidelines for ethical use of telemedicine and telehealth care, and decision- and policy-makers need evidence to inform decisions. The variety of newly implemented telemedicine services is an on-going natural experiment presenting an unparalleled opportunity to develop an evidence-based way forward. The paper recommends evaluation using an applied ethics, context-sensitive approach that explores interactions among multiple factors and considerations. It suggests evaluation questions to investigate ethical, social, and legal issues through multi-method, sociotechnical, interpretive and ethnographic, and interactionist evaluation approaches. Such evaluation can help telehealth, and other information technologies, be integrated into healthcare ethically and effectively.},
  pmcid = {PMC7831568},
  pmid = {33152653},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/ZM3JEDTZ/Kaplan - 2020 - REVISITING HEALTH INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ETHICAL, .pdf}
}

@misc{khoslaventuresWinningOutsiderBuilding2023,
  title = {Winning as an {{Outsider}}: {{Building Something So Good It Can}}'t {{Be Ignored}} {\textbar} {{Virgilio Bento}}},
  shorttitle = {Winning as an {{Outsider}}},
  author = {{Khosla Ventures}},
  year = {2023},
  month = jul,
  urldate = {2024-03-28},
  collaborator = {Bento, Virg{\'i}lio and Khosla, Vinod},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone}
}

@article{khoSystematicScopingReview2020,
  title = {A Systematic Scoping Review of Change Management Practices Used for Telemedicine Service Implementations},
  author = {Kho, Joanna and Gillespie, Nicole and {Martin-Khan}, Melinda},
  year = {2020},
  month = sep,
  journal = {BMC Health Services Research},
  volume = {20},
  number = {1},
  pages = {815},
  issn = {1472-6963},
  doi = {10.1186/s12913-020-05657-w},
  urldate = {2024-06-10},
  abstract = {Telemedicine improves access to health care services enabling remote care diagnosis and treatment of patients at a distance. However, the implementation of telemedicine services often pose challenges stemming from the lack of attention to change management (CM). Health care practitioners and researchers agree that successful telemedicine services require significant organizational and practice change. Despite recognizing the importance of the ``people-side'' of implementation, research on what constitutes best practice CM strategies for telemedicine implementations remains fragmented, offering little cohesive insight into the specific practices involved in the change process. We conducted a systematic scoping review of the literature to examine what and how CM practices have been applied to telemedicine service implementation, spanning a variety of health care areas and countries.},
  keywords = {Change management,Change readiness,Implementation,Organizational change,Resistance,Telehealth,Telemedicine,Virtual care},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/26HA7Y6N/Kho et al. - 2020 - A systematic scoping review of change management practices used for telemedicine service implementat.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/Y3YRSHQY/s12913-020-05657-w.html}
}

@article{kjaerGLABackGroupbased2018,
  title = {{{GLA}}:{{D}}{\textregistered} {{Back}} Group-Based Patient Education Integrated with Exercises to Support Self-Management of Back Pain~- Development, Theories and Scientific Evidence~-},
  shorttitle = {{{GLA}}},
  author = {Kjaer, Per and Kongsted, Alice and Ris, Inge and Abbott, Allan and Rasmussen, Charlotte Diana N{\o}rregaard and Roos, Ewa M. and Skou, S{\o}ren T. and Andersen, Tonny Elmose and Hartvigsen, Jan},
  year = {2018},
  month = nov,
  journal = {BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders},
  volume = {19},
  number = {1},
  pages = {418},
  issn = {1471-2474},
  doi = {10.1186/s12891-018-2334-x},
  urldate = {2023-04-22},
  abstract = {Clinical guidelines recommend that people with back pain be given information and education about their back pain, advice to remain active and at work, and exercises to improve mobility and physical activity. Guidelines, however, rarely describe how this is best delivered. The aim of this paper is to present the development, theories, and underlying evidence for `GLA:D Back' - a group education and exercise program that translates guideline recommendations into a clinician-delivered program for the promotion of self-management in people with persistent/recurrent back pain.},
  keywords = {Back pain,Exercise therapy,GLA:D back,GLA:D Back,Intervention development,MSHIcapstone,Patient education,Primary health care},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/H3JE2IYI/Kjaer et al. - 2018 - GLAD® Back group-based patient education integrat.pdf}
}

@article{klemDemystifyingQualitativeResearch2021,
  title = {Demystifying {{Qualitative Research}} for {{Musculoskeletal Practitioners Part}} 3: {{Phenomeno}}---What? {{Understanding What}} the {{Qualitative Researchers Have Done}}},
  shorttitle = {Demystifying {{Qualitative Research}} for {{Musculoskeletal Practitioners Part}} 3},
  author = {Klem, Nardia-Rose and Shields, Nora and Smith, Anne and Bunzli, Samantha},
  year = {2021},
  month = dec,
  journal = {Journal of Orthopaedic \& Sports Physical Therapy},
  publisher = {JOSPT, Inc. JOSPT, 1033 North Fairfax Street, Suite 304, Alexandria, VA 22134-1540},
  doi = {10.2519/jospt.2022.10485},
  urldate = {2022-06-10},
  abstract = {Synopsis In part 3 of ``Demystifying Qualitative Research for Musculoskeletal Practitioners,'' we introduce the concept of ``methodological approach'' to encompass the plan of action that underpins the use of methods and desired outcomes, as well as the use of theory. Understanding the methodological approach in a qualitative study gives the reader a sense of what the qualitative researchers have ``done,'' while theory has varying uses and meanings depending on type of qualitative study. In this installment, we cover some of the common methodological approaches used in the musculoskeletal field and provide a discussion about the different ways in which theory can be considered and used in a qualitative study. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2022;52(1):3--7. doi:10.2519/jospt.2022.10485},
  copyright = {Copyright {\copyright}2022 JOSPT{\textregistered}, Inc},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/HQXN8W8N/Klem et al. - 2021 - Demystifying Qualitative Research for Musculoskele.pdf}
}

@article{klemDemystifyingQualitativeResearch2021a,
  title = {Demystifying {{Qualitative Research}} for {{Musculoskeletal Practitioners Part}} 2: {{Understanding}} the {{Foundations}} of {{Qualitative Research}}},
  shorttitle = {Demystifying {{Qualitative Research}} for {{Musculoskeletal Practitioners Part}} 2},
  author = {Klem, Nardia-Rose and Bunzli, Samantha and Smith, Anne and Shields, Nora},
  year = {2021},
  month = dec,
  journal = {Journal of Orthopaedic \& Sports Physical Therapy},
  volume = {51},
  number = {12},
  pages = {559--561},
  issn = {0190-6011, 1938-1344},
  doi = {10.2519/jospt.2021.0113},
  urldate = {2023-07-06},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/ZBQQNEQY/Klem et al. - 2021 - Demystifying Qualitative Research for Musculoskele.pdf}
}

@article{klemDemystifyingQualitativeResearch2021b,
  title = {Demystifying {{Qualitative Research}} for {{Musculoskeletal Practitioners Part}} 1: {{What Is Qualitative Research}} and {{How Can It Help Practitioners Deliver Best-Practice Musculoskeletal Care}}?},
  shorttitle = {Demystifying {{Qualitative Research}} for {{Musculoskeletal Practitioners Part}} 1},
  author = {Klem, Nardia-Rose and Smith, Anne and Shields, Nora and Bunzli, Samantha},
  year = {2021},
  month = oct,
  journal = {Journal of Orthopaedic \& Sports Physical Therapy},
  publisher = {JOSPT, Inc. JOSPT, 1033 North Fairfax Street, Suite 304, Alexandria, VA 22134-1540},
  doi = {10.2519/jospt.2021.0110},
  urldate = {2022-06-10},
  abstract = {Synopsis A progressive understanding of pain, disability, and health requires consideration of factors that may not easily be captured quantitatively. Qualitative research is a valuable tool to explore these ``uncountable'' phenomena and inform high-quality patient-centered care. Despite the utility of qualitative research in a musculoskeletal context, many practitioners are not familiar with qualitative terms and therefore may not reap the benefits of qualitative approaches. This editorial discusses what qualitative research is and how it can inform musculoskeletal clinical practice. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2021;51(11):531--532. doi:10.2519/jospt.2021.0110},
  copyright = {Copyright {\copyright}2021 JOSPT{\textregistered}, Inc},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/65DDCQCL/Klem et al. - 2021 - Demystifying Qualitative Research for Musculoskele.pdf}
}

@article{klemDemystifyingQualitativeResearch2022,
  title = {Demystifying {{Qualitative Research}} for {{Musculoskeletal Practitioners Part}} 5: {{Rigor}} in {{Qualitative Research}}},
  shorttitle = {Demystifying {{Qualitative Research}} for {{Musculoskeletal Practitioners Part}} 5},
  author = {Klem, Nardia-Rose and Bunzli, Samantha and Smith, Anne and Shields, Nora},
  year = {2022},
  month = jan,
  journal = {Journal of Orthopaedic \& Sports Physical Therapy},
  publisher = {JOSPT, Inc. JOSPT, 1033 North Fairfax Street, Suite 304, Alexandria, VA 22134-1540},
  doi = {10.2519/jospt.2022.10487},
  urldate = {2022-06-10},
  abstract = {Synopsis In part 5 of this series, we turn our attention to concepts of rigor in qualitative research. In doing so, the use of quality appraisal tools and reporting checklists for qualitative studies is explored. Issues regarding a one-size-fits-all approach to these tools and checklists are discussed. Trustworthiness criteria are also described and applied to different qualitative paradigms and methodological approaches. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2022;52(2):60--62. doi:10.2519/jospt.2022.10487},
  copyright = {Copyright {\copyright}2022 JOSPT{\textregistered}, Inc},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/N8QBRD6Z/Klem et al. - 2022 - Demystifying Qualitative Research for Musculoskele.pdf}
}

@article{klemDemystifyingQualitativeResearch2022a,
  title = {Demystifying {{Qualitative Research}} for {{Musculoskeletal Practitioners Part}} 4: {{A Qualitative Researcher}}'s {{Toolkit}}---{{Sampling}}, {{Data Collection Methods}}, and {{Data Analysis}}},
  shorttitle = {Demystifying {{Qualitative Research}} for {{Musculoskeletal Practitioners Part}} 4},
  author = {Klem, Nardia-Rose and Shields, Nora and Smith, Anne and Bunzli, Samantha},
  year = {2022},
  month = jan,
  journal = {Journal of Orthopaedic \& Sports Physical Therapy},
  volume = {52},
  number = {1},
  pages = {8--10},
  publisher = {Journal of Orthopaedic \& Sports Physical Therapy},
  issn = {0190-6011},
  doi = {10.2519/jospt.2022.10486},
  urldate = {2023-07-06},
  abstract = {Synopsis In this editorial, we discuss common methods used in musculoskeletal qualitative research, including approaches to sampling, data collection, and data analysis. We take a particular focus in this editorial on methods that involve ``speaking to people.'' We highlight the back-and-forth or cyclic nature of qualitative research, and introduce readers to the use of natural language processing to analyze qualitative data. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2022;52(1):8--10. doi:10.2519/jospt.2022.10486},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone,musculoskeletal research,qualitative methods,qualitative research},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/UIH3HTMM/Klem et al. - 2022 - Demystifying Qualitative Research for Musculoskele.pdf}
}

@article{kokichEffectiveTeachingArt2006,
  title = {Effective Teaching: The Art of Engagement: Part 2.},
  author = {Kokich, M K and Kokich, V G},
  year = {2006},
  month = sep,
  journal = {Journal of orthodontics},
  volume = {33},
  number = {3},
  pages = {213--219},
  doi = {10.1179/146531205225021678},
  affiliation = {Point Defiance Elementary School, Tacoma, Washington, USA.},
  date-added = {2016-05-11T21:15:09GMT},
  date-modified = {2022-04-30T18:16:11GMT},
  langid = {english},
  local-url = {file://localhost/Users/nately/Dropbox/Articles/Library.papers3/J/2006/Kokich/2006\%20Kokich\%20J\%20Orthod-2.pdf},
  pmid = {16926315},
  rating = {0},
  read = {Yes},
  uri = {papers3://publication/doi/10.1179/146531205225021678},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/R72EB95Y/2006 Kokich J Orthod-2.pdf}
}

@article{kokichEffectiveTeachingArt2006a,
  title = {Effective {{Teaching}}: The Art of Engagement. {{Part}} 1.},
  author = {Kokich, M K and Kokich, V G},
  year = {2006},
  month = jun,
  journal = {Journal of orthodontics},
  volume = {33},
  number = {2},
  pages = {125--132},
  doi = {10.1179/146531205225021510},
  affiliation = {Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.},
  date-added = {2016-05-11T21:16:55GMT},
  date-modified = {2022-04-30T18:15:23GMT},
  langid = {english},
  local-url = {file://localhost/Users/nately/Dropbox/Articles/Library.papers3/J/2006/Kokich/2006\%20Kokich\%20J\%20Orthod-1.pdf},
  pmid = {16751434},
  rating = {0},
  read = {Yes},
  uri = {papers3://publication/doi/10.1179/146531205225021510}
}

@article{kongstadCosteffectivenessAnalysisAppdelivered2024,
  title = {Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of App-Delivered Self-Management Support ({{selfBACK}}) in Addition to Usual Care for People with Low Back Pain in {{Denmark}}},
  author = {Kongstad, Line Planck and {\O}ver{\aa}s, Cecilie Krage and Skovsgaard, Christian Volmar and Sandal, Louise Fleng and Hartvigsen, Jan and S{\o}gaard, Karen and Mork, Paul Jarle and Stochkendahl, Mette Jensen},
  year = {2024},
  month = sep,
  publisher = {British Medical Journal Publishing Group},
  doi = {10.1136/bmjopen-2024-086800},
  urldate = {2025-07-15},
  abstract = {Objectives This study aims to investigate the cost-effectiveness of individually tailored self-management support, delivered via the artificial intelligence-based selfBACK app, as an add-on to usual care for people with low back pain (LBP). Design Secondary health-economic analysis of the selfBACK randomised controlled trial (RCT) with a 9-month follow-up conducted from a Danish national healthcare perspective (primary scenario) and a societal perspective limited to long-term productivity in the form of long-term absenteeism (secondary scenario). Setting Primary care and an outpatient spine clinic in Denmark. Participants A subset of Danish participants in the selfBACK RCT, including 297 adults with LBP randomised to the intervention (n=148) or the control group (n=149). Interventions App-delivered evidence-based, individually tailored self-management support as an add-on to usual care compared with usual care alone among people with LBP. Outcome measures Costs of healthcare usage and productivity loss, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) based on the EuroQol-5L Dimension Questionnaire, meaningful changes in LBP-related disability measured by the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) and the Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ), costs (healthcare and productivity loss measured in Euro) and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs). Results The incremental costs were higher for the selfBACK intervention (mean difference {\texteuro}230 (95\% CI -136 to 595)), where ICERs showed an increase in costs of {\texteuro}7336 per QALY gained in the intervention group, and {\texteuro}1302 and {\texteuro}1634 for an additional person with minimal important change on the PSEQ and RMDQ score, respectively. At a cost-effectiveness threshold value of {\texteuro}23250, the selfBACK intervention has a 98\% probability of being cost-effective. Analysis of productivity loss was very sensitive, which creates uncertainty about the results from a societal perspective limited to long-term productivity. Conclusions From a healthcare perspective, the selfBACK intervention is likely to represent a cost-effective treatment for people with LBP. However, including productivity loss introduces uncertainty to the results. Trial registration number [NCT03798288][1]. Data are available on reasonable request. Requests to access RCT data supporting this study's findings can be made to MJS (m.jensen@kiroviden.sdu.dk) at the Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark and Chiropractic Knowledge Hub, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. The cost data are available pending permission from Statistics Denmark's Research Service.  [1]: /lookup/external-ref?link\_type=CLINTRIALGOV\&access\_num=NCT03798288\&atom=\%2Fbmjopen\%2F14\%2F9\%2Fe086800.atom},
  chapter = {Health economics},
  copyright = {{\copyright} Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See:~http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {low back pain,mHealth,self-management},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/L2K9S7DH/Kongstad et al. - 2024 - Cost-effectiveness analysis of app-delivered self-management support (selfBACK) in addition to usual.pdf}
}

@article{kongstedGLABackGroupbased2019,
  title = {{{GLA}}:{{D}}{\textregistered} {{Back}}: Group-Based Patient Education Integrated with Exercises to Support Self-Management of Persistent Back Pain --- Feasibility of Implementing Standardised Care by a Course for Clinicians},
  shorttitle = {{{GLA}}},
  author = {Kongsted, Alice and Hartvigsen, Jan and Boyle, Eleanor and Ris, Inge and Kjaer, Per and Thomassen, Line and Vach, Werner},
  year = {2019},
  month = may,
  journal = {Pilot and Feasibility Studies},
  volume = {5},
  number = {1},
  pages = {65},
  issn = {2055-5784},
  doi = {10.1186/s40814-019-0448-z},
  urldate = {2023-04-22},
  abstract = {Clinical guidelines for management of low back pain (LBP) are not routinely implemented in practice, and guidelines rarely offer tools for implementation. Therefore, we developed GLA:D{\textregistered} Back, a standardised intervention of patient education and supervised exercises. This pilot study tested the feasibility of implementing GLA:D Back in clinical practice in Denmark by delivering a course for physiotherapists and chiropractors. It should further inform the planning of an implementation-effectiveness study using a pre-post group design alongside nation-wide implementation.},
  keywords = {Back pain,Exercise,Feasibility,GLA:D back,GLA:D Back,Implementation,MSHIcapstone,Patient education,Pilot study,Self-management},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/HZD2NIU8/s40814-019-0448-z.pdf.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/XVLPF7R6/Kongsted et al. - 2019 - GLAD® Back group-based patient education integra.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/MH35KBRA/s40814-019-0448-z.html}
}

@article{kongstedGLABackImplementation2019,
  title = {{{GLA}}:{{D}}{\textregistered} {{Back}}: Implementation of Group-Based Patient Education Integrated with Exercises to Support Self-Management of Back Pain - Protocol for a Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation Study},
  shorttitle = {{{GLA}}},
  author = {Kongsted, Alice and Ris, Inge and Kjaer, Per and Vach, Werner and Mors{\o}, Lars and Hartvigsen, Jan},
  year = {2019},
  month = feb,
  journal = {BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders},
  volume = {20},
  number = {1},
  pages = {85},
  issn = {1471-2474},
  doi = {10.1186/s12891-019-2443-1},
  urldate = {2023-04-22},
  abstract = {Reassuring patient education and exercise therapy are widely recommended interventions for back pain in clinical guidelines. However, many patients are offered non-guideline endorsed options, and strategies for effective implementation of guideline-based care have not yet been developed. This protocol outlines the evaluation of a strategy for nationwide implementation of standardised patient education and exercise therapy for people with persistent or recurrent back pain in a hybrid implementation-effectiveness design. The strategy and the evaluation were planned using the framework of the Behaviour Change Wheel.},
  keywords = {Back pain,Exercise therapy,GLA:D back,GLA:D Back,Health plan implementation,MSHIcapstone,Patient education,Primary health care},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/SQ6T7AAB/s12891-019-2443-1.pdf.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/U5FIL8W5/Kongsted et al. - 2019 - GLAD® Back implementation of group-based patient.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/LKYMPMTB/s12891-019-2443-1.html}
}

@article{koppenaal3MonthEffectivenessStratified2022,
  title = {The 3-{{Month Effectiveness}} of a {{Stratified Blended Physiotherapy Intervention}} in {{Patients With Nonspecific Low Back Pain}}: {{Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial}}},
  shorttitle = {The 3-{{Month Effectiveness}} of a {{Stratified Blended Physiotherapy Intervention}} in {{Patients With Nonspecific Low Back Pain}}},
  author = {Koppenaal, Tjarco and Pisters, Martijn F. and Kloek, Corelien JJ and Arensman, Remco M. and Ostelo, Raymond WJG and Veenhof, Cindy},
  year = {2022},
  month = feb,
  journal = {Journal of Medical Internet Research},
  volume = {24},
  number = {2},
  pages = {e31675},
  publisher = {JMIR Publications Inc., Toronto, Canada},
  doi = {10.2196/31675},
  urldate = {2024-03-26},
  abstract = {Background: Patient education, home-based exercise therapy, and advice on returning to normal activities are established physiotherapeutic treatment options for patients with nonspecific low back pain (LBP). However, the effectiveness of physiotherapy interventions on health-related outcomes largely depends on patient self-management and adherence to exercise and physical activity recommendations. e-Exercise LBP is a recently developed stratified blended care intervention comprising a smartphone app integrated with face-to-face physiotherapy treatment. Following the promising effects of web-based applications on patients' self-management skills and adherence to exercise and physical activity recommendations, it is hypothesized that e-Exercise LBP will improve patients' physical functioning. Objective: This study aims to investigate the short-term (3 months) effectiveness of stratified blended physiotherapy (e-Exercise LBP) on physical functioning in comparison with face-to-face physiotherapy in patients with nonspecific LBP. Methods: The study design was a multicenter cluster randomized controlled trial with intention-to-treat analysis. Patients with nonspecific LBP aged {$\geq$}18 years were asked to participate in the study. The patients were treated with either stratified blended physiotherapy or face-to-face physiotherapy. Both interventions were conducted according to the Dutch physiotherapy guidelines for nonspecific LBP. Blended physiotherapy was stratified according to the patients' risk of developing persistent LBP using the Keele STarT Back Screening Tool. The primary outcome was physical functioning (Oswestry Disability Index, range 0-100). Secondary outcomes included pain intensity, fear-avoidance beliefs, and self-reported adherence. Measurements were taken at baseline and at the 3-month follow-up. Results: Both the stratified blended physiotherapy group (104/208, 50\%) and the face-to-face physiotherapy group (104/208, 50\%) had improved clinically relevant and statistically significant physical functioning; however, there was no statistically significant or clinically relevant between-group difference (mean difference -1.96, 95\% CI -4.47 to 0.55). For the secondary outcomes, stratified blended physiotherapy showed statistically significant between-group differences in fear-avoidance beliefs and self-reported adherence. In patients with a high risk of developing persistent LBP (13/208, 6.3\%), stratified blended physiotherapy showed statistically significant between-group differences in physical functioning (mean difference -16.39, 95\% CI -27.98 to -4.79) and several secondary outcomes. Conclusions: The stratified blended physiotherapy intervention e-Exercise LBP is not more effective than face-to-face physiotherapy in patients with nonspecific LBP in improving physical functioning in the short term. For both stratified blended physiotherapy and face-to-face physiotherapy, within-group improvements were clinically relevant. To be able to decide whether e-Exercise LBP should be implemented in daily physiotherapy practice, future research should focus on the long-term cost-effectiveness and determine which patients benefit most from stratified blended physiotherapy. Trial Registration: ISRCTN Registry 94074203; https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN94074203},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone,telehealth},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/CQZB5XXC/Koppenaal et al. - 2022 - The 3-Month Effectiveness of a Stratified Blended .pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/SRDFSALE/e31675.html}
}

@article{koutrasSocioeconomicImpactEHealth2015,
  title = {Socioeconomic Impact of E-{{Health}} Services in Major Joint Replacement: {{A}} Scoping Review},
  shorttitle = {Socioeconomic Impact of E-{{Health}} Services in Major Joint Replacement},
  author = {Koutras, Christos and Bitsaki, Marina and Koutras, Georgios and Nikolaou, Christos and Heep, Hansjoerg},
  year = {2015},
  month = jan,
  journal = {Technology and Health Care},
  volume = {23},
  number = {6},
  pages = {809--817},
  publisher = {IOS Press},
  issn = {0928-7329},
  doi = {10.3233/THC-151036},
  urldate = {2024-03-26},
  abstract = {BACKGROUND: e-Health is a widespread healthcare practice in the medical community, supported by technology-based applications aiming to deliver health services in an efficient manner, improving the quality of life and providing a wide range of health},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone,telehealth},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/N62LZEFX/Koutras et al. - 2015 - Socioeconomic impact of e-Health services in major.pdf}
}

@article{kuninComparingFacetofaceSynchronous2014,
  title = {Comparing Face-to-Face, Synchronous, and Asynchronous Learning: Postgraduate Dental Resident Preferences},
  shorttitle = {Comparing Face-to-Face, Synchronous, and Asynchronous Learning},
  author = {Kunin, Marc and Julliard, Kell N. and Rodriguez, Tobias E.},
  year = {2014},
  month = jun,
  journal = {Journal of Dental Education},
  volume = {78},
  number = {6},
  pages = {856--866},
  issn = {1930-7837},
  abstract = {The Department of Dental Medicine of Lutheran Medical Center has developed an asynchronous online curriculum consisting of prerecorded PowerPoint presentations with audio explanations. The focus of this study was to evaluate if the new asynchronous format satisfied the educational needs of the residents compared to traditional lecture (face-to-face) and synchronous (distance learning) formats. Lectures were delivered to 219 dental residents employing face-to-face and synchronous formats, as well as the new asynchronous format; 169 (77 percent) participated in the study. Outcomes were assessed with pretests, posttests, and individual lecture surveys. Results found the residents preferred face-to-face and asynchronous formats to the synchronous format in terms of effectiveness and clarity of presentations. This preference was directly related to the residents' perception of how well the technology worked in each format. The residents also rated the quality of student-instructor and student-student interactions in the synchronous and asynchronous formats significantly higher after taking the lecture series than they did before taking it. However, they rated the face-to-face format as significantly more conducive to student-instructor and student-student interaction. While the study found technology had a major impact on the efficacy of this curricular model, the results suggest that the asynchronous format can be an effective way to teach a postgraduate course.},
  langid = {english},
  pmid = {24882771},
  keywords = {Adult,Attitude of Health Personnel,Audiovisual Aids,Computer-Assisted Instruction,computers in dentistry,Curriculum,dental education,distance education,distance learning,Education Dental,Education Distance,Educational Measurement,Educational Technology,Female,Humans,Internship and Residency,Interpersonal Relations,Learning,Male,Middle Aged,MSHIcapstone,Online Systems,Personal Satisfaction,postdoctoral dental education,Teaching,technology,Telecommunications,Video Recording,video teleconferencing,Young Adult},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/5IJF7TNW/Kunin et al. - 2014 - Comparing face-to-face, synchronous, and asynchron.pdf}
}

@article{lambertAppRemoteSupport2017,
  title = {An App with Remote Support Achieves Better Adherence to Home Exercise Programs than Paper Handouts in People with Musculoskeletal Conditions: A Randomised Trial},
  shorttitle = {An App with Remote Support Achieves Better Adherence to Home Exercise Programs than Paper Handouts in People with Musculoskeletal Conditions},
  author = {Lambert, Tara E and Harvey, Lisa A and Avdalis, Christos and Chen, Lydia W and Jeyalingam, Sayanthinie and Pratt, Carin A and Tatum, Holly J and Bowden, Jocelyn L and Lucas, Barbara R},
  year = {2017},
  month = jul,
  journal = {Journal of Physiotherapy},
  volume = {63},
  number = {3},
  pages = {161--167},
  issn = {1836-9553},
  doi = {10.1016/j.jphys.2017.05.015},
  urldate = {2024-03-30},
  abstract = {Question Do people with musculoskeletal conditions better adhere to their home exercise programs when these are provided to them on an app with remote support compared to paper handouts? Design Randomised, parallel-group trial with intention-to-treat analysis. Participants Eighty participants with upper or lower limb musculoskeletal conditions were recruited to the trial. Each participant was prescribed a 4-week home exercise program by a physiotherapist at a tertiary teaching hospital in Australia. Participants were randomly assigned via a computer-generated concealed block randomisation procedure to either intervention (n=40) or control (n=40) groups. Intervention Participants in the intervention group received their home exercise programs on an app linked to the freely available website www.physiotherapyexercises.com. They also received supplementary phone calls and motivational text messages. Participants in the control group received their home exercise programs as a paper handout. Outcome measures Blinded assessors collected outcome measures at baseline and 4 weeks. The primary outcome was self-reported exercise adherence. There were five secondary outcomes, which captured functional performance, disability, patient satisfaction, perceptions of treatment effectiveness, and different aspects of adherence. Results Outcomes were available on 77 participants. The mean between-group difference for self-reported exercise adherence at 4 weeks was 1.3/11 points (95\% CI 0.2 to 2.3), favouring the intervention group. The mean between-group difference for function was 0.9/11 points (95\% CI 0.1 to 1.7) on the Patient-Specific Functional Scale, also favouring the intervention group. There were no significant between-group differences for the remaining outcomes. Conclusion People with musculoskeletal conditions adhere better to their home exercise programs when the programs are provided on an app with remote support compared to paper handouts; however, the clinical importance of this added adherence is unclear. Trial registration ACTRN12616000066482. [Lambert TE, Harvey LA, Avdalis C, Chen LW, Jeyalingam S, Pratt CA, Tatum HJ, Bowden JL, Lucas BR (2017) An app with remote support achieves better adherence to home exercise programs than paper handouts in people with musculoskeletal conditions: a randomised trial. Journal of Physiotherapy 63: 161--167]},
  keywords = {adherence,app,exercise,Exercise therapy,mHealth,Mobile applications,MSHIcapstone,Patient compliance,Physical therapy modalities},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/5TDPJLJ7/S183695531730067X.html}
}

@article{lamplotGoodComesEvil2021,
  title = {Good {{Comes From Evil}}: {{COVID-19}} and the {{Advent}} of {{Telemedicine}} in {{Orthopedics}}},
  shorttitle = {Good {{Comes From Evil}}},
  author = {Lamplot, Joseph D. and Taylor, Samuel A.},
  year = {2021},
  month = feb,
  journal = {HSS Journal{\textregistered}},
  volume = {17},
  number = {1},
  pages = {7--13},
  publisher = {SAGE Publications},
  issn = {1556-3316},
  doi = {10.1177/1556331620972046},
  urldate = {2024-06-09},
  langid = {english},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/84KD9DTE/Lamplot and Taylor - 2021 - Good Comes From Evil COVID-19 and the Advent of Telemedicine in Orthopedics.pdf}
}

@article{lawfordClinicianadministeredPerformancebasedTests2022,
  title = {Clinician-Administered Performance-Based Tests via Telehealth in People with Chronic Lower Limb Musculoskeletal Disorders: {{Test}}--Retest Reliability and Agreement with in-Person Assessment},
  shorttitle = {Clinician-Administered Performance-Based Tests via Telehealth in People with Chronic Lower Limb Musculoskeletal Disorders},
  author = {Lawford, Belinda J and Dobson, Fiona and Bennell, Kim L and Merolli, Mark and Graham, Bridget and Haber, Travis and Teo, Pek Ling and Mackenzie, Dave and McManus, Fiona and Lamb, Karen E and Hinman, Rana S},
  year = {2022},
  month = nov,
  journal = {Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare},
  pages = {1357633X2211373},
  issn = {1357-633X, 1758-1109},
  doi = {10.1177/1357633X221137387},
  urldate = {2023-05-25},
  abstract = {Introduction               Uptake of telehealth has surged, yet no previous studies have evaluated the clinimetric properties of clinician-administered performance-based tests of function, strength, and balance via telehealth in people with chronic lower limb musculoskeletal pain. This study investigated the: (i) test--retest reliability of performance-based tests via telehealth, and (ii) agreement between scores obtained via telehealth and in-person.                                         Methods               Fifty-seven adults aged {$\geq$}45 years with chronic lower limb musculoskeletal pain underwent three testing sessions: one in-person and two via videoconferencing. Tests included 30-s chair stand, 5-m fast-paced walk, stair climb, timed up and go, step test, timed single-leg stance, and calf raises. Test--retest reliability and agreement were assessed via intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC; lower limit of 95\% confidence interval (CI) {$\geq$}0.70 considered acceptable). ICCs were interpreted as poor ({$<$}0.5), moderate (0.5--0.75), good (0.75--0.9), or excellent ({$>$}0.9).                                         Results               Test--retest reliability was good-excellent with acceptable lower CI for stair climb test, timed up and go, right leg timed single-leg stance, and calf raises (ICC\,=\,0.84--0.91, 95\% CI lower limit\,=\,0.71--0.79). Agreement between telehealth and in-person was good-excellent with acceptable lower CI for 30-s chair stand, left leg single-leg stance, and calf raises (ICC\,=\,0.82--0.91, 95\% CI lower limit\,=\,0.71--0.85).                                         Discussion               Stair climb, timed up and go, right leg timed single-leg stance, and calf raise tests have acceptable reliability for use via telehealth in research and clinical practice. If re-testing via a different mode (telehealth/in-person), clinicians and researchers should consider using the 30-s chair stand test, left leg timed single-leg stance, and calf raise tests.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone}
}

@article{lawfordWasReallyScepticalBut2018,
  title = {``{{I}} Was Really Sceptical...{{But}} It Worked Really Well'': A Qualitative Study of Patient Perceptions of Telephone-Delivered Exercise Therapy by Physiotherapists for People with Knee Osteoarthritis},
  shorttitle = {``{{I}} Was Really Sceptical...{{But}} It Worked Really Well''},
  author = {Lawford, B. J. and Delany, C. and Bennell, K. L. and Hinman, R. S.},
  year = {2018},
  month = jun,
  journal = {Osteoarthritis and Cartilage},
  volume = {26},
  number = {6},
  pages = {741--750},
  issn = {1063-4584},
  doi = {10.1016/j.joca.2018.02.909},
  urldate = {2024-03-26},
  abstract = {Objective Physiotherapists typically prescribe exercise therapy for people with osteoarthritis (OA) via face-to-face consultations. This study aimed to explore peoples' perceptions of exercise therapy delivered by physiotherapists via telephone for their knee OA. Design A qualitative study (based on interpretivist methodology) embedded within a randomised controlled trial. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with 20 people with knee OA who had received exercise advice and support from one of eight physiotherapists via telephone over 6~months. Interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed. Results Although people with OA were initially sceptical about receiving exercise therapy via telephone, they described mostly positive experiences, valuing the convenience and accessibility. However, some desired visual contact with the physiotherapist and suggested including video-conferencing calls or an initial in-person clinic visit. Participants valued the sense of undivided focus and attention they received from the physiotherapist and believed that they were able to communicate effectively via telephone. Participants felt confident performing their exercise program without supervision and described benefits including increased muscular strength, improved pain, and ability to perform tasks that they had not been previously able to. Conclusions People with knee OA held mostly positive perceptions about receiving exercise therapy from a physiotherapist via telephone, suggesting that such a service is broadly acceptable to consumers. Such services were generally not viewed as a substitute for face-to-face physiotherapy care, but rather as a new option that could increase accessibility of physiotherapy services, particularly for follow-up consultations.},
  keywords = {Exercise,MSHIcapstone,Osteoarthritis,Physiotherapy,Qualitative,telehealth,Telephone,Telerehabilitation},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/4N7FH5SB/Lawford et al. - 2018 - “I was really sceptical...But it worked really wel.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/487S8944/S1063458418311063.html}
}

@article{leeFeasibilitySatisfactionOnline2020,
  title = {The Feasibility and Satisfaction of an Online Global Health Education Course at a Single Medical School: A Retrospective Study},
  shorttitle = {The Feasibility and Satisfaction of an Online Global Health Education Course at a Single Medical School},
  author = {Lee, Su-Jin and Park, Jayoung and Lee, Yoon Jung and Lee, Sira and Kim, Woong-Han and Yoon, Hyun Bae and Lee, Su-Jin and Park, Jayoung and Lee, Yoon Jung and Lee, Sira and Kim, Woong-Han and Yoon, Hyun Bae},
  year = {2020},
  month = nov,
  journal = {Korean Journal of Medical Education},
  volume = {32},
  number = {4},
  pages = {307--315},
  publisher = {Korean Society of Medical Education},
  issn = {2005-727X, 2005-7288},
  doi = {10.3946/kjme.2020.178},
  urldate = {2023-07-31},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/5UVPTPWD/Lee et al. - 2020 - The feasibility and satisfaction of an online glob.pdf}
}

@article{leeParticipatoryPersuasiveTelehealth2012,
  title = {Participatory and {{Persuasive Telehealth}}},
  author = {Lee, Duckki and Helal, Sumi and Anton, Steve and De Deugd, Scott and Smith, Andy},
  year = {2012},
  month = apr,
  journal = {Gerontology},
  volume = {58},
  number = {3},
  pages = {269--281},
  issn = {0304-324X},
  doi = {10.1159/000329892},
  urldate = {2024-06-10},
  abstract = {Technological advances in telehealth systems are primarily focused on sensing and monitoring. However, these systems are limited in that they only rely on sensors and medical devices to obtain vital signs. New research and development are urgently needed to offer more effective and meaningful interactions between patients, medical professionals and other individuals around the patients. Social networking with Web 2.0 technologies and methods can meet these demands, and help to develop a more complete view of the patient. Also many people, including the elderly, may be resistant to change, which can reduce the efficacy of telehealth systems. Persuasive technology and mechanisms are urgently needed to counter this resistance and promote healthy lifestyles. In this paper, we propose the participatory and persuasive telehealth system as a solution for these two limitations. By integrating connected health solutions with social networking and adding persuasive influence, we increase the chances for effective interventions and behavior alterations.},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/MAHC9SAV/Lee et al. - 2012 - Participatory and Persuasive Telehealth.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/CVQ8UEGK/Participatory-and-Persuasive-Telehealth.html}
}

@article{leeTelehealthPhysicalTherapy2018,
  title = {Telehealth {{Physical Therapy}} in {{Musculoskeletal Practice}}},
  author = {Lee, Alan C. and Davenport, Todd E. and Randall, Ken},
  year = {2018},
  month = oct,
  journal = {Journal of Orthopaedic \& Sports Physical Therapy},
  volume = {48},
  number = {10},
  pages = {736--739},
  publisher = {Journal of Orthopaedic \& Sports Physical Therapy},
  issn = {0190-6011},
  doi = {10.2519/jospt.2018.0613},
  urldate = {2022-08-05},
  abstract = {Telehealth physical therapy has the potential to transform many critical areas of care in musculoskeletal practice. However, the amount of hype around telehealth needs to be carefully examined, because widespread implementation has been stalled by payment and regulatory barriers in physical therapy. The purposes of this Viewpoint are to highlight (1) the current level of implementation, (2) telehealth musculoskeletal evidence, and (3) future opportunities in the digital age. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2018;48(10):736--739. doi:10.2519/jospt.2018.0613},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone,policy,technology,telehealth,telerehabilitation},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/DNMY2E8T/Lee et al. - 2018 - Telehealth Physical Therapy in Musculoskeletal Pra.pdf}
}

@article{lemieuxFeasibilityImplementingEnglish2021,
  title = {The Feasibility of Implementing an {{English}} Language Version of {{GLA}}:{{D Back}}},
  author = {Lemieux, J and Kawchuk, G and Kongsted, A and Hartvigsen, J and Abdollah, V and Jones, A},
  year = {2021},
  month = dec,
  journal = {Pilot and Feasibility Studies},
  volume = {7},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1--12},
  publisher = {BioMed Central},
  doi = {10.1186/s40814-020-00758-z},
  abstract = {Background Evidenced-based clinical guidelines for the treatment of low back pain (LBP) consistently suggest educating patients about their back pain, its natural course, and providing advice to keep active and continue working. Despite this evidence, clinicians routinely do not follow these recommendations resulting in ineffective and fragmented care. GLA:D{\textregistered} Back, a standardized care package, was originally developed in Denmark to assist clinicians in implementing evidence-based care. This study will evaluate the feasibility of implementing the English version of the Danish GLA:D{\textregistered} Back program in Alberta, Canada. Methods Thirty-five clinicians from nineteen clinics in Alberta, Canada, participated. Feasibility of program implementation, our primary objective, was evaluated within 3 months. Feasibility success was defined as 50\% clinician/clinic adoption in addition to 66--88 enrolled participants registered in the database. Our secondary objectives included collecting data pertaining to clinician confidence, attitudes and behaviour of treating patients, perceived barriers and facilitators of program in addition to collecting patient-data regarding pain, function, general health and self-efficacy. Results The majority of the clinics (15/19, 79\%) offered GLA:D{\textregistered} Back to their patients within the study period. Of the participating clinicians, GLA:D{\textregistered} Back was delivered by (25/35, 71\%) of clinicians. In total, 78 patients were enrolled in the program and (69/78, 88\%) participants attended the final assessment. Secondarily, clinicians demonstrated a biomedical and behavioural orientation along with high confidence when treating LBP patients while patient outcomes trended toward improvement. Conclusion The English translation of the Danish GLA:D Back program was feasible for Albertan clinicians to implement into practice in both urban and rural settings.},
  date-added = {2021-02-27T02:40:01GMT},
  date-modified = {2022-03-21T19:09:55GMT},
  langid = {english},
  local-url = {file://localhost/Users/nately/Dropbox/Articles/Library.papers3/P/2021/Lemieux/2021\%20Lemieux\%20Pilot\%20Feasibility\%20Stud.pdf},
  rating = {0},
  uri = {papers3://publication/doi/10.1186/s40814-020-00758-z},
  keywords = {GLA:D back,GLA:D Back,MSHIcapstone,obsidian},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/PMQP3X89/2021 Lemieux Pilot Feasibility Stud.pdf}
}

@article{lewkowiczDigitalTherapeuticCare2021,
  title = {Digital {{Therapeutic Care}} and {{Decision Support Interventions}} for {{People With Low Back Pain}}: {{Systematic Review}}},
  shorttitle = {Digital {{Therapeutic Care}} and {{Decision Support Interventions}} for {{People With Low Back Pain}}},
  author = {Lewkowicz, Daniel and Slosarek, Tamara and Wernicke, Sarah and Winne, Antonia and Wohlbrandt, Attila M and Bottinger, Erwin},
  year = {2021},
  month = nov,
  journal = {JMIR Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies},
  volume = {8},
  number = {4},
  pages = {e26612},
  issn = {2369-2529},
  doi = {10.2196/26612},
  urldate = {2023-03-18},
  abstract = {Background: Low back pain (LBP) is the leading cause of worldwide years lost because of disability, with a tremendous economic burden for health care systems. Digital therapeutic care (DTC) programs provide a scalable, universally accessible, and low-cost approach to the multidisciplinary treatment of LBP. Moreover, novel decision support interventions such as personalized feedback messages, push notifications, and data-driven activity recommendations amplify DTC by guiding the user through the program while aiming to increase overall engagement and sustainable behavior change. Objective: This systematic review aims to synthesize recent scientific literature on the impact of DTC apps for people with LBP and outline the implementation of add-on decision support interventions, including their effect on user retention and attrition rates. Methods: We searched bibliographic databases, including MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and the Physiotherapy Evidence Database, from March 1, 2016, to October 15, 2020, in accordance with the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines and conducted this review based on related previously published systematic reviews. Besides randomized controlled trials (RCTs), we also included study designs with the evidence level of at least a retrospective comparative study. This enables the consideration of real-world user-generated data and provides information regarding the adoption and effectiveness of DTC apps in a real-life setting. For the appraisal of the risk of bias, we used the Risk of Bias 2 Tool and the Risk of Bias in Non-Randomized Studies of Interventions Tool for the RCTs and nonrandomized trials, respectively. The included studies were narratively synthesized regarding primary and secondary outcome measures, DTC components, applied decision support interventions, user retention, and attrition rates. Results: We retrieved 1388 citations, of which 12 studies are included in this review. Of the 12 studies, 6 (50\%) were RCTs and 6 (50\%) were nonrandomized trials. In all included studies, lower pain levels and increased functionality compared with baseline values were observed in the DTC intervention group. A between-group comparison revealed significant improvements in pain and functionality levels in 67\% (4/6) of the RCTs. The study population was mostly homogeneous, with predominantly female, young to middle-aged participants of normal to moderate weight. The methodological quality assessment revealed moderate to high risks of biases, especially in the nonrandomized trials. Conclusions: This systematic review demonstrates the benefits of DTC for people with LBP. There is also evidence that decision support interventions benefit overall engagement with the app and increase participants' ability to self-manage their recovery process. Finally, including retrospective evaluation studies of real-world user-generated data in future systematic reviews of digital health intervention trials can reveal new insights into the benefits, challenges, and real-life adoption of DTC programs.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/ASU223TZ/Lewkowicz et al. - 2021 - Digital Therapeutic Care and Decision Support Inte.pdf}
}

@article{liImpactFitnessInfluencers2023,
  title = {The {{Impact}} of {{Fitness Influencers}} on a {{Social Media Platform}} on {{Exercise Intention}} during the {{COVID-19 Pandemic}}: {{The Role}} of {{Parasocial Relationships}}},
  shorttitle = {The {{Impact}} of {{Fitness Influencers}} on a {{Social Media Platform}} on {{Exercise Intention}} during the {{COVID-19 Pandemic}}},
  author = {Li, Wenjia and Ding, Huangyi and Xu, Guifen and Yang, Jidong},
  year = {2023},
  month = jan,
  journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health},
  volume = {20},
  number = {2},
  pages = {1113},
  publisher = {Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute},
  issn = {1660-4601},
  doi = {10.3390/ijerph20021113},
  urldate = {2024-07-18},
  abstract = {In the context of COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns, fitness influencers on social media are greatly involved in people's home fitness processes, but there is limited research examining the role of fitness influencers on social media in exercise intention. This study aimed to explore whether people's perceptions of the personal attributes and content quality of fitness influencers can promote a strong emotional connection between the two, thereby influencing people's exercise intentions. Based on the theory of the parasocial relationship, we investigated the influence of social attractiveness (SA), physical attractiveness (PA), task attractiveness (TA), and content quality (CQ) of fitness influencers on the parasocial relationships (PSRs) between viewers and fitness influencers on social media and whether PSRs positively contribute to viewers' exercise intentions (EI). The results revealed that SA, PA, TA, and CQ have positive influences on PSRs and CQ; PSRs directly contribute to EI; and PSRs have a mediating effect between EI and CQ. This study provides new insights into understanding the relationship between fitness influencers and people's online fitness behaviors.},
  copyright = {http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {COVID-19,engagement,exercise intention,fitness,fitness influencer,fitness video,influencer,intimacy,MSHIcapstone,obsidian,parasocial relationships,personal attributes,social media},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/ANP4448I/Li et al. - 2023 - The Impact of Fitness Influencers on a Social Media Platform on Exercise Intention during the COVID-.pdf}
}

@misc{lindsayAddressingZoomFatigue2021,
  title = {Addressing ``{{Zoom Fatigue}}'' --- {{A Professional Assessment}}},
  author = {Lindsay, Alex},
  year = {2021},
  month = mar,
  journal = {GearMediaTech},
  urldate = {2024-06-03},
  abstract = {While academic research on ``Zoom Fatigue'' has become popular, a professional view of the subject may be useful.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Fatigue,virtual,Zoom},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/EDGEYZDP/addressing-zoom-fatigue-a-professional-assessment-6935f36709c2.html}
}

@misc{lindsayHowProduceGreat2019,
  title = {How to {{Produce}} a {{Great Livestreamed Event}} on {{Any Budget}}: {{Part}} 2},
  shorttitle = {How to {{Produce}} a {{Great Livestreamed Event}} on {{Any Budget}}},
  author = {Lindsay, Alex},
  year = {2019},
  month = nov,
  journal = {OneZero},
  urldate = {2024-06-03},
  abstract = {What works and what doesn't when going live on Twitch, YouTube, Facebook Live, or anywhere else},
  langid = {english},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/J6Q84I2U/how-to-produce-a-great-livestreamed-event-on-any-budget-part-2-ebafe26b791e.html}
}

@misc{lindsayHowProduceGreat2019a,
  title = {How to {{Produce}} a {{Great Livestreamed Event}} on {{Any Budget}}},
  author = {Lindsay, Alex},
  year = {2019},
  month = oct,
  journal = {OneZero},
  urldate = {2024-06-03},
  abstract = {Practical tips for going live on Twitch, YouTube, Facebook Live, or anywhere else},
  langid = {english},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/C6KYLYZS/how-to-produce-a-great-livestreamed-event-on-any-budget-8d860c328e5d.html}
}

@misc{lindsayVirtualConferencesPrimer2020,
  title = {Virtual {{Conferences}}: {{A Primer}}},
  shorttitle = {Virtual {{Conferences}}},
  author = {Lindsay, Alex},
  year = {2020},
  month = mar,
  journal = {GearMediaTech},
  urldate = {2024-06-03},
  abstract = {As a growing number of conferences fall victim to COVID-19, discussions about virtual conferences have begun to swirl again. Overall, many{\dots}},
  langid = {english},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/F9QPZGYY/Lindsay - 2020 - Virtual Conferences A Primer.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/D5QJMU8A/virtual-conferences-a-primer-779854fcef1f.html}
}

@article{linWhatDoesBest2019,
  title = {What Does Best Practice Care for Musculoskeletal Pain Look like? {{Eleven}} Consistent Recommendations from High-Quality Clinical Practice Guidelines: Systematic Review.},
  author = {Lin, Ivan and Wiles, Louise and Waller, Rob and Goucke, Roger and Nagree, Yusuf and Gibberd, Michael and Straker, Leon and Maher, Chris G and O'Sullivan, Peter P B},
  year = {2019},
  month = mar,
  journal = {British Journal of Sports Medicine},
  volume = {54},
  number = {2},
  pages = {bjsports--2018--099878--86},
  publisher = {{BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine}},
  doi = {10.1136/bjsports-2018-099878},
  abstract = {OBJECTIVES:To identify common recommendations for high-quality care for the most common musculoskeletal (MSK) pain sites encountered by clinicians in emergency and primary care (spinal (lumbar, thoracic and cervical), hip/knee (including osteoarthritis [OA] and shoulder) from contemporary, high-quality clinical practice guidelines (CPGs). DESIGN:Systematic review, critical appraisal and narrative synthesis of MSK pain CPG recommendations. ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA:Included MSK pain CPGs were written in English, rated as high quality, published from 2011, focused on adults and described development processes. Excluded CPGs were for: traumatic MSK pain, single modalities (eg, surgery), traditional healing/medicine, specific disease processes (eg, inflammatory arthropathies) or those that required payment. DATA SOURCES:Four scientific databases (MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and Physiotherapy Evidence Database) and four guideline repositories. RESULTS:6232 records were identified, 44 CPGs were appraised and 11 were rated as high quality (low back pain: 4, OA: 4, neck: 2 and shoulder: 1). We identified 11 recommendations for MSK pain care: ensure care is patient centred, screen for red flag conditions, assess psychosocial factors, use imaging selectively, undertake a physical examination, monitor patient progress, provide education/information, address physical activity/exercise, use manual therapy only as an adjunct to other treatments, offer high-quality non-surgical care prior to surgery and try to keep patients at work. CONCLUSION:These 11 recommendations guide healthcare consumers, clinicians, researchers and policy makers to manage MSK pain. This should improve the quality of care of MSK pain.},
  affiliation = {WA Centre for Rural Health, University of Western Australia, Geraldton, Western Australia, Australia.},
  date-added = {2019-03-10T21:06:06GMT},
  date-modified = {2022-03-21T19:08:57GMT},
  langid = {english},
  local-url = {file://localhost/Users/nately/Dropbox/Articles/Library.papers3/Files/D0/D092A902-9C76-4F3B-9A2C-91A2A2DA5502.pdf},
  pmid = {30826805},
  rating = {0},
  read = {Yes},
  uri = {papers3://publication/doi/10.1136/bjsports-2018-099878},
  keywords = {low back pain},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/47KGNYBU/Lin et al. - 2019 - What does best practice care for musculoskeletal p.pdf}
}

@inproceedings{liuHowCanLive2021,
  title = {How Can Live Streamers Enhance Viewer Engagement in {{eCommerce}} Streaming?},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 54th {{Hawaii International Conference}} on {{System Sciences}}},
  author = {Liu, Gloria H. W. and Sun, Mengdi and Lee, Neil Chueh-An},
  year = {2021},
  month = jan,
  eprint = {10125/70989},
  eprinttype = {hdl},
  doi = {10.24251/HICSS.2021.375},
  urldate = {2024-05-28},
  abstract = {eCommerce live streaming has enabled new forms of customer engagement, where live streamers, viewers and platform owners engage each other in real time to hawk and trade goods and services. Central to live streaming sales are live streamers. It is therefore critical to discover techniques to maximize live streamers' engagement with viewers. Based on the intimacy theory, we propose the perceived intimacy live streamers created improves online engagement with viewers. Our survey results suggest streamers' authenticity, attitudinal similarity and customer response capability enhance intimacy perceived by online viewers, leading to viewers' online engagement. Contributions of our study are discussed.},
  isbn = {978-0-9981331-4-0},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {ecommerce,engagement,intimacy theory,live streaming,MSHIcapstone,obsidian},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/WTTQEUV2/Liu et al. - 2021 - How can live streamers enhance viewer engagement in eCommerce streaming.pdf}
}

@article{loGhana3DTelemedicine2024,
  title = {Ghana {{3D Telemedicine International MDT}}: {{A}} Proof-of-Concept Study},
  shorttitle = {Ghana {{3D Telemedicine International MDT}}},
  author = {Lo, Steven and Rose, Anna and Fowers, Spencer and Darko, Kwame and Britto, Andrea and Spina, Thiago and Ankrah, Levi and Godonu, Arnold and Ntreh, Daniel and Lalwani, Ruchi and Graham, Catriona and Tittsworth, David and McIntyre, Aileen and O'Dowd, Chris and Watson, Stuart and Maguire, Roma and Hoak, Amber and Ampomah, Opoku and Cutler, Ben},
  year = {2024},
  month = jan,
  journal = {Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive \& Aesthetic Surgery},
  volume = {88},
  pages = {425--435},
  issn = {1748-6815},
  doi = {10.1016/j.bjps.2023.10.130},
  urldate = {2024-05-22},
  abstract = {A real-time 3D Telemedicine system~--~leveraging Microsoft's Holoportation™ communication technology~--~enabled an~international multidisciplinary team meeting (MDT) to consult with complex reconstructive patients before, during, and after an overseas surgical collaboration. Methods A proof-of-concept international 3D MDT clinic took place in November 2022, between the Canniesburn Plastic Surgery Unit, UK, and the National Reconstructive Plastic Surgery and Burns Centre, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Ghana. The 3D system was utilised 1) previsit to assess patients and enable logistical planning, 2) on-site in Ghana to further allow patients to see themselves and proposed operations in 3D, and 3) post~visit to debrief the team and patients. Results Four Ghana patients were followed through their patient journey (mandibular ameloblastoma, sarcoma thigh, maxillary tumour, sarcoma back). Thirteen participants (four patients, four Ghana clinicians, and five UK clinicians) completed feedback on the 3D MDT. Outcome measures were rated highly with satisfaction 84.31/100, perceived benefit 4.54/5, overall quality 127.3/147 (Telehealth Usability Questionnaire), and usability 83.2/100 (System Usability Scale). These data show close alignment with that previously published on high-income countries. Conclusions This novel technology has the potential to enhance the delivery of overseas surgical visits to low-to-middle-income countries, by improving planning, informed discussion with patients, expert consensus on complex cases, and fostering engagement with professionals who may be thousands of miles away. This is the first demonstration that real-time 3D Telemedicine can both work, and enhance care within an international MDT clinic, and may thus enable change in the approach to overseas surgical collaborations.},
  keywords = {3D,hologram,Imaging,LMICs,MSHIcapstone,Surgery Plastic,Telehealth,Telemedicine,Three-dimensional,virtual reality},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/FBEANJPF/Lo et al. - 2024 - Ghana 3D Telemedicine International MDT A proof-of-concept study.pdf}
}

@article{louwClinicalApplicationTeaching2016,
  title = {The Clinical Application of Teaching People about Pain},
  author = {Louw, Adriaan and Zimney, Kory and O'Hotto, Christine and Hilton, Sandra},
  year = {2016},
  month = jul,
  journal = {Physiotherapy Theory and Practice},
  volume = {32},
  number = {5},
  pages = {385--395},
  publisher = {Taylor \& Francis},
  issn = {0959-3985},
  doi = {10.1080/09593985.2016.1194652},
  urldate = {2024-09-25},
  abstract = {Teaching people about the neurobiology and neurophysiology of their pain experience has a therapeutic effect and has been referred to as pain neuroscience education (PNE). Various high-quality randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews have shown increasing efficacy of PNE decreasing pain, disability, pain catastrophization, movement restrictions, and healthcare utilization. Research studies, however, by virtue of their design, are very controlled environments and, therefore, in contrast to the ever-increasing evidence for PNE, little is known about the clinical application of this emerging therapy. In contrast, case studies, case series, and expert opinion and perspectives by authorities in the world of pain science provide clinicians with a glimpse into potential ``real'' clinical application of PNE in the face of the ever-increasing chronic pain epidemic. By taking the material from the randomized controlled trials, systematic reviews, case series, case studies, and expert opinion, this article aims to provide a proposed layout of the clinical application of PNE. The article systematically discusses key elements of PNE including examination, educational content, and delivery methods, merging of PNE with movement, goal setting, and progression. This perspectives article concludes with a call for research into the clinical application of PNE.},
  pmid = {27351903},
  keywords = {Application,clinical,education,neuroscience,pain,therapeutic},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/WUP87UUT/Louw et al. - 2016 - The clinical application of teaching people about pain.pdf}
}

@techreport{lucasDeclinesTelemedicineUse2024,
  title = {Declines in Telemedicine Use among Adults: {{United States}}, 2021 and 2022},
  author = {Lucas, Jacqueline and Wang, Xun},
  year = {2024},
  month = jun,
  number = {205},
  address = {Hyattsville, MD},
  institution = {National Center for Health Statistics},
  doi = {10.15620/cdc/154767},
  urldate = {2024-06-22},
  abstract = {Objective---This report examines changes in telemedicine use among U.S. adults between 2021 and 2022 by selected sociodemographic and geographic characteristics. Methods---Data from the 2021 and 2022 National Health Interview Survey were used to assess changes between these 2 years in the percentage of adults who used telemedicine in the previous 12 months, by sex, age, race and Hispanic origin, family income, education, region of residence, urbanization level, and health insurance coverage. Results---Overall, the percentage of adults who used telemedicine in the past 12 months decreased from 37.0\% in 2021 to 30.1\% in 2022. This pattern was observed across several sociodemographic and geographic characteristics, such as sex, family income, education, region, and urbanization level. Women, adults with a college degree or higher, and adults living in more urban areas were all more likely to use telemedicine in 2022. In 2021 and 2022, uninsured adults ages 18--64 were less likely to use telemedicine compared with those who had private or public insurance, while adults age 65 and older who had Medicare only were less likely to use telemedicine compared with those with other types of insurance. However, for both age groups, telemedicine use decreased from 2021 to 2022 for all insurance types except public coverage for adults ages 18--64. Summary---National Health Interview Survey data may be used to monitor national trends and understand patterns of telemedicine use by sociodemographic and geographic characteristics as the transition forward from the global COVID-19 pandemic continues.},
  copyright = {Public Domain},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {data,MSHIcapstone,national,obsidian,survey,telehealth,telemedicine},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/8957WRBD/2021 - National Health Statistics Reports, Number 205, June 20, 2024.pdf}
}

@inproceedings{luImprovingViewerEngagement2019,
  title = {Improving {{Viewer Engagement}} and {{Communication Efficiency}} within {{Non-Entertainment Live Streaming}}},
  booktitle = {Adjunct {{Proceedings}} of the 32nd {{Annual ACM Symposium}} on {{User Interface Software}} and {{Technology}}},
  author = {Lu, Zhicong},
  year = {2019},
  month = oct,
  series = {{{UIST}} '19 {{Adjunct}}},
  pages = {162--165},
  publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {10.1145/3332167.3356879},
  urldate = {2024-06-05},
  abstract = {Live streaming has recently gained worldwide popularity, due to the affordable digital video devices, high-speed Internet access, and social media. While video games and other entertainment content attract a broad audience to live streaming, it has become an important channel for sharing a variety of non-entertainment content, such as civil content, knowledge sharing, and even promoting traditional cultural practices. However, little research has explored the practices and challenges of the vibrant communities of these streamers who share knowledge or showcase cultural practices through live streams, and few tools have been designed and developed to support their needs for engaging viewers and communicate with viewers more efficiently. The goal of my research is to better understand the practices of these streamers and their communities, and to design tools to better support knowledge sharing and cultural heritage preservation through live streaming.},
  isbn = {978-1-4503-6817-9},
  keywords = {collaborative activities,intangible cultural heritage,knowledge sharing,live streaming,social media},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/W36Q75B9/Lu - 2019 - Improving Viewer Engagement and Communication Efficiency within Non-Entertainment Live Streaming.pdf}
}

@article{lvHowLiveStreaming2022,
  title = {How {{Live Streaming Interactions}} and {{Their Visual Stimuli Affect Users}}' {{Sustained Engagement Behaviour}}---{{A Comparative Experiment Using Live}} and {{Virtual Live Streaming}}},
  author = {Lv, Jie and Cao, Cong and Xu, Qianwen and Ni, Linyao and Shao, Xiuyan and Shi, Yangyan},
  year = {2022},
  month = jan,
  journal = {Sustainability},
  volume = {14},
  number = {14},
  pages = {8907},
  publisher = {Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute},
  issn = {2071-1050},
  doi = {10.3390/su14148907},
  urldate = {2024-05-28},
  abstract = {With the massive expansion in live streaming, enhancing the sustained engagement of users has become a key issue in ensuring its success. This study examines the relationship between real-time interaction, user perceptions, user intention to keep using live streaming, and whether this relationship differs between a live and a virtual live streaming environment. Using partial least squares (PLS) structural equation modelling (SEM), this paper analyses 240 valid questionnaire responses and finds that there is a link between real-time interactions, visual stimuli, and users' sustained engagement. This shows that users' active interactions while watching live streaming videos significantly affect their perceptions of social presence and trust, which in turn, affect their sustained engagement behaviour. These effects were found to vary with differences in the live streaming environment. The findings of this paper will play a positive role in understanding the differences between various live streaming environments, in optimizing the design of live streaming content and in improving the perceptions of emotional warmth by live streaming users.},
  copyright = {http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {emotional visual elements,interaction,obsidian,perceived trust,social presence,sustained engagement behaviour},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/76W77I8A/Lv et al. - 2022 - How Live Streaming Interactions and Their Visual Stimuli Affect Users’ Sustained Engagement Behaviou.pdf}
}

@article{lylesUsingElectronicHealth2020,
  title = {Using {{Electronic Health Record Portals}} to {{Improve Patient Engagement}}: {{Research Priorities}} and {{Best Practices}}},
  shorttitle = {Using {{Electronic Health Record Portals}} to {{Improve Patient Engagement}}},
  author = {Lyles, Courtney R. and Nelson, Eugene C. and Frampton, Susan and Dykes, Patricia C. and Cemballi, Anupama G. and Sarkar, Urmimala},
  year = {2020},
  month = jun,
  journal = {Annals of internal medicine},
  volume = {172},
  number = {11 Suppl},
  pages = {S123-S129},
  issn = {0003-4819},
  doi = {10.7326/M19-0876},
  urldate = {2023-10-08},
  abstract = {Ninety percent of health care systems now offer patient portals to access electronic health records (EHRs) in the United States, but only 15\% to 30\% of patients use these platforms. Using PubMed, the authors identified 53 studies published from September 2013 to June 2019 that informed best practices and priorities for future research on patient engagement with EHR data through patient portals, These studies mostly involved outpatient settings and fell into 3 major categories: interventions to increase use of patient portals, usability testing of portal interfaces, and documentation of patient and clinician barriers to portal use. Interventions that used one-on-one patient training were associated with the highest portal use. Patients with limited health or digital literacy faced challenges to portal use. Clinicians reported a lack of workflows to support patient use of portals in routine practice. These studies suggest that achieving higher rates of patient engagement through EHR portals will require paying more attention to the needs of diverse patients and systematically measuring usability as well as scope of content. Future work should incorporate implementation science approaches and directly address the key role of clinicians and staff in promoting portal use.},
  pmcid = {PMC7800164},
  pmid = {32479176},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/6F645WEK/Lyles et al. - 2020 - Using Electronic Health Record Portals to Improve .pdf}
}

@article{maddoxDurableChronicLow2023,
  title = {Durable Chronic Low Back Pain Reductions up to 24 Months after Treatment for an Accessible, 8-Week, in-Home Behavioral Skills--Based Virtual Reality Program: A Randomized Controlled Trial},
  shorttitle = {Durable Chronic Low Back Pain Reductions up to 24 Months after Treatment for an Accessible, 8-Week, in-Home Behavioral Skills--Based Virtual Reality Program},
  author = {Maddox, Todd and Sparks, Charisse and Oldstone, Liesl and Maddox, Roselani and Ffrench, Kelsey and Garcia, Heidy and Krishnamurthy, Parthasarathy and Okhotin, David and Garcia, Laura M and Birckhead, Brandon J and Sackman, Josh and Mackey, Ian and Louis, Robert and Salmasi, Vafi and Oyao, Alexis and Darnall, Beth D},
  year = {2023},
  month = may,
  journal = {Pain Medicine},
  pages = {pnad070},
  issn = {1526-2375, 1526-4637},
  doi = {10.1093/pm/pnad070},
  urldate = {2023-07-05},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/SXIB98SN/Maddox et al. - 2023 - Durable chronic low back pain reductions up to 24 .pdf}
}

@article{madhusudhanEmployerSponsoredHealthCenters2021,
  title = {Employer-{{Sponsored Health Centers Provide Access}} to {{Integrated Care}} via a {{Hybrid}} of {{Virtual}} and {{In-Person Visits}}},
  author = {Madhusudhan, Divya K. and Watts, Sharon A. and Lord, Daniel J. and Ding, Fiona and Lawrence, David C. and Sheldon, Austin and Leonard, James and Bravata, Dena M.},
  year = {2021},
  month = dec,
  journal = {Telemedicine Reports},
  volume = {2},
  number = {1},
  pages = {247--257},
  publisher = {Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers},
  doi = {10.1089/tmr.2021.0027},
  urldate = {2022-11-28},
  abstract = {Background: Since the explosion of telemedicine resulting from the SARS-CoV2 pandemic, employers have been particularly interested in virtual primary care as a novel means of expanding primary care services. The purpose of this study is to describe a model of integrated care delivered both in-person and virtually at employer-sponsored health centers nationwide. The key outcomes of this analysis were the proportion of all care delivered in-person and virtually by clinical discipline, the types of care and member satisfaction for care delivered in-person and virtually, and a description of the use of multiple clinical disciplines by the employee population. Methods: Retrospective observational study comparing health services utilization of primary care, behavioral health, and physical medicine services both in-person and virtually in employer-sponsored clinics between January 1, 2020 and June 30, 2021. Results: Of the 331,967 visits with employer-sponsored health center staff, 63\% were in-person and 37\% were delivered virtually. Most visits were for primary care services (59.5\%), with physical medicine visits and behavioral health visits accounting for 25.1\% and 15.4\%, respectively. Whereas the preponderance of behavioral health visits were virtual visits (72.5\%), less than a quarter (18.2\%) of physical medicine visits were delivered virtually. 19.6\% of patients were seen by more than two clinical disciplines and 2.6\% were seen by three different disciplines. Overall, patients were highly likely to recommend the health center across both modalities (Net Promoter Score 89.1 for in-person care and 88.4 for virtual care). Discussion: The future of employer-sponsored integrated team-based care may require a hybrid approach that can lean heavily on virtual visits but requires the infrastructure necessary for in-person care.},
  keywords = {behavioral health,MSHIcapstone,physical medicine,team-based care,telehealth,telemedicine,virtual primary care},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/ZFM8S8ZM/Madhusudhan et al. - 2021 - Employer-Sponsored Health Centers Provide Access t.pdf}
}

@article{malliarasItsNotHandson2021,
  title = {`{{It}}'s Not Hands-on Therapy, so It's Very Limited': {{Telehealth}} Use and Views among Allied Health Clinicians during the Coronavirus Pandemic},
  shorttitle = {`{{It}}'s Not Hands-on Therapy, so It's Very Limited'},
  author = {Malliaras, P. and Merolli, M. and Williams, C.M. and Caneiro, J.P. and Haines, T. and Barton, C.},
  year = {2021},
  month = apr,
  journal = {Musculoskeletal Science \& Practice},
  volume = {52},
  pages = {102340},
  issn = {2468-8630},
  doi = {10.1016/j.msksp.2021.102340},
  urldate = {2024-03-26},
  abstract = {Background Telehealth services have helped enable continuity of care during the coronavirus pandemic. We aimed to investigate use and views towards telehealth among allied health clinicians treating people with musculoskeletal conditions during the pandemic. Methods Cross-sectional international survey of allied health clinicians who used telehealth to manage musculoskeletal conditions during the coronavirus pandemic. Questions covered demographics, clinician-related factors (e.g. profession, clinical experience and setting), telehealth use (e.g. proportion of caseload, treatments used), attitudes towards telehealth (Likert scale), and perceived barriers and enablers (open questions). Data were presented descriptively, and an inductive thematic content analysis approach was used for qualitative data, based on the Capability-Opportunity-Motivation Behavioural Model. Results 827 clinicians participated, mostly physiotherapists (82\%) working in Australia (70\%). Most (71\%, 587/827) reported reduced revenue (mean (SD) 62\% (24.7\%)) since the pandemic commenced. Median proportion of people seen via telehealth increased from 0\% pre (IQR 0 to 1) to 60\% during the pandemic (IQR 10 to 100). Most clinicians reported managing common musculoskeletal conditions via telehealth. Less than half (42\%) of clinicians surveyed believed telehealth was as effective as face-to-face care. A quarter or less believed patients value telehealth to the same extent (25\%), or that they have sufficient telehealth training (21\%). Lack of physical contact when working through telehealth was perceived to hamper accurate and effective diagnosis and management. Conclusion Although telehealth was adopted by allied health clinicians during the coronavirus pandemic, we identified barriers that may limit continued telehealth use among allied health clinicians beyond the current pandemic.},
  pmcid = {PMC7862900},
  pmid = {33571900},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone,telehealth},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/WBS4FXA9/Malliaras et al. - 2021 - ‘It's not hands-on therapy, so it's very limited’.pdf}
}

@article{maltbyUseTelephoneVideo2023,
  title = {The Use of Telephone and Video Consultations in Upper Limb Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation: {{A}} Scoping Review},
  shorttitle = {The Use of Telephone and Video Consultations in Upper Limb Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation},
  author = {Maltby, Amy and Underhill, Ann and Woodbridge, Sarah},
  year = {2023},
  month = sep,
  journal = {Hand Therapy},
  volume = {28},
  number = {3},
  pages = {89--102},
  issn = {1758-9983},
  doi = {10.1177/17589983231191867},
  urldate = {2024-06-09},
  abstract = {Introduction In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic caused a rapid uptake of virtual consultations (VCs) to minimise disease transmission and for this reason, research into telerehabilitation has been expanding. This review aimed to map and synthesize evidence on the use of VCs in upper limb musculoskeletal rehabilitation, describe key characteristics, and identify gaps in the research. Methods This scoping review investigated synchronous rehabilitation consultations performed over VC. All asynchronous, wearable or pre-recorded technology was excluded. CINAHL Complete, Medline, PEDro, Google Scholar and grey literature sources were searched. Screening and data extraction were done by a single researcher. Frequency counts were used to analyse the data. Results Nineteen studies were identified, with patients with shoulder injury/pain most frequently studied. Most sources (n = 9) used bespoke video programmes. Range of motion (ROM) was the most common assessment (n = 10) and exercise prescription (n = 7) was the most common treatment. Benefits included time and cost savings, maintaining therapeutic relationships and increasing patient independence. Most diagnostic assessments, except joint and nerve tension tests, were found to be reliable and valid. Studies noted increased function in activities, decreased pain and increased ROM after VCs. Limitations included restricted `hands-on' treatment, resource and training concerns and limiting patient factors. Conclusions This review mapped available evidence and identified several gaps in the literature. Further robust research into VCs for hand/wrist disorders, ROM assessment and cost-effectiveness is needed.},
  pmcid = {PMC10581535},
  pmid = {37904901},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/5M2TIG9C/Maltby et al. - 2023 - The use of telephone and video consultations in upper limb musculoskeletal rehabilitation A scoping.pdf}
}

@article{manganelloRelationshipHealthLiteracy2017,
  title = {The {{Relationship}} of {{Health Literacy With Use}} of {{Digital Technology}} for {{Health Information}}: {{Implications}} for {{Public Health Practice}}},
  shorttitle = {The {{Relationship}} of {{Health Literacy With Use}} of {{Digital Technology}} for {{Health Information}}},
  author = {Manganello, Jennifer and Gerstner, Gena and Pergolino, Kristen and Graham, Yvonne and Falisi, Angela and Strogatz, David},
  year = {2017},
  month = jul,
  journal = {Journal of Public Health Management and Practice},
  volume = {23},
  number = {4},
  pages = {380--387},
  issn = {1078-4659},
  doi = {10.1097/PHH.0000000000000366},
  urldate = {2022-11-07},
  langid = {english},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/CXVB7QFS/Manganello et al. - 2017 - The Relationship of Health Literacy With Use of Di.pdf}
}

@article{mangioneOutTouch2024,
  title = {Out of {{Touch}}},
  author = {Mangione, Salvatore and Basile, Maria and Post, Stephen G.},
  year = {2024},
  month = feb,
  journal = {JAMA},
  issn = {0098-7484},
  doi = {10.1001/jama.2024.0888},
  urldate = {2024-02-16},
  abstract = {The skin is our largest sense organ, and touch is the most interactive of all senses. Not surprisingly, the laying on of hands has been an important part of the physician's toolkit since the dawn of medical care. From the Ebers Papyrus of circa 1550 bce to the ``hand healers'' of classical Greece (whose name kheirourgos eventually spawned our modern term ``surgeons''), touch has been the physician's ``professional secret.'' Not anymore.First the obsolescence of bedside interaction owing to the lure of diagnostic technology, then the ``social distancing'' of COVID-19, and ultimately the expansion of telemedicine have all contributed to separate us from patients. Concerns that closeness might be misinterpreted as sexual advance have prompted institutions to offer chaperones for ``nonsensitive'' areas of the examination, whereas some physicians have started to use gloves for interactions that would not normally require them. The result is such a decline in skin-to-skin contact that one is left to wonder whether today's physicians might be more interested in laying on tools rather than hands. The US editor and author Norman Cousins offered the patient's perspective: ``The physician celebrates computerized tomography. The patient celebrates the outstretched hand.'' In fact, the real question is whether the demise of physical contact might have hurt the patient-physician relationship.},
  keywords = {manual therapy,obsidian,physical exam},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/SX9B4EMC/Mangione et al. - 2024 - Out of Touch.pdf}
}

@article{maniValidityReliabilityInternetbased2017,
  title = {Validity and Reliability of {{Internet-based}} Physiotherapy Assessment for Musculoskeletal Disorders: A Systematic Review},
  shorttitle = {Validity and Reliability of {{Internet-based}} Physiotherapy Assessment for Musculoskeletal Disorders},
  author = {Mani, Suresh and Sharma, Shobha and Omar, Baharudin and Paungmali, Aatit and Joseph, Leonard},
  year = {2017},
  month = apr,
  journal = {Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare},
  volume = {23},
  number = {3},
  pages = {379--391},
  publisher = {SAGE Publications},
  issn = {1357-633X},
  doi = {10.1177/1357633X16642369},
  urldate = {2024-06-23},
  abstract = {PurposeThe purpose of this review is to systematically explore and summarise the validity and reliability of telerehabilitation (TR)-based physiotherapy assessment for musculoskeletal disorders.MethodA comprehensive systematic literature review was conducted using a number of electronic databases: PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library and CINAHL, published between January 2000 and May 2015. The studies examined the validity, inter- and intra-rater reliabilities of TR-based physiotherapy assessment for musculoskeletal conditions were included. Two independent reviewers used the Quality Appraisal Tool for studies of diagnostic Reliability (QAREL) and the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) tool to assess the methodological quality of reliability and validity studies respectively.ResultsA total of 898 hits were achieved, of which 11 articles based on inclusion criteria were reviewed. Nine studies explored the concurrent validity, inter- and intra-rater reliabilities, while two studies examined only the concurrent validity. Reviewed studies were moderate to good in methodological quality. The physiotherapy assessments such as pain, swelling, range of motion, muscle strength, balance, gait and functional assessment demonstrated good concurrent validity. However, the reported concurrent validity of lumbar spine posture, special orthopaedic tests, neurodynamic tests and scar assessments ranged from low to moderate.ConclusionTR-based physiotherapy assessment was technically feasible with overall good concurrent validity and excellent reliability, except for lumbar spine posture, orthopaedic special tests, neurodynamic testa and scar assessment.},
  langid = {english},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/IKDUVUYX/Mani et al. - 2017 - Validity and reliability of Internet-based physiotherapy assessment for musculoskeletal disorders a.pdf}
}

@misc{ManualTelehealthAdministered,
  title = {Manual for Telehealth Administered Performance Based Tests},
  publisher = {{Centre for Health, Exercise and Sports Medicine}},
  urldate = {2023-04-12},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/IHS58LWZ/Manual-for-telehealth-administered-performance-based-tests-1.pdf}
}

@techreport{martinezProvidingHealthLiterate2022,
  title = {Providing {{Health Literate Virtual Health Services}}: {{Proceedings}} of a {{Workshop-in Brief}}},
  shorttitle = {Providing {{Health Literate Virtual Health Services}}},
  year = {2022},
  month = feb,
  address = {Washington, D.C.},
  institution = {National Academies Press},
  doi = {10.17226/26490},
  urldate = {2023-06-10},
  collaborator = {Martinez, Rose Marie and McHugh, Kelly and Alper, Joe and {Roundtable on Health Literacy} and {Board on Population Health}},
  keywords = {Health and Medicine--Policy Reviews and Evaluations,MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/DUA8G7M7/Martinez et al. - 2022 - Providing Health Literate Virtual Health Services.pdf}
}

@article{mathewsTelehealthMobileHealth2023,
  title = {Telehealth and {{Mobile Health}}: {{Case Study}} for {{Understanding}} and {{Anticipating Emerging Science}} and {{Technology}}},
  shorttitle = {Telehealth and {{Mobile Health}}},
  author = {Mathews, Debra and Abernethy, Amy and Butte, Atul J. and Ginsburg, Paul and Kocher, Bob and Novelli, Catherine and Sandy, Lewis and Smee, John and Fabi, Rachel and Ii, Anaeze C. Offodile and Sherkow, Jacob S. and Sullenger, Rebecca D. and Freiling, Emma and Balatbat, Celynne},
  year = {2023},
  month = nov,
  journal = {NAM Perspectives},
  issn = {2578-6865},
  doi = {10.31478/202311e},
  urldate = {2024-05-15},
  abstract = {Introduction This case study was developed as one of a set of three studies, focusing on somewhat mature but rapidly evolving technologies. These case studies are intended to draw [{\dots}]},
  langid = {american},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/WCT5K4B5/Mathews et al. - 2023 - Telehealth and Mobile Health Case Study for Understanding and Anticipating Emerging Science and Tec.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/DDIURTE9/telehealth-and-mobile-health-case-study-for-understanding-and-anticipating-emerging-science-and.html}
}

@article{mbadaComparativeEfficacyClinicbased2019,
  title = {Comparative Efficacy of Clinic-Based and Telerehabilitation Application of Mckenzie Therapy in Chronic Low-Back Pain.},
  author = {Mbada, Chidozie E and Olaoye, Mistura I and Dada, Olumide O and Ayanniyi, Olusola and Johnson, Olubusola E and Odole, Adesola C and Ishaya, Gambo P and Omole, Oluwatosin J and Makinde, Moses O},
  year = {2019},
  journal = {International journal of telerehabilitation},
  volume = {11},
  number = {1},
  pages = {41--58},
  doi = {10.5195/ijt.2019.6260},
  abstract = {Studies on validation of telerehabilitation as an effective platform to help manage as well as reduce burden of care for Low-Back Pain (LBP) are sparse. This study compared the effects of Telerehabilitation-Based McKenzie Therapy (TBMT) and Clinic-Based McKenzie Therapy (CBMT) among patients with LBP. Forty-seven consenting patients with chronic LBP who demonstrated 'directional preference' for McKenzie Extension Protocol (MEP) completed this quasi experimental study. The participants were assigned into either the CBMT or TBMT group using block permuted randomization. Participants in the CBMT and TBMT groups received MEP involving a specific sequence of lumbosacral repeated movements in extension aimed to centralize, decrease, or abolish symptoms, thrice weekly for eight weeks. TBMT is a comparable version of CBMT performed in the home with the assistance of a mobile phone app. Outcomes were assessed at the 4th and 8th weeks of the study in terms of Pain Intensity (PI), Back Extensors Muscles' Endurance (BEME), Activity Limitation (AL), Participation Restriction (PR), and General Health Status (GHS). Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Alpha level was set at p{\textexclamdown} 0.05. Within-group comparison across baseline, 4th and 8th weeks indicate that both CBMT and TBMT had significant effects on PI (p=0.001), BEME (p=0.001), AL (p=0.001), PR (p=0.001) and GHS (p=0.001) respectively. However, there were no significant differences (p{\textquestiondown}0.05) in the treatment effects between TBMT and CBMT, except for 'vitality' (p=0.011) scale in the GHS where TBMT led to significantly higher mean score. Mobile-app platform of the McKenzie extension protocol has comparable clinical outcomes with the traditional clinic-based McKenzie Therapy, and thus is an effective supplementary platform for care of patients with low-back pain.},
  affiliation = {DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL REHABILITATION, COLLEGE OF HEALTH SCIENCES, OBAFEMI AWOLOWO UNIVERSITY, ILE - IFE, NIGERIA.},
  date-added = {2020-01-29T19:50:24GMT},
  date-modified = {2022-04-30T18:17:26GMT},
  langid = {english},
  local-url = {file://localhost/Users/nately/Dropbox/Articles/Library.papers3/I/2019/Mbada/2019\%20Mbada\%20Int\%20J\%20Telerehabil-1.pdf},
  pmcid = {PMC6597146},
  pmid = {31341546},
  rating = {0},
  read = {Yes},
  uri = {papers3://publication/doi/10.5195/ijt.2019.6260},
  keywords = {LBP,McKenzie,Telemedicine},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/WBMQUIJM/2019 Mbada Int J Telerehabil-1.pdf}
}

@article{mchughEffectivenessRemoteExercise2022,
  title = {Effectiveness of Remote Exercise Programs in Reducing Pain for Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis: {{A}} Systematic Review of Randomized Trials},
  shorttitle = {Effectiveness of Remote Exercise Programs in Reducing Pain for Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis},
  author = {McHugh, C.G. and Kostic, A.M. and Katz, J.N. and Losina, E.},
  year = {2022},
  month = may,
  journal = {Osteoarthritis and Cartilage Open},
  volume = {4},
  number = {3},
  pages = {100264},
  issn = {2665-9131},
  doi = {10.1016/j.ocarto.2022.100264},
  urldate = {2022-12-22},
  abstract = {Objective Remote knee osteoarthritis (OA) management programs are becoming more popular. This systematic review examined the efficacy of remote exercise programs for relieving pain in persons with knee OA. Design We conducted a search of studies published between January 1st, 2013 to March 31st, 2021 in PubMed, Embase, and MEDLINE. We included randomized trials of patients with knee OA or chronic knee pain, studying interventions with an element of telehealth exercise management, and evaluating knee pain as an outcome. Interventions could include fully remote or both remote and in-person components. We excluded observational cohort studies, pilot studies, and studies with poor Physiotherapy Exercise Database (PEDro) scores. Two reviewers extracted pain data, consisting of mean differences from baseline and between groups, and compared them to minimum clinically important difference (MCID) thresholds. Results We identified 1867 reports, of which eleven trials with a total of 1861 participants met inclusion criteria. Only one trial demonstrated a clinically meaningful change from baseline between groups. Four interventions were found to result in clinically meaningful improvements in pain from baseline. Conclusion This review was limited by variability in outcome measures, intervention content, and comparators. One trial with an inactive control demonstrated clinically meaningful between group differences in pain. All four interventions demonstrating meaningful improvements from baseline included study-initiated communications to discuss and personalize remotely delivered exercise programs. More studies comparing fully or partially remote exercise programs with both active and inactive controls could help optimize the use of remote programs for management of knee OA pain.},
  pmcid = {PMC9718080},
  pmid = {36474946},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/ENKJH7R4/McHugh et al. - 2022 - Effectiveness of remote exercise programs in reduc.pdf}
}

@inproceedings{melhartMomenttomomentEngagementPrediction2020,
  title = {Moment-to-Moment {{Engagement Prediction}} through the {{Eyes}} of the {{Observer}}: {{PUBG Streaming}} on {{Twitch}}},
  shorttitle = {Moment-to-Moment {{Engagement Prediction}} through the {{Eyes}} of the {{Observer}}},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 15th {{International Conference}} on the {{Foundations}} of {{Digital Games}}},
  author = {Melhart, David and Gravina, Daniele and Yannakakis, Georgios N.},
  year = {2020},
  month = sep,
  series = {{{FDG}} '20},
  pages = {1--10},
  publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
  address = {New York, NY, USA},
  doi = {10.1145/3402942.3402958},
  urldate = {2024-05-28},
  abstract = {Is it possible to predict moment-to-moment gameplay engagement based solely on game telemetry? Can we reveal engaging moments of gameplay by observing the way the viewers of the game behave? To address these questions in this paper, we reframe the way gameplay engagement is defined and we view it, instead, through the eyes of a game's live audience. We build prediction models for viewers' engagement based on data collected from the popular battle royale game PlayerUnknown's Battlegrounds as obtained from the Twitch streaming service. In particular, we collect viewers' chat logs and in-game telemetry data from several hundred matches of five popular streamers (containing over 100,000 game events) and machine learn the mapping between gameplay and viewer chat frequency during play, using small neural network architectures. Our key findings showcase that engagement models trained solely on 40 gameplay features can reach accuracies of up to 80\% on average and 84\% at best. Our models are scalable and generalisable as they perform equally well within- and across-streamers, as well as across streamer play styles.},
  isbn = {978-1-4503-8807-8},
  keywords = {artificial neural networks,battle royale games,engagement,Machine learning,PUBG,streaming,viewer modelling},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/ZX4G5IN6/Melhart et al. - 2020 - Moment-to-moment Engagement Prediction through the Eyes of the Observer PUBG Streaming on Twitch.pdf}
}

@article{mesa-castrillonEffectivenessEHealthdeliveredProgram,
  title = {Effectiveness of an {{eHealth-delivered}} Program to {{EMpower People}} with Musculoskeletal Pain in {{Rural Australia}} ({{EMPoweR}}): A Randomised Controlled Trial},
  shorttitle = {Effectiveness of an {{eHealth-delivered}} Program to {{EMpower People}} with Musculoskeletal Pain in {{Rural Australia}} ({{EMPoweR}})},
  author = {{Mesa-Castrillon}, Carlos I. and Simic, Milena and Ferreira, Manuela L. and Bennell, Kim L. and Luscombe, Georgina M. and Gater, Kristy and Beckenkamp, Paula R and Michell, Antonio and Bauman, Adrian and {de Luca}, Katie and Bunker, Stephen and Clavisi, Ornella and Ferreira, Paulo H.},
  journal = {Arthritis Care \& Research},
  volume = {n/a},
  number = {n/a},
  issn = {2151-4658},
  doi = {10.1002/acr.25272},
  urldate = {2023-12-01},
  abstract = {Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of a three-month physiotherapist-delivered eHealth physical activity program compared with usual care to improve function in adults with low back pain or knee osteoarthritis in rural Australia. Methods Parallel, two-group, pragmatic, superiority, randomised controlled trial involving three and six-month post-treatment follow-ups. Participants/setting 156 adults with chronic non-specific low back pain (n=97) or knee osteoarthritis (n=59) from rural Australia. Intervention eHealth physical activity and exercise program that included five to eight teleconsultations with a physiotherapist (primary time-point 3 months), or usual care (e.g., general practitioner, physiotherapy, pain medication). Results The primary outcome was the Patient-Specific Functional Scale (PSFS) (0-30), with a 3-point difference between groups being considered the minimum clinically important difference. Results Participants receiving the eHealth intervention (n=78) reported significantly greater and clinically worthwhile improvements in function (mean between-group difference 3.6; 95\% confidence interval [CI] 1.3 to 5.9) compared to participants receiving usual care (n=78). Small but statistically significantly greater improvements in disability (7.2/100; 95\%CI 2.1 to 12.3), and quality of life (4.5/100; 95\%CI 0.0 to 9.0) also favoured the eHealth group. No clinical or statistical differences between groups were found for the secondary outcomes of pain, coping skills, and physical activity levels. Conclusion An eHealth physiotherapist-delivered intervention is effective and provides clinically meaningful improvements in function compared to usual care for people with musculoskeletal pain in rural communities. These findings highlight the potential for eHealth-based programs to improve access to evidence-based exercise interventions for people with musculoskeletal pain in rural communities.},
  copyright = {This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/T72GCMHV/Mesa-Castrillon et al. - Effectiveness of an eHealth-delivered program to EMpower People with musculoskeletal pain in Rural A.pdf}
}

@misc{mollaTellYourBoss2022,
  title = {Tell Your Boss: {{Working}} from Home Is Making You More Productive},
  shorttitle = {Tell Your Boss},
  author = {Molla, Rani},
  year = {2022},
  month = may,
  journal = {Vox},
  urldate = {2024-06-27},
  abstract = {Employers are missing out by calling workers back to the office.},
  langid = {american},
  keywords = {productivity,remote,WFH},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/C98BGSMR/work-from-home-productivity.html}
}

@article{monachelliDesigningMHealthApps2024,
  title = {Designing {{mHealth Apps}} to {{Incorporate Evidence-Based Techniques}} for {{Prolonging User Engagement}}},
  author = {Monachelli, Rebecca and Davis, Sharon Watkins and Barnard, Allison and Longmire, Michelle and Docherty, John P. and {Oakley-Girvan}, Ingrid},
  year = {2024},
  month = mar,
  journal = {Interactive Journal of Medical Research},
  volume = {13},
  number = {1},
  pages = {e51974},
  publisher = {JMIR Publications Inc., Toronto, Canada},
  doi = {10.2196/51974},
  urldate = {2024-06-10},
  abstract = {Maintaining user engagement with mobile health (mHealth) apps can be a challenge. Previously, we developed a conceptual model to optimize patient engagement in mHealth apps by incorporating multiple evidence-based methods, including increasing health literacy, enhancing technical competence, and improving feelings about participation in clinical trials. This viewpoint aims to report on a series of exploratory mini-experiments demonstrating the feasibility of testing our previously published engagement conceptual model. We collected data from 6 participants using an app that showed a series of educational videos and obtained additional data via questionnaires to illustrate and pilot the approach. The videos addressed 3 elements shown to relate to engagement in health care app use: increasing health literacy, enhancing technical competence, and improving positive feelings about participation in clinical trials. We measured changes in participants' knowledge and feelings, collected feedback on the videos and content, made revisions based on this feedback, and conducted participant reassessments. The findings support the feasibility of an iterative approach to creating and refining engagement enhancements in mHealth apps. Systematically identifying the key evidence-based elements intended to be included in an app's design and then systematically testing the implantation of each element separately until a satisfactory level of positive impact is achieved is feasible and should be incorporated into standard app design. While mHealth apps have shown promise, participants are more likely to drop out than to be retained. This viewpoint highlights the potential for mHealth researchers to test and refine mHealth apps using approaches to better engage users.},
  copyright = {Unless stated otherwise, all articles are open-access distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work ("first published in the interactive Journal of Medical Research...") is properly cited with original URL and bibliographic citation information. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on http://www.i-jmr.org/, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.},
  langid = {english},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/THD243CK/e51974.html}
}

@article{monagheshRoleTelehealthCOVID192020,
  title = {The Role of Telehealth during {{COVID-19}} Outbreak: A Systematic Review Based on Current Evidence},
  shorttitle = {The Role of Telehealth during {{COVID-19}} Outbreak},
  author = {Monaghesh, Elham and Hajizadeh, Alireza},
  year = {2020},
  journal = {BMC Public Health},
  volume = {20},
  publisher = {BioMed Central},
  doi = {10.1186/s12889-020-09301-4},
  urldate = {2023-07-27},
  abstract = {The outbreak of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is a public health emergency of international concern. Telehealth is an effective option to fight the outbreak of COVID-19. The aim of this systematic review was to identify the role of telehealth services ...},
  langid = {english},
  pmid = {32738884},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/QDW4N3UZ/Monaghesh and Hajizadeh - 2020 - The role of telehealth during COVID-19 outbreak a.pdf}
}

@article{mooreImpactPublicHealth2022,
  title = {The Impact and Public Health Response of Chiropractors to the {{COVID-19}} Pandemic: A Survey across Four Continents},
  shorttitle = {The Impact and Public Health Response of Chiropractors to the {{COVID-19}} Pandemic},
  author = {Moore, Craig and Wong, Arnold Y. L. and {de Luca}, Katie and De Carvalho, Diana and Johansson, Melker S. and Pohlman, Katherine A. and Miller, Amy and Funabashi, Martha and Dougherty, Paul and French, Simon and Adams, Jon and Kawchuk, Greg},
  year = {2022},
  month = dec,
  journal = {Chiropractic \& Manual Therapies},
  volume = {30},
  number = {1},
  pages = {24},
  issn = {2045-709X},
  doi = {10.1186/s12998-022-00432-6},
  urldate = {2022-05-09},
  abstract = {Abstract                            Background               The unprecedented impact of COVID-19 on healthcare professionals has implications for healthcare delivery, including the public health guidance provided to patients. This study aims to assess the response and impact of COVID-19 on chiropractors internationally, and examines the public health response of chiropractors to the COVID-19 pandemic practising under a musculoskeletal spine-care versus subluxation-based care paradigm.                                         Methods               A survey was distributed to chiropractors in Australia, Canada, Denmark, Hong Kong, United Kingdom and United States (Oct. 2nd--Dec. 22nd, 2020) via professional bodies/publications, and social media. Questions were categorised into three domains: socio-demographic, public health response and business/financial impact. Multivariable logistic regression explored survey items associated with chiropractors practising under different self-reported paradigms.                                         Results               A total of 2061 chiropractors representing four global regions completed the survey. Our recruitment method did not allow the calculation of an accurate response rate. The vast majority initiated COVID-19 infection control changes within their practice setting, including increased disinfecting of treatment equipment (95\%), frequent contact areas (94\%) and increased hand hygiene (94\%). While findings varied by region, most chiropractors (85\%) indicated that they had implemented regulator advice on the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). Suspension of face-to-face patient care during the peak of the pandemic was reported by 49\% of the participants with 26\% implementing telehealth since the pandemic began. Chiropractors practising under a musculoskeletal spine-care paradigm were more likely to implement some/all regulator advice on patient PPE use (odds ratio [OR]\,=\,3.25; 95\% confidence interval [CI]: 1.57, 6.74) and practitioner PPE use (OR\,=\,2.59; 95\% CI 1.32, 5.08); trust COVID-19 public health information provided by government/World Health Organisation/chiropractic bodies (OR\,=\,2.47; 95\% CI 1.49, 4.10), and initiate patient telehealth in response to COVID-19 (OR\,=\,1.46; 95\% CI 1.02, 2.08) compared to those practising under a subluxation-based paradigm.                                         Conclusions               Chiropractors who responded to our survey made substantial infectious control changes in response to COVID-19. However, there was regional variation in the implementation of the advised practitioner and patient use of PPE and limited overall use of telehealth consultations by chiropractors during COVID-19. Musculoskeletal spine-care chiropractors were more adaptive to certain COVID-19 public health changes within their practice setting than subluxation-based chiropractors.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone,ResearchGate},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/WQV2ELCI/Moore et al. - 2022 - The impact and public health response of chiroprac.pdf}
}

@article{mullerTherapeuticRelationshipTelephonedelivered2015,
  title = {The Therapeutic Relationship in Telephone-Delivered Support for People Undertaking Rehabilitation: A Mixed-Methods Interaction Analysis},
  shorttitle = {The Therapeutic Relationship in Telephone-Delivered Support for People Undertaking Rehabilitation},
  author = {Muller, Ingrid and Kirby, Sarah and Yardley, Lucy},
  year = {2015},
  month = jun,
  journal = {Disability and Rehabilitation},
  volume = {37},
  number = {12},
  pages = {1060--1065},
  publisher = {Taylor \& Francis},
  issn = {0963-8288},
  doi = {10.3109/09638288.2014.955134},
  urldate = {2024-05-30},
  abstract = {Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify communication features that may affect the development of the therapeutic relationship during telephone support sessions for people undertaking self-directed therapy. Methods: Recorded telephone support sessions of 61 people with chronic dizziness were analysed for communication behaviour using the Roter Interaction Analysis System (RIAS). Working alliance was assessed and was correlated with the RIAS to determine whether communication behaviour affected the therapeutic relationship. Thematic qualitative analysis of support sessions was then carried out to explore the content of sessions with high or low levels of person-centredness. Results: The level of person-centredness was related to the therapeutic relationship. High person-centred sessions were more likely to address concerns and include therapist reassurances about the safety of the treatment and its side effects. Conclusion: It is possible for rehabilitation therapists to build a strong therapeutic relationship very quickly and over the telephone. Person-centred communication is important for the development of the therapeutic relationship during telephone-delivered support. This research suggests how person-centred communicative behaviours, such as reassurance, encouragement and approval could be incorporated into practice.Implications for RehabilitationPerson-centred communication is important for the development of a strong therapeutic relationship during support for self-directed rehabilitation.It is possible for rehabilitation therapists to build a strong therapeutic relationship very quickly and over the telephone.Positive communication behaviours such as encouragement, approval, reassurance of safety, and responsiveness to participant cues aid the therapeutic relationship. Person-centred communication is important for the development of a strong therapeutic relationship during support for self-directed rehabilitation. It is possible for rehabilitation therapists to build a strong therapeutic relationship very quickly and over the telephone. Positive communication behaviours such as encouragement, approval, reassurance of safety, and responsiveness to participant cues aid the therapeutic relationship.},
  pmid = {25156569},
  keywords = {Dizziness,MSHIcapstone,person-centred,roter interaction analysis system,telephone support,therapeutic relationship,vestibular rehabilitation,working alliance},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/WAYPAV5V/Muller et al. - 2015 - The therapeutic relationship in telephone-delivered support for people undertaking rehabilitation a.pdf}
}

@misc{nielsenHaloEffectDefinition2013,
  title = {Halo {{Effect}}: {{Definition}} and {{Impact}} on {{Web User Experience}}},
  shorttitle = {Halo {{Effect}}},
  author = {Nielsen, Jakob and Cardello, Jen},
  year = {2013},
  month = nov,
  journal = {Nielsen Norman Group},
  urldate = {2024-06-02},
  abstract = {The "halo effect" is when one trait of a person or thing is used to make an overall judgment of that person or thing. It supports rapid decisions, even if biased ones.},
  langid = {english},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/5GW7X47V/Nielsen and Cardello - 2013 - Halo Effect Definition and Impact on Web User Experience.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/HFJM4AMT/halo-effect.html}
}

@misc{nielsenTelephoneBestMetaphor1997,
  title = {The {{Telephone}} Is the {{Best Metaphor}} for the {{Web}}},
  author = {Nielsen, Jakob},
  year = {1997},
  month = may,
  journal = {Nielsen Norman Group},
  urldate = {2024-06-02},
  abstract = {The telephone is a better metaphor than television for thinking about the Web and its potential: the Web is a 1-to-1, narrowcast, low bandwidth medium that is user-driven and where everybody can publish content.},
  langid = {english},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/S2H94JZJ/Nielsen - 1997 - The Telephone is the Best Metaphor for the Web.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/BV3R6IA2/the-telephone-is-the-best-metaphor-for-the-web.html}
}

@misc{NorthwestRegionalTelehealth,
  title = {Northwest {{Regional Telehealth Resource Center}}},
  journal = {Northwest Regional Telehealth Resource Center},
  urldate = {2024-02-19},
  howpublished = {https://nrtrc.org/about/region/oregon.shtml},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/TUA54V5Y/oregon.html}
}

@article{ohAgreementConcurrentValidity2024,
  title = {Agreement and Concurrent Validity between Telehealth and In-Person Diagnosis of Musculoskeletal Conditions: A Systematic Review},
  shorttitle = {Agreement and Concurrent Validity between Telehealth and In-Person Diagnosis of Musculoskeletal Conditions},
  author = {Oh, David and To, Daphne and Corso, Melissa and Murnaghan, Kent and Yu, Hainan and Cancelliere, Carol},
  year = {2024},
  month = jun,
  journal = {Chiropractic \& Manual Therapies},
  volume = {32},
  number = {1},
  pages = {21},
  issn = {2045-709X},
  doi = {10.1186/s12998-024-00542-3},
  urldate = {2024-06-21},
  abstract = {To assess the concurrent validity and inter-rater agreement of the diagnosis of musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions using synchronous telehealth compared to standard in-person clinical diagnosis.},
  keywords = {Assessment,Diagnosis,Musculoskeletal conditions,obsidian,Telehealth,Virtual care},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/FKJWUQ6P/Oh et al. - 2024 - Agreement and concurrent validity between telehealth and in-person diagnosis of musculoskeletal cond.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/DB2AF5H5/s12998-024-00542-3.html}
}

@misc{olsenTelehealthUseDeclined2024,
  title = {Telehealth Use Declined across Groups in 2022: Survey},
  shorttitle = {Telehealth Use Declined across Groups in 2022},
  author = {Olsen, ily},
  year = {2024},
  month = jun,
  journal = {HealthcareDive},
  urldate = {2024-06-23},
  abstract = {Telemedicine utilization among adults dipped in 2022, falling from 37\% in 2021 to just over 30\%.}
}

@misc{OpenBroadcasterSoftware,
  title = {Open {{Broadcaster Software}}},
  urldate = {2024-07-23},
  keywords = {live streaming,Open source,Open source software}
}

@article{owusu-akyawConcurrentValidityPatient2019,
  title = {Concurrent Validity of a Patient Self-Administered Examination and a Clinical Examination for Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome},
  author = {{Owusu-Akyaw}, Kwadwo Adu and Hutyra, Carolyn A. and Evanson, Richard J. and Cook, Chad E. and Reiman, Mike and Mather, Richard C.},
  year = {2019},
  month = oct,
  journal = {BMJ Open Sport \& Exercise Medicine},
  volume = {5},
  number = {1},
  pages = {e000574},
  publisher = {BMJ Specialist Journals},
  issn = {2055-7647},
  doi = {10.1136/bmjsem-2019-000574},
  urldate = {2024-09-25},
  abstract = {Objective Telehealth has been established as a viable option for improved access and timeliness of care. Physician-guided patient self-evaluation may improve the viability of telehealth evaluation; however, there are little data evaluating the efficacy of self-administered examination (SAE). This study aims to compare the diagnostic accuracy of a patient SAE to a traditional standardised clinical examination (SCE) for evaluation of femoroacetabular impingement syndrome (FAIS). Methods 75 patients seeking care for hip-related pain were included for participation. All patients underwent both SAE and SCE and were randomised to the order of the examinations. Diagnostic accuracy statistics were calculated for both examination group for a final diagnosis of FAIS. Mean diagnostic accuracy results for each group were then compared using Mann-Whitney U non-parametric tests. Results The diagnostic accuracy of individual SAE and SCE manoeuvres varied widely. Both SAE and SCE demonstrated no to moderate change in post-test probability for the diagnosis of FAIS. Although low, SAE demonstrated a statistically greater mean diagnostic accuracy compared with the SCE (53.6\% vs 45.5\%, p=0.02). Conclusion Diagnostic accuracy was statistically significantly higher for the self-exam than for the traditional clinical exam although the difference may not be clinically relevant. Although the mean accuracy remains relatively low for both exams, these values are consistent with hip exam for FAIS reported in the literature. Having established the validity of an SAE, future investigations will need to evaluate implementation in a telehealth setting.},
  chapter = {Original article},
  copyright = {{\copyright} Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.. This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See:~http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {diagnostic accuracy,FAI,femoroacetabular impingement syndrome,remote,telehealth,validity},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/N22TKJRJ/Owusu-Akyaw et al. - 2019 - Concurrent validity of a patient self-administered examination and a clinical examination for femoro.pdf}
}

@misc{perniceTalkingHeadVideo202017,
  title = {The {{Talking-Head Video}} 2.0: {{Findings}} from {{Eyetracking Research}}},
  shorttitle = {The {{Talking-Head Video}} 2.0},
  author = {Pernice, Kara},
  year = {2017},
  month = aug,
  journal = {Nielsen Norman Group},
  urldate = {2024-06-06},
  abstract = {Even a talking-head video can keep people engaged by varying the camera angle, the facial expression, or the subject of the frame.},
  langid = {english},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/2T8W46DJ/talking-head-video.html}
}

@techreport{perryTelemedicineEnsuringSafe2021,
  type = {White {{Paper}}},
  title = {Telemedicine: {{Ensuring Safe}}, {{Equitable}}, {{Person-Centered Virtual Care}}},
  author = {Perry, Allison F. and Federico, Frank and Huebner, Joellen},
  year = {2021},
  address = {Boston},
  institution = {Institute for Healthcare Improvement},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {equity,telehealth,telemedicine,virtual care},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/D2M8LV7E/Weber - White Paper Telemedicine Ensuring Safe, Equitable, Person-Centered Virtual Care.pdf}
}

@misc{petersenUnifiedTheoryPeloton2021,
  type = {Substack Newsletter},
  title = {Towards a {{Unified Theory}} of {{Peloton}}},
  author = {Petersen, Anne Helen},
  year = {2021},
  month = jun,
  journal = {Culture Study},
  urldate = {2024-07-17},
  abstract = {This is the weekend edition of Culture Study --- the newsletter from Anne Helen Petersen, which you can read about here. If you like it and want more like it in your inbox, consider subscribing. This piece is an experiment. I've been wanting to write a long feature on the various components of Peloton for more than a year --- and have repeatedly found myself intimidated by the scope. Like a lot of deceptively complicated media texts, it deserves a book. But a book of Peloton analysis is not happening. This newsletter-bound serialized analysis is.},
  keywords = {connection,engagement,intimacy,MSHIcapstone,Peloton,virtual},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/RGF7HGDI/towards-a-unified-theory-of-peloton.html}
}

@misc{PhysicianLicense,
  title = {Physician {{License}}},
  journal = {Interstate Medical Licensure Compact},
  urldate = {2024-02-19},
  abstract = {The Interstate Medical Licensure Compact offers a voluntary, expedited pathway to licensure for qualified physicians. Contact us to learn more.},
  howpublished = {https://www.imlcc.org/},
  langid = {american},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/Q2XVRH2R/www.imlcc.org.html}
}

@article{pichePhysicalExaminationSpine2021,
  title = {Physical {{Examination}} of the {{Spine Using Telemedicine}}: {{A Systematic Review}}},
  shorttitle = {Physical {{Examination}} of the {{Spine Using Telemedicine}}},
  author = {Piche, Joshua and Butt, Bilal B. and Ahmady, Arya and Patel, Rakesh and Aleem, Ilyas},
  year = {2021},
  month = sep,
  journal = {Global Spine Journal},
  volume = {11},
  number = {7},
  pages = {1142--1147},
  publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc},
  issn = {2192-5682},
  doi = {10.1177/2192568220960423},
  urldate = {2024-06-09},
  abstract = {Study Design:This is a systematic review.Objective:To systematically review (1) the reliability of the physical examination of the spine using telehealth as it pertains to spinal pathology and (2) patient satisfaction with the virtual spine physical examination.Methods:We searched EMBASE, PubMed, Medline Ovid, and SCOPUS databases from inception until April 2020. Eligible studies included those that reported on performing a virtual spine physical examination. Two reviewers independently assessed all potential studies for eligibility and extracted data. The primary outcome of interest was the reliability of the virtual spine physical exam. Secondary outcomes of interest were patient satisfaction with the virtual encounter.Results:A total of 2321 studies were initially screened. After inclusion criteria were applied, 3 studies (88 patients) were included that compared virtual with in-person spine physical examinations. These studies showed acceptable reliability for portions of the low back virtual exam. Patient satisfaction surveys were conducted in 2 of the studies and showed general satisfaction ({$>$}80\% would recommend).Conclusions:These results suggest that the virtual spine examination may be comparable to the in-person physical examination for low back pain, though there is a significant void in the literature regarding the reliability of the physical examination as it pertains to specific surgical pathology of the spine. Because patients are overall satisfied with virtual spine assessments, validating a virtual physical examination of the spine is an important area that requires further research.},
  langid = {english},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/VJI83DUS/Piche et al. - 2021 - Physical Examination of the Spine Using Telemedicine A Systematic Review.pdf}
}

@article{pirtleTelehealthLegalEthical2019,
  title = {Telehealth: {{Legal}} and {{Ethical Considerations}} for {{Success}}},
  shorttitle = {Telehealth},
  author = {Pirtle, Claude J. and Payne, Kathryn and Drolet, Brian C.},
  year = {2019},
  month = jun,
  journal = {Telehealth and Medicine Today},
  issn = {2471-6960},
  doi = {10.30953/tmt.v4.144},
  urldate = {2024-02-26},
  abstract = {The practice of medicine has advanced significantly from the bloodletting of the 18th century to a surgeon operating remotely through a robot from hundreds of miles away.1 Over the past decade, technology, and particularly telehealth, has become increasingly widespread in global health care delivery.2,3 Telehealth is a general term that describes the use of telecommunication technologies in support of clinical health care, education, and public health.4 Telehealth services include not only traditional video conferencing but also e-mail, remote patient monitoring devices, and even facsimile.5,6 Teleheath technology allows physicians and other providers to consult and assist with data interpretation and patient care regardless of geographic separation. For example, a specialty radiologist may read advanced imaging for a primary care physician in a remote area.\&nbsp;},
  copyright = {Copyright (c) 2019 Claude J. Pirtle, MD, Kathryn Payne, JD, RN, NC-BC, Brian C. Drolet, MD},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone,obsidian,Telemedicine},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/XIHA4YLV/Pirtle et al. - 2019 - Telehealth Legal and Ethical Considerations for S.pdf}
}

@article{postEfficacyTelehealthMovementEvoked2023,
  title = {Efficacy of {{Telehealth}} for {{Movement-Evoked Pain}} in {{People With Chronic Achilles Tendinopathy}}: {{A Noninferiority Analysis}}},
  shorttitle = {Efficacy of {{Telehealth}} for {{Movement-Evoked Pain}} in {{People With Chronic Achilles Tendinopathy}}},
  author = {Post, Andrew A and Rio, Ebonie K and Sluka, Kathleen A and Moseley, G Lorimer and Bayman, Emine O and Hall, Mederic M and De Cesar Netto, Cesar and Wilken, Jason M and Danielson, Jessica and Chimenti, Ruth L},
  year = {2023},
  month = mar,
  journal = {Physical Therapy},
  volume = {103},
  number = {3},
  pages = {pzac171},
  issn = {0031-9023, 1538-6724},
  doi = {10.1093/ptj/pzac171},
  urldate = {2024-07-11},
  abstract = {Objective. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of physical therapy delivered via an all telehealth or hybrid format with an all in-person format on movement-evoked pain for individuals with chronic Achilles tendinopathy (AT). Methods. Sixty-six individuals with chronic AT participated (age, 43.4 [SD = 15.4] years; 56\% female; body mass index, 29.9 [SD = 7.7] kg/m2). Participants completed all in-person visits from the initiation of recruitment in September 2019 to March 16, 2020 (in-person group). From March 17 to July 15, 2020, participants completed all telehealth visits (telehealth group). From July 16, 2020, to enrollment completion in December 2020, participants could complete visits all in-person, all telehealth, or a combination of in-person and telehealth (hybrid group) based on their preference. A physical therapist provided 6 to 7 visits, including an exercise program and patient education. Noninferiority analyses of the telehealth and hybrid groups compared with the in-person group were completed for the primary outcome of movement-evoked pain during single-limb heel raises. Results. All groups demonstrated decreases in movement-evoked pain beyond the minimal clinically important difference from baseline to 8 weeks (2 out of 10 on a numeric pain rating scale). Lower bounds of the 95\% CIs for mean differences between groups did not surpass the preestablished noninferiority margin (2 out of 10) for movement-evoked pain in both the telehealth and hybrid groups (telehealth vs in-person: 0.45 [-1.1 to 2.0]; hybrid vs in-person: 0.48 [-1.0 to 1.9]). Conclusion. Individuals with chronic AT who completed a tendon-loading program with patient education through a telehealth or hybrid format had no worse outcomes for pain than those who received the same intervention through in-person visits. Impact. Physical therapist--directed patient care delivered via telehealth may enhance accessibility to best practice AT rehabilitation, including exercise and education. Use of telehealth technology may also provide an opportunity to prioritize patient preference for physical therapy visit format.},
  copyright = {https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open\_access/funder\_policies/chorus/standard\_publication\_model},
  langid = {english},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/YJ22TXPU/Post et al. - 2023 - Efficacy of Telehealth for Movement-Evoked Pain in People With Chronic Achilles Tendinopathy A Noni.pdf}
}

@article{powellPatientPerceptionsTelehealth2017,
  title = {Patient {{Perceptions}} of {{Telehealth Primary Care Video Visits}}},
  author = {Powell, Rhea E. and Henstenburg, Jeffrey M. and Cooper, Grace and Hollander, Judd E. and Rising, Kristin L.},
  year = {2017},
  month = may,
  journal = {Annals of Family Medicine},
  volume = {15},
  number = {3},
  pages = {225--229},
  issn = {1544-1709},
  doi = {10.1370/afm.2095},
  urldate = {2023-07-14},
  abstract = {PURPOSE Telehealth is a care delivery model that promises to increase the flexibility and reach of health services. Our objective is to describe patient experiences with video visits performed with their established primary care clinicians. METHODS We constructed semistructured, in-depth qualitative interviews with adult patients following video visits with their primary care clinicians at a single academic medical center. Data were analyzed with a content analysis approach. RESULTS: Of 32 eligible patients, 19 were successfully interviewed. All patients reported overall satisfaction with video visits, with the majority interested in continuing to use video visits as an alternative to in-person visits. The primary benefits cited were convenience and decreased costs. Some patients felt more comfortable with video visits than office visits and expressed a preference for receiving future serious news via video visit, because they could be in their own supportive environment. Primary concerns with video visits were privacy, including the potential for work colleagues to overhear conversations, and questions about the ability of the clinician to perform an adequate physical examination. CONCLUSIONS Primary care video visits are acceptable in a variety of situations. Patients identified convenience, efficiency, communication, privacy, and comfort as domains that are potentially important to consider when assessing video visits vs in-person encounters. Future studies should explore which patients and conditions are best suited for video visits.},
  pmcid = {PMC5422083},
  pmid = {28483887},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/YR4FIUBN/Powell et al. - 2017 - Patient Perceptions of Telehealth Primary Care Vid.pdf}
}

@article{puglieseValueCommunicationEducation2020,
  title = {The {{Value}} of {{Communication}}, {{Education}}, and {{Self-Management}} in {{Providing Guideline-Based Care}}: {{Lessons Learned}} from {{Musculoskeletal Telerehabilitation}} during the {{COVID-19 Crisis}}},
  shorttitle = {The {{Value}} of {{Communication}}, {{Education}}, and {{Self-Management}} in {{Providing Guideline-Based Care}}},
  author = {Pugliese, Matthew and Wolff, Aviva},
  year = {2020},
  month = nov,
  journal = {HSS Journal{\textregistered}},
  volume = {16},
  number = {1\_suppl},
  pages = {160--163},
  publisher = {SAGE Publications},
  issn = {1556-3316},
  doi = {10.1007/s11420-020-09784-2},
  urldate = {2024-03-26},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone,telehealth},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/UKPCBEUV/Pugliese and Wolff - 2020 - The Value of Communication, Education, and Self-Ma.pdf}
}

@misc{ReimbursementTelehealthProvider,
  title = {Reimbursement for {{Telehealth}} and {{Provider}} and {{Facility Guidelines}} {\textbar} {{Medicaid}}},
  urldate = {2024-06-25},
  howpublished = {https://www.medicaid.gov/medicaid/benefits/telehealth/reimbursement-for-telehealth-and-provider-and-facility-guidelines/index.html},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/HAHZF3X6/index.html}
}

@misc{ResearchRabbit2024,
  title = {{{ResearchRabbit}}},
  shorttitle = {{{ResearchRabbit}}},
  year = {2024},
  journal = {ResearchRabbit.ai},
  urldate = {2025-07-04},
  abstract = {Discover, visualize, and organize your research faster with ResearchRabbit. Explore papers, track trends, and build citation maps with ease. 🔥},
  howpublished = {https://www.researchrabbit.ai},
  langid = {english}
}

@phdthesis{richardsonPelotonFacilitatorHope2020,
  type = {Capstone {{Project}}},
  title = {Peloton as a {{Facilitator}} of {{Hope}}: {{Pathways}} to {{Initiate}} and {{Sustain Behaviors}} That {{Enhance Well-being}}},
  author = {Richardson, Lisa R},
  year = {2020},
  month = aug,
  urldate = {2024-07-17},
  abstract = {Many individuals wish to change, but struggle to act. The field of positive psychology has advanced the study of well-being, identifying interventions and measurements to enhance the experience of positive emotion and human flourishing. However, identifying pathways to initiate and sustain engagement with these resources remains a critical need for individuals and communities to implement the science of well-being effectively. The following exploratory study examines the user experience of Peloton, an at-home exercise bike that live streams class content, as an opportunity to identify the pathways that initiate and sustain engagement in positive behavior change. A self-report survey of 104 Peloton users is analyzed using Grounded Theory along with a literature review of positive psychology, and performance psychology. Through the analysis, the PERMA well-being framework (Seligman, 2011) and hope (Snyder, 1994) emerge as key theories to facilitate pathways to initiate and sustain users in activity that enhances well-being. A framework and discussion for future directions is proposed emphasizing convenience and pathways of synchronous and asynchronous agency and connection.},
  langid = {english},
  school = {University of Pennsylvania},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/3WBBAELZ/Richardson - Peloton as a Facilitator of Hope Pathways to Initiate and Sustain Behaviors that Enhance Well-being.pdf}
}

@article{richardsonPhysiotherapyAssessmentDiagnosis2017,
  title = {Physiotherapy Assessment and Diagnosis of Musculoskeletal Disorders of the Knee via Telerehabilitation},
  author = {Richardson, Bradley R and Truter, Piers and Blumke, Robert and Russell, Trevor G},
  year = {2017},
  month = jan,
  journal = {Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare},
  volume = {23},
  number = {1},
  pages = {88--95},
  publisher = {SAGE Publications},
  issn = {1357-633X},
  doi = {10.1177/1357633X15627237},
  urldate = {2024-09-25},
  abstract = {IntroductionLower limb musculoskeletal disorders place a heavy burden on healthcare systems. Appropriate management of these conditions is critical, however access to appropriate physiotherapy services is difficult for those in geographically remote areas or those with mobility or transport difficulties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of an online musculoskeletal physiotherapy assessment of the knee complex using telerehabilitation compared to traditional face-to-face assessment.MethodsIn a repeated-measures design, 18 subjects who sought treatment for knee pain underwent a traditional face-to-face assessment and a remote telerehabilitation assessment. Telerehabilitation assessments were conducted with participants performing facilitated self-palpation, self-applied modified orthopaedic tests, active movements and functional tasks.ResultsPrimary pathoanatomical diagnoses were in exact agreement in 67\% of cases and were similar in 89\% of cases. The system of pathology was found to be in agreement in 17 out of 18 cases (94\%). Comparisons of objective findings from the two physical assessments demonstrated substantial agreement (kappa\,=\,0.635) for categorical data and binary data (chi-squared\,=\,400.36; p\,{$<$}\,0.001). A high level of intra-rater (89\%) and moderate level of inter-rater (67\%) reliability was evident for telerehabilitation assessments.DiscussionTelerehabilitation assessment of the knee complex appears to be feasible and reliable. This study has implications for clinical practice and the development of physiotherapy services to address the burden of lower limb musculoskeletal pain and disability.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {assessment,diagnosis,knee,MSK,telehealth,telemedicine,telerehabilitation},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/YKYKUYQ9/Richardson et al. - 2017 - Physiotherapy assessment and diagnosis of musculoskeletal disorders of the knee via telerehabilitati.pdf}
}

@article{rimellInfluenceContentTask2008,
  title = {The Influence of Content, Task and Sensory Interaction on Multimedia Quality Perception},
  author = {Rimell, A. N. and Mansfield, N. J. and Hands, D.},
  year = {2008},
  month = feb,
  journal = {Ergonomics},
  volume = {51},
  number = {2},
  pages = {85--97},
  publisher = {Taylor \& Francis},
  issn = {0014-0139},
  doi = {10.1080/00140130701526432},
  urldate = {2024-06-06},
  abstract = {Human sensory interaction plays an important (but not yet fully understood) role in determining how individuals interact with the world around them. There are numerous types of sensory interaction and this paper examines the interaction of the auditory and visual senses for viewers of multimedia systems. This paper addresses two questions: first, does perception of quality in one modality affect the perception of quality in the other modality and, second, does focusing attention towards one modality affect the viewer's ability to detect errors in the other modality? The perception of audio quality and video quality are closely linked for certain multimedia content. To investigate this relationship, two experiments were conducted where participants were presented with multimedia content where varying distortion had been introduced into both the auditory and visual streams. Participants were asked to state their opinion of the audio, video or overall quality using a standardized scale. Results and subsequent statistical analysis showed that subjective audio quality varied with the video quality and vice versa. Furthermore, when a participant was attending to just one modality, they were less sensitive to reduced quality in the other modality.},
  pmid = {17852366},
  keywords = {Auditory perception,Multimedia system design,Multimodal perception,Visual perception},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/SSIA2XTG/Rimell et al. - 2008 - The influence of content, task and sensory interaction on multimedia quality perception.pdf}
}

@article{risFactorsInfluencingImplementation2021,
  title = {Factors Influencing Implementation of the {{GLA}}:{{D Back}}, an Educational/Exercise Intervention for Low Back Pain: A Mixed-Methods Study},
  shorttitle = {Factors Influencing Implementation of the {{GLA}}},
  author = {Ris, Inge and Boyle, Eleanor and Myburgh, Corrie and Hartvigsen, Jan and Thomassen, Line and Kongsted, Alice},
  year = {2021},
  month = may,
  journal = {Jbi Evidence Implementation},
  volume = {19},
  number = {4},
  pages = {394--408},
  issn = {2691-3321},
  doi = {10.1097/XEB.0000000000000284},
  urldate = {2023-04-22},
  abstract = {Introduction and aims: Guidelines for low back pain (LBP) management recommend patient education and exercises. GLA:D Back, a structured group-based patient-education exercise program for LBP, facilitates evidence-based care implementation. This study aimed to inform on the implementation processes, assessing clinician-related factors. Objectives were to describe profiles of implementers and nonimplementers by demographics, and responses to the tailored version of the Determinants of Implementation Behaviour Questionnaire (DIBQ-t) qualitatively explore clinician perspectives on implementation, and compare the results of the DIBQ-t with the interview data to evaluate their fit of integration for facilitators, barriers, and new insights. Methods: A mixed-methods parallel design study was conducted. Physiotherapists and chiropractors, educated in the GLA:D Back program, were asked to complete the DIBQ-t (measuring theoretical determinants of implementation) 6 months after their training. Implementers and nonimplementers of the program were selected for interviews. Qualitative data were used to understand clinicians' viewpoints on implementation, providing a broader perspective on the quantitative data and exploring new aspects. Results: More physiotherapists than chiropractors implemented the program. Implementers responded more positively on most domains of the DIBQ-t. The interviews revealed three themes important for implementation: personal gain, practicalities, and buying-in on the program. Clinicians' attitudes to the program appeared additionally as relevant to implementation. Conclusion: The profession of the clinician was associated with implementation behavior. Implementers and nonimplementers identified the same themes but perceived them as either positive or negative. Both groups reported high levels of knowledge and skills, indicating that training alone is insufficient for implementation.},
  pmcid = {PMC8635265},
  pmid = {33965996},
  keywords = {GLA:D back,GLA:D Back,MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/NNCRY8TQ/Ris et al. - 2021 - Factors influencing implementation of the GLAD Ba.pdf}
}

@misc{RStudioIDE,
  title = {{{RStudio IDE}}},
  journal = {Posit},
  urldate = {2023-07-24},
  abstract = {The RStudio Integrated Development Environment (IDE) is the preferred tools for data scientists who develop in R \& Python.},
  howpublished = {https://www.posit.co/},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/D93R2KZX/rstudio.html}
}

@misc{RulesLicensurePractice2021,
  title = {Rules for {{Licensure}} to {{Practice Medicine Across State Lines}}},
  year = {2021},
  month = jun,
  urldate = {2024-02-23},
  abstract = {A license to practice across state lines is not required of a physician, (1) Engaging in the practice of medicine across state{\dots}},
  chapter = {Oregon Medical Board},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/RRXGRCS6/oar_847-025-0020.html}
}

@article{saragiottoCanYouBe2022,
  title = {Can You Be a Manual Therapist without Using Your Hands?},
  author = {Saragiotto, Bruno T. and Sandal, Louise F. and Hartvigsen, Jan},
  year = {2022},
  month = nov,
  journal = {Chiropractic \& Manual Therapies},
  volume = {30},
  number = {1},
  pages = {48},
  issn = {2045-709X},
  doi = {10.1186/s12998-022-00457-x},
  abstract = {BACKGROUND: To align with current best practices, manual therapists have refined their treatment options to include exercise and pain education for people with chronic musculoskeletal pain. In this commentary, we suggest that manual therapists should also add telehealth to their toolbox. Thus, we aim to discuss the use of telehealth by manual therapists caring for patients with musculoskeletal disorders. MAIN BODY: Telehealth can be delivered to the patient in different modes, such as real-time clinical contact or asynchronously. Platforms vary from websites and smartphone apps to virtual reality systems. Telehealth may be an effective approach, especially for improving pain and function in people with musculoskeletal pain, and it has the potential to reduce the individual and socioeconomic burden of musculoskeletal conditions. However, the certainty of evidence reported in systematic reviews is often low. Factors such as convenience, flexibility, undivided attention from the clinician, user-friendly platforms, goal setting, and use of evidence-based information are all enablers for telehealth use and improving patients' knowledge, self-efficacy, and self-management. Barriers to widening the use of telehealth in musculoskeletal care include the reliability of technology, data privacy issues, difficult to build therapeutic alliance, one-size-fits-all approaches, digital health literacy, and payment models. CONCLUSION: We suggest that practitioners of manual medicine make telehealth part of their clinical toolbox where it makes sense and where there is evidence that it is beneficial for people who seek their care.},
  langid = {english},
  pmid = {36376968},
  keywords = {Chronic pain,Digital health,MSHIcapstone,Musculoskeletal pain,obsidian,Online,read,Telehealth,Telerehabilitation},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/YZDXBSB7/Saragiotto et al. - 2022 - Can you be a manual therapist without using your h.pdf}
}

@article{saragiottoTelerehabilitationAcuteSubacute,
  title = {Telerehabilitation for Acute, Subacute and Chronic Low Back Pain},
  author = {Saragiotto, Bruno T and Almeida, Lisandra and Costa, Leonardo OP and Maher, Christopher G and Yamato, Ti{\^e} P and Fandim, Junior V and Dear, Blake and Traeger, Adrian C and Kamper, Steven J and Saragiotto, Bruno T},
  journal = {Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews},
  number = {8},
  publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd},
  address = {Chichester, UK},
  issn = {1465-1858},
  urldate = {2024-05-22},
  abstract = {Objectives: This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To evaluate the benefits and harms of telerehabilitation for patients with acute, subacute or chronic non-specific LBP, compared to usual care, no treatment, waiting list, any form of education and advice (remotely or face-to-face), or a similar face-to-face intervention on pain intensity and disability.},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/3QYGFKED/Saragiotto et al. - Telerehabilitation for acute, subacute and chronic low back pain.pdf}
}

@article{saragiottoTelerehabilitationNeckPain,
  title = {Telerehabilitation for Neck Pain},
  author = {Saragiotto, Bruno T and Fandim, Junior V and Costa, Leonardo OP and Yamato, Ti{\^e} P and Almeida, Lisandra and Maher, Christopher G and Dear, Blake and Kamper, Steven J and Saragiotto, Bruno T},
  journal = {Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews},
  number = {3},
  publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd},
  address = {Chichester, UK},
  issn = {1465-1858},
  urldate = {2024-05-22},
  abstract = {Objectives: This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To evaluate the effectiveness of telerehabilitation to improve pain and function compared to no treatment, waiting list, usual care, or any other active intervention in people with acute, subacute and chronic neck pain.},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/3JDCIEJR/Saragiotto et al. - Telerehabilitation for neck pain.pdf}
}

@article{satinVirtualSpineExamination2021,
  title = {The {{Virtual Spine Examination}}: {{Telemedicine}} in the {{Era}} of {{COVID-19}} and {{Beyond}}},
  shorttitle = {The {{Virtual Spine Examination}}},
  author = {Satin, Alexander M. and Lieberman, Isador H.},
  year = {2021},
  month = jul,
  journal = {Global Spine Journal},
  volume = {11},
  number = {6},
  pages = {966--974},
  publisher = {SAGE Publications Inc},
  issn = {2192-5682},
  doi = {10.1177/2192568220947744},
  urldate = {2024-06-23},
  abstract = {Study Design:Narrative review.Objectives:Describe a comprehensive spine telemedicine examination.Methods:We discuss telemedicine examination techniques for commonly encountered spine conditions.Results:Techniques to evaluate gait, the cervical spine, the lumbar spine, adult spinal deformity patients, and adolescent scoliosis patients via telemedicine are described. We review limitations of the spine telemedicine examination and discuss special considerations such as patient safety and criteria for in-person assessment.Conclusions:While there are limitations to the spine telemedicine examination, unique strategies exist to provide important information to the examiner. Efforts have already been undertaken to validate and expand the capabilities of the spine telemedicine examination.},
  langid = {english},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/Z7CSHNQT/Satin and Lieberman - 2021 - The Virtual Spine Examination Telemedicine in the Era of COVID-19 and Beyond.pdf}
}

@article{schellerPowerNursingCourse2021,
  title = {The {{Power}} of {{Nursing Course}}: {{An Innovative Online Synchronous Experience}}},
  shorttitle = {The {{Power}} of {{Nursing Course}}},
  author = {Scheller, Suzanne and Ellis, Kathleen and Clutter, Paula and Landrum, Peggy and Baudler, Barbara and McFarlane, Judith and Lloyd, Rianna},
  year = {2021},
  month = oct,
  journal = {Journal of Nursing Education},
  volume = {60},
  number = {10},
  pages = {594--597},
  publisher = {SLACK Incorporated},
  doi = {10.3928/01484834-20210730-02},
  urldate = {2023-07-24},
  abstract = {BACKGROUND: A nursing didactic and clinical curriculum are missing essential affective experiences to foster a deeper connection to the art of nursing. The Power of Nursing (PON) course was identified as meeting this need. With the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic disruption, faculty gained the opportunity to adapt this discovery model course within the bounds of technology. METHOD: With required modifications, PON was offered as an inaugural online synchronous course using the Zoom platform in its entirety. RESULTS: Participants described feelings of connectedness, an awareness of personal strengths as a health care provider, and a sense of safety and comfort within the virtual platform. Comparing in-person and virtual post-course surveys demonstrated that PON learning experiences can transcend both platforms. CONCLUSION: Currently, with COVID-19 and the need for such transformational experiences, students confirmed that PON can be offered virtually, eliciting the same positive responses to experiential exercises while filling a gap in nursing curricula. [J Nurs Educ. 2021;60(10):594--597.]},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/QE3JC8HG/Scheller et al. - 2021 - The Power of Nursing Course An Innovative Online .pdf}
}

@article{schofieldRegulatoryLegislativeIssues2021,
  title = {Regulatory and Legislative Issues on Telehealth},
  author = {Schofield, Marsha},
  year = {2021},
  journal = {Nutrition in Clinical Practice},
  volume = {36},
  number = {4},
  pages = {729--738},
  issn = {1941-2452},
  doi = {10.1002/ncp.10740},
  urldate = {2024-02-23},
  abstract = {The use of telehealth to deliver health care services in the United States experienced rapid expansion with the advent of the COVID-19 public health emergency (PHE) and associated waivers. Prior to the pandemic, adoption of telehealth by health care providers was hampered by outdated legislative and regulatory barriers at the federal and state levels. This paper provides a review of the legislative and regulatory landscape for telehealth in the United States and how it has changed during the COVID-10 PHE. It remains to be seen whether the temporary flexibilities surrounding delivery and payment of telehealth services will remain in place; some require Congressional action to make permanent while others can be made permanent through rulemaking. Other actions are dependent on state legislatures and commercial payers. Issues under debate by stakeholders include long-term audio-only coverage; broadband connectivity; disparities in access to telehealth; appropriate payment for telehealth versus in-person care; concerns about fraud, quality, and safety; and the need for additional data to inform future policymaking. Insights are provided into these key issues that are expected to shape future legislative and regulatory action at the federal and state levels. Health care providers and patients need to engage in advocacy work at the federal and state level, and with commercial payers, to affect meaningful long-term change.},
  copyright = {{\copyright} 2021 American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone,nutrition support practice,public policy,reimbursement},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/ZYSM7I5B/Schofield - 2021 - Regulatory and legislative issues on telehealth.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/2BY5WJIP/ncp.html}
}

@article{seronEffectivenessTelerehabilitationPhysical2021,
  title = {Effectiveness of {{Telerehabilitation}} in {{Physical Therapy}}: {{A Rapid Overview}}},
  shorttitle = {Effectiveness of {{Telerehabilitation}} in {{Physical Therapy}}},
  author = {Seron, Pamela and Oliveros, Mar{\'i}a-Jose and {Gutierrez-Arias}, Ruvistay and {Fuentes-Aspe}, Roc{\'i}o and {Torres-Castro}, Rodrigo C and {Merino-Osorio}, Catalina and Nahuelhual, Paula and Inostroza, Jacqueline and Jalil, Yorschua and Solano, Ricardo and {Marzuca-Nassr}, Gabriel N and {Aguilera-Egu{\'i}a}, Raul and {Lavados-Romo}, Pamela and {Soto-Rodr{\'i}guez}, Francisco J and Sabelle, Cecilia and {Villarroel-Silva}, Gregory and Gomol{\'a}n, Patricio and Huaiquilaf, Sayen and Sanchez, Paulina},
  year = {2021},
  month = jun,
  journal = {Physical Therapy},
  volume = {101},
  number = {6},
  pages = {pzab053},
  issn = {1538-6724},
  doi = {10.1093/ptj/pzab053},
  urldate = {2024-05-17},
  abstract = {The purpose of this article was to summarize the available evidence from systematic reviews on telerehabilitation in physical therapy.We searched Medline/PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases. In addition, the records in PROSPERO and Epistemonikos and PEDro were consulted. Systematic reviews of different conditions, populations, and contexts---where the intervention to be evaluated is telerehabilitation by physical therapy---were included. The outcomes were clinical effectiveness depending on specific condition, functionality, quality of life, satisfaction, adherence, and safety. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment were carried out by a reviewer with non-independent verification by a second reviewer. The findings are reported qualitatively in the tables and figures.Fifty-three systematic reviews were included, of which 17 were assessed as having low risk of bias. Fifteen reviews were on cardiorespiratory rehabilitation, 14 on musculoskeletal conditions, and 13 on neurorehabilitation. The other 11 reviews addressed other types of conditions and rehabilitation. Thirteen reviews evaluated with low risk of bias showed results in favor of telerehabilitation versus in-person rehabilitation or no rehabilitation, while 17 reported no differences between the groups. Thirty-five reviews with unclear or high risk of bias showed mixed results.Despite the contradictory results, telerehabilitation in physical therapy could be comparable with in-person rehabilitation or better than no rehabilitation for conditions such as osteoarthritis, low-back pain, hip and knee replacement, and multiple sclerosis and also in the context of cardiac and pulmonary rehabilitation. It is imperative to conduct better quality clinical trials and systematic reviews.Providing the best available evidence on the effectiveness of telerehabilitation to professionals, mainly physical therapists, will impact the decision-making process and therefore yield better clinical outcomes for patients, both in these times of the COVID-19 pandemic and in the future. The identification of research gaps will also contribute to the generation of relevant and novel research questions.},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/ESANK4MD/Seron et al. - 2021 - Effectiveness of Telerehabilitation in Physical Therapy A Rapid Overview.pdf}
}

@article{shacharIncreasingTelehealthAccess2023,
  title = {Increasing {{Telehealth Access Through Licensure Exceptions}}},
  author = {Shachar, Carmel and Wilson, Kaylee and Mehrotra, Ateev},
  year = {2023},
  month = dec,
  journal = {JAMA},
  doi = {10.1001/jama.2023.24960},
  urldate = {2023-12-16},
  abstract = {This Viewpoint explains how exceptions can be used to connect patients via telehealth with a physician in another state, why this is a more practical and effective strategy, and what needs to happen for this to be a feasible solution.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone,obsidian},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/X9GXMKI3/Shachar et al. - 2023 - Increasing Telehealth Access Through Licensure Exc.pdf}
}

@article{shahEfficacyTelerehabilitationSpine2024,
  title = {Efficacy of Telerehabilitation for Spine Pain during the {{Coronavirus}} Pandemic Lockdown: A Retrospective Propensity Score-Matched Analysis},
  shorttitle = {Efficacy of Telerehabilitation for Spine Pain during the {{Coronavirus}} Pandemic Lockdown},
  author = {Shah, Nidhi and Shetty, Gautam M. and Kanna, Raj and Thakur, Harshad},
  year = {2024},
  month = apr,
  journal = {Disability and Rehabilitation: Assistive Technology},
  volume = {19},
  number = {3},
  pages = {558--565},
  publisher = {Taylor \& Francis},
  issn = {1748-3107},
  doi = {10.1080/17483107.2022.2107718},
  urldate = {2024-05-22},
  abstract = {Despite increased usage of telemedicine to deliver treatment during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the efficacy of telerehabilitation for spine pain is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effect of telerehabilitation on pain and disability in patients with spine pain treated during the COVID-19 pandemic and compare the results to in-clinic rehabilitation. In this propensity score-matched analysis, 428 patients with spine pain who underwent telerehabilitation during the 6 months of COVID-19 pandemic lockdown and 428 patients who underwent in-clinic multimodal rehabilitation treatment during the 6-month period prior to lockdown were compared. Propensity score matching was done based on gender, age, pre-treatment pain, and disability. Post-treatment numerical pain rating scale (NPRS), Oswestry or Neck disability index (ODI or NDI), and minimal clinical important difference (MCID) achieved for NPRS and ODI/NDI scores were compared between the 2 groups. Post-treatment, the mean NPRS (mean difference - 1, p {$<$} 0.0001) and ODI/NDI (mean difference - 5.8, p {$<$} 0.0001) scores, were significantly lower in the telerehabilitation group when compared to control group. Similarly, the percentage of patients who achieved MCID of {$\geq$} 2 for NPRS (mean difference - 6\%, p = 0.0007) and MCID of {$\geq$} 10 for ODI/NDI (mean difference - 7.5\%, p = 0.005) scores were significantly higher in the telerehabilitation group. Telerehabilitation achieved significant reduction in pain and disability among patients with spine pain, better than in-clinic rehabilitation. These encouraging results during the COVID-19 pandemic indicate the need to further explore and test the efficacy and wider application of telerehabilitation for treating spine pain.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONTelerehabilitation can help achieve significant reduction in pain and disability among patients with spine pain.These encouraging results indicate the need to further explore a wider application of telerehabilitation for treating patients with spine pain during non-pandemic times. Telerehabilitation can help achieve significant reduction in pain and disability among patients with spine pain. These encouraging results indicate the need to further explore a wider application of telerehabilitation for treating patients with spine pain during non-pandemic times.},
  pmid = {35930451},
  keywords = {COVID-19,disability,low back pain,MSHIcapstone,neck pain,obsidian,read,telemedicine,telerehabilitation},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/UY2FMK4P/Shah et al. - 2024 - Efficacy of telerehabilitation for spine pain during the Coronavirus pandemic lockdown a retrospect.pdf}
}

@article{sharmaLowBackPain2022,
  title = {Low {{Back Pain}} in {{Low-}} and {{Middle-Income Countries}}, {{Part}} 1: {{The Problem}}},
  shorttitle = {Low {{Back Pain}} in {{Low-}} and {{Middle-Income Countries}}, {{Part}} 1},
  author = {Sharma, Saurab and McAuley, James H.},
  year = {2022},
  month = may,
  journal = {Journal of Orthopaedic \& Sports Physical Therapy},
  volume = {52},
  number = {5},
  pages = {233--235},
  issn = {0190-6011, 1938-1344},
  doi = {10.2519/jospt.2022.11145},
  urldate = {2022-06-06},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/T7EYV975/Sharma and McAuley - 2022 - Low Back Pain in Low- and Middle-Income Countries,.pdf}
}

@article{shebibRandomizedControlledTrial2019,
  title = {Randomized Controlled Trial of a 12-Week Digital Care Program in Improving Low Back Pain},
  author = {Shebib, Raad and Bailey, Jeannie F. and Smittenaar, Peter and Perez, Daniel A. and Mecklenburg, Gabriel and Hunter, Simon},
  year = {2019},
  month = jan,
  journal = {npj Digital Medicine},
  volume = {2},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1--8},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  issn = {2398-6352},
  doi = {10.1038/s41746-018-0076-7},
  urldate = {2024-06-26},
  abstract = {Low back pain (LBP) is the leading cause of disability throughout the world and is economically burdensome. The recommended first line treatment for non-specific LBP is non-invasive care. A digital care program (DCP) delivering evidence-based non-invasive treatment for LBP can aid self-management by engaging patients and scales personalized therapy for patient-specific needs. We assessed the efficacy of a 12-week DCP for LBP in a two-armed, pre-registered, randomized, controlled trial (RCT). Participants were included based on self-reported duration of LBP, but those with surgery or injury to the lower back in the previous three months were excluded. The treatment group (DCP) received the 12-week DCP, consisting of sensor-guided exercise therapy, education, cognitive behavioral therapy, team and individual behavioral coaching, activity tracking, and symptom tracking -- all administered remotely via an app. The control group received three digital education articles only. All participants maintained access to treatment-as-usual. At 12 weeks, an intention-to-treat analysis showed each primary outcome---Oswestry Disability Index (p\,{$<$}\,0.001), Korff Pain (p\,{$<$}\,0.001) and Korff Disability (p\,{$<$}\,0.001)---as well as each secondary outcome improved more for participants in the DCP group compared to control group. For participants who completed the DCP (per protocol), average improvement in pain outcomes ranged 52-64\% (Korff: 48.8--23.4, VAS: 43.6--16.5, VAS impact on daily life: 37.3--13.4; p\,{$<$}\,0.01 for all) and average improvement in disability outcomes ranged 31--55\% (Korff: 33.1--15, ODI: 19.7--13.5; p\,{$<$}\,0.01 for both). Surgical interest significantly reduced in the DCP group. Participants that completed the DCP had an average engagement, each week, of 90\%. Future studies will further explore the effectiveness of the DCP for long-term outcomes beyond 12 weeks and for a LBP patient population with possibly greater baseline pain and disability. In conclusion, the DCP resulted in improved LBP outcomes compared to treatment-as-usual and has potential to scale personalized evidence-based non-invasive treatment for LBP patients.},
  copyright = {2019 The Author(s)},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Health care,Medical research},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/DHZN733U/Shebib et al. - 2019 - Randomized controlled trial of a 12-week digital care program in improving low back pain.pdf}
}

@article{shebibRandomizedControlledTrial2019a,
  title = {Randomized Controlled Trial of a 12-Week Digital Care Program in Improving Low Back Pain},
  author = {Shebib, Raad and Bailey, Jeannie F and Smittenaar, Peter and Perez, Daniel A and Mecklenburg, Gabriel and Hunter, Simon},
  year = {2019},
  month = jan,
  journal = {npj Digital Medicine},
  volume = {2},
  number = {1},
  pages = {1--8},
  publisher = {Nature Publishing Group},
  doi = {10.1038/s41746-018-0076-7},
  abstract = {Low back pain (LBP) is the leading cause of disability throughout the world and is economically burdensome. The recommended first line treatment for non-specific LBP is non-invasive care. A digital care program (DCP) delivering evidence-based non-invasive treatment for LBP can aid self-management by engaging patients and scales personalized therapy for patient-specific needs. We assessed the efficacy of a 12-week DCP for LBP in a two-armed, pre-registered, randomized, controlled trial (RCT). Participants were included based on self-reported duration of LBP, but those with surgery or injury to the lower back in the previous three months were excluded. The treatment group (DCP) received the 12-week DCP, consisting of sensor-guided exercise therapy, education, cognitive behavioral therapy, team and individual behavioral coaching, activity tracking, and symptom tracking -- all administered remotely via an app. The control group received three digital education articles only. All participants maintained access to treatment-as-usual. At 12 weeks, an intention-to-treat analysis showed each primary outcome---Oswestry Disability Index (p {\textexclamdown} 0.001), Korff Pain (p {\textexclamdown} 0.001) and Korff Disability (p {\textexclamdown} 0.001)---as well as each secondary outcome improved more for participants in the DCP group compared to control group. For participants who completed the DCP (per protocol), average improvement in pain outcomes ranged 52-64\% (Korff: 48.8--23.4, VAS: 43.6--16.5, VAS impact on daily life: 37.3--13.4; p {\textexclamdown} 0.01 for all) and average improvement in disability outcomes ranged 31--55\% (Korff: 33.1--15, ODI: 19.7--13.5; p {\textexclamdown} 0.01 for both). Surgical interest significantly reduced in the DCP group. Participants that completed the DCP had an average engagement, each week, of 90\%. Future studies will further explore the effectiveness of the DCP for long-term outcomes beyond 12 weeks and for a LBP patient population with possibly greater baseline pain and disability. In conclusion, the DCP resulted in improved LBP outcomes compared to treatment-as-usual and has potential to scale personalized evidence-based non-invasive treatment for LBP patients.},
  date-added = {2021-01-05T23:49:29GMT},
  date-modified = {2022-03-21T19:09:52GMT},
  langid = {english},
  local-url = {file://localhost/Users/nately/Dropbox/Articles/Library.papers3/Files/BB/BB21637A-1108-40E4-A47A-6D3D11BED84F.pdf},
  rating = {0},
  read = {Yes},
  uri = {papers3://publication/doi/10.1038/s41746-018-0076-7},
  keywords = {Hinge Health,MSHIcapstone,telehealth},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/YXX24B39/Shebib et al. - 2019 - Randomized controlled trial of a 12-week digital c.pdf}
}

@article{shizhengEfficacyEhealthSelfmanagement2020,
  title = {The Efficacy of E-Health in the Self-Management of Chronic Low Back Pain: {{A}} Meta Analysis},
  author = {Shizheng, Du and Wen, Liu and Shining, Cai and Yan, Hu and Jianshu, Dong},
  year = {2020},
  month = jun,
  journal = {International Journal of Nursing Studies},
  volume = {106},
  pages = {103507},
  publisher = {Elsevier Ltd},
  doi = {10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.103507},
  abstract = {International Journal of Nursing Studies, 106 (2020) 103507. doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.103507},
  date-added = {2020-11-03T23:28:55GMT},
  date-modified = {2022-03-21T19:09:43GMT},
  langid = {english},
  local-url = {file://localhost/Users/nately/Dropbox/Articles/Library.papers3/Files/74/742DCD4C-FC40-42B2-A47D-F8BF4B192E01.pdf},
  rating = {0},
  uri = {papers3://publication/doi/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2019.103507},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone,telehealth}
}

@inproceedings{sidatyInfluenceVideoResolution2014,
  title = {Influence of Video Resolution, Viewing Device and Audio Quality on Perceived Multimedia Quality for Steaming Applications},
  booktitle = {2014 5th {{European Workshop}} on {{Visual Information Processing}} ({{EUVIP}})},
  author = {Sidaty, Naty Ould and Larabi, Mohamed-Chaker and Saadane, Abdelhakim},
  year = {2014},
  month = dec,
  pages = {1--6},
  publisher = {IEEE},
  address = {Villetaneuse, Paris, France},
  doi = {10.1109/EUVIP.2014.7018407},
  urldate = {2024-06-04},
  isbn = {978-1-4799-4572-6},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/46GKNZJR/sidaty2014.pdf}
}

@misc{sissonApplesNewVision2024,
  title = {Is {{Apple}}'s New {{Vision Pro}} a Health Care Machine? {{Sharp Healthcare}} Thinks So},
  shorttitle = {Is {{Apple}}'s New {{Vision Pro}} a Health Care Machine?},
  author = {Sisson, Paul},
  year = {2024},
  month = feb,
  journal = {San Diego Union-Tribune},
  urldate = {2024-02-14},
  abstract = {San Diego hospital system is exploring the use of the technology at its new Spatial Computing Center of Excellence program},
  chapter = {Health},
  howpublished = {https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/news/health/story/2024-02-05/is-apples-new-vision-pro-a-health-care-machine-sharp-healthcare-thinks-so},
  langid = {american},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/D5YC6VJV/is-apples-new-vision-pro-a-health-care-machine-sharp-healthcare-thinks-so.html}
}

@article{skolaskyIdentifyingPerceptionsExperiences2022,
  title = {Identifying {{Perceptions}}, {{Experiences}}, and {{Recommendations}} of {{Telehealth Physical Therapy}} for {{Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain}}: {{A Mixed Methods Survey}}},
  shorttitle = {Identifying {{Perceptions}}, {{Experiences}}, and {{Recommendations}} of {{Telehealth Physical Therapy}} for {{Patients With Chronic Low Back Pain}}},
  author = {Skolasky, Richard L. and Kimball, Elisabeth R. and Galyean, Patrick and Minick, Kate I. and Brennan, Gerard and McGee, Terrence and Lane, Elizabeth and Thackeray, Anne and Bardsley, Tyler and Wegener, Stephen T. and Hunter, Stephen J. and Zickmund, Susan and Fritz, Julie M.},
  year = {2022},
  month = oct,
  journal = {Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation},
  volume = {103},
  number = {10},
  pages = {1935--1943},
  issn = {0003-9993},
  doi = {10.1016/j.apmr.2022.06.006},
  urldate = {2024-05-22},
  abstract = {Objective To describe concerns, advantages, and disadvantages encountered in an evidence-based physical therapy (PT) program for persons with chronic low back pain (CLBP) delivered by telehealth. Design Mixed methods survey and semistructured interview of persons with CLBP. Setting Prospective observational cohort study of persons with CLBP from 3 health care systems receiving 8 sessions of evidence-based telehealth PT. Participants Participants were selected after completing week 10 (from baseline) assessment from an ongoing cohort study. We enrolled 31 of 126 participants (mean age, 42.4 years; 71.0\% female) from the cohort study (N=31). Interventions Participants had completed 8 sessions of evidence-based telehealth PT and participated in semistructured interviews. Main Outcome Measures Baseline and week 10 and 26 assessments assessed psychosocial risk (StarTBack Screening Tool), working alliance (Working Alliance Inventory-Short Form), pain (Oswestry Disability Index), and health-related quality of life (Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System-29 profile, version 2). Semistructured interviews were conducted by telephone and consisted of open-ended questions assessing perception, satisfaction, and likelihood of recommending telehealth PT. Participants identified advantages and disadvantages to telehealth PT. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and coded using an iterative qualitative process. Statistical comparisons by experience were made using analysis of variance (continuous) and Fisher exact test (categorical). Results Compared with the negative experience group (n=5), participants in positive (n=16) and neutral (n=10) experience groups endorsed higher bond working alliance with their therapist. Participants with a positive experience were more likely to view telehealth PT as cost-saving (n=10, 62.5\%) compared with those with a neutral (n=1, 10.0\%) or negative (n=1, 20.0\%) experience and less likely to view telehealth PT as lower quality (n=0, 0.0\%; n=1, 10.0\%; n=2, 40.0\%, respectively). Prior to starting telehealth, based on semistructured interviews, 18 participants (58.1\%) had concerns and these persisted after starting in half of this group. Concerns regarded telehealth being different from or inferior to in-person PT, lack of physical correction, and worries of not using technology appropriately. Convenience, time savings, and personalization were seen as advantages. Difficulty making a personal connection with the therapist, lack of physical correction, and problems with technology were seen as disadvantages. Many participants endorsed a hybrid approach that included in-person and telehealth PT. Providing necessary equipment and technology assistance was seen as ways to improve telehealth PT experience. Conclusions Telehealth is an acceptable modality to deliver PT for patients with CLBP with most having a positive experience and reporting advantages. Improvements could include offering a hybrid approach (in-person and telehealth combined) and providing necessary equipment and technical support. More research is needed to optimize the most effective strategies for providing telehealth PT for patients with CLBP.},
  keywords = {low back pain,MSHIcapstone,Physical therapy modalities,Rehabilitation,Telemedicine},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/AATIKGNW/Skolasky et al. - 2022 - Identifying Perceptions, Experiences, and Recommendations of Telehealth Physical Therapy for Patient.pdf}
}

@article{slatteryServiceEvaluationTelehealth2022,
  title = {Service Evaluation of Telehealth in a Physiotherapy Musculoskeletal Setting: {{Patient}} Outcomes and Results from Risk Stratification},
  shorttitle = {Service Evaluation of Telehealth in a Physiotherapy Musculoskeletal Setting},
  author = {Slattery, Brian and Ackerman, Lyndsey and Jagadamma, Kavi C.},
  year = {2022},
  month = dec,
  journal = {Musculoskeletal Care},
  volume = {20},
  number = {4},
  pages = {977--990},
  publisher = {Wiley-Blackwell},
  address = {Malden, Massachusetts},
  issn = {1478-2189},
  doi = {10.1002/msc.1623},
  urldate = {2024-05-22},
  abstract = {Introduction: Due to COVID-19 the ability to see all patients face-to-face (FTF) was removed. Services implemented telehealth to cater for patients requiring musculoskeletal care. A service evaluation was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of a mixed telehealth/FTF approach and identify if stratifying patients could help tailor intervention. Methods: Retrospective analysis of data collected from patients who were assessed by Musculoskeletal Physiotherapists in one Scottish health board was undertaken. Patients were divided into low, medium and high risk sub-groups through the Keele STarT MSK tool. Outcome measures for pain and musculoskeletal health were taken at baseline/discharge along with satisfaction/preference. Descriptive and Inferential statistical analysis was conducted to establish whether changes in the outcome measures within and between risk sub-groups were statistically significant. Results: Pain level difference from baseline to discharge demonstrated clinically and statistically significant improvements across all risk groups (N = 89). Musculoskeletal health demonstrated clinically significant improvements across all risk groups and statistically significant improvements in the medium/high risk groups but not the low risk. Patients with knee osteoarthritis and low back pain in the medium risk group had fewest appointments while patients with chronic shoulder pain had the most. The majority of patients were satisfied with all mediums but preferred FTF or an option between telehealth/FTF in the future. Conclusion: Telehealth is a promising model of care when utilised in combination with FTF for patients with musculoskeletal conditions. Through stratification, identifying specific conditions and shared decision making it may be possible to treat certain patient groups via telehealth.},
  keywords = {Descriptive Statistics,Human,Inferential Statistics,low back pain,MSHIcapstone,Musculoskeletal Diseases,Musculoskeletal Pain,Osteoarthritis Knee,Patient Classification,Patient Satisfaction,Physical Therapy,Retrospective Design,Shoulder Pain,Telehealth},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/TSXTEKN7/Slattery et al. - 2022 - Service evaluation of telehealth in a physiotherapy musculoskeletal setting Patient outcomes and re.pdf}
}

@article{smeetsMeasuresFunctionLow2011,
  title = {Measures of Function in Low Back Pain/Disorders: {{Low Back Pain Rating Scale}} ({{LBPRS}}), {{Oswestry Disability Index}} ({{ODI}}), {{Progressive Isoinertial Lifting Evaluation}} ({{PILE}}), {{Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale}} ({{QBPDS}}), and {{Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire}} ({{RDQ}})},
  shorttitle = {Measures of Function in Low Back Pain/Disorders},
  author = {Smeets, Rob and K{\"o}ke, Albere and Lin, Chung-Wei and Ferreira, Manuela and Demoulin, Christophe},
  year = {2011},
  journal = {Arthritis Care \& Research},
  volume = {63},
  number = {S11},
  pages = {S158-S173},
  issn = {2151-4658},
  doi = {10.1002/acr.20542},
  urldate = {2023-07-24},
  copyright = {Copyright {\copyright} 2011 by the American College of Rheumatology},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/5CXJLK6V/acr.20542.pdf.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/6SPRG9Y8/Smeets et al. - 2011 - Measures of function in low back paindisorders L.pdf}
}

@article{smithListeningHealingListening2024,
  title = {Listening Is Healing, Listening Is Love},
  author = {Smith, Richard},
  year = {2024},
  month = jun,
  journal = {BMJ},
  pages = {q1351},
  issn = {1756-1833},
  doi = {10.1136/bmj.q1351},
  urldate = {2024-07-01},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {listening,mindfulness,motivational interviewing,obsidian,read,Satisfaction},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/83JVN8WL/Smith - 2024 - Listening is healing, listening is love.pdf}
}

@article{snoswellDeterminingIfTelehealth2020,
  title = {Determining If {{Telehealth Can Reduce Health System Costs}}: {{Scoping Review}}},
  shorttitle = {Determining If {{Telehealth Can Reduce Health System Costs}}},
  author = {Snoswell, Centaine L. and Taylor, Monica L. and Comans, Tracy A. and Smith, Anthony C. and Gray, Leonard C. and Caffery, Liam J.},
  year = {2020},
  month = oct,
  journal = {Journal of Medical Internet Research},
  volume = {22},
  number = {10},
  pages = {e17298},
  publisher = {JMIR Publications Inc., Toronto, Canada},
  doi = {10.2196/17298},
  urldate = {2024-02-23},
  abstract = {Background: Telehealth represents an opportunity for Australia to harness the power of technology to redesign the way health care is delivered. The potential benefits of telehealth include increased accessibility to care, productivity gains for health providers and patients through reduced travel, potential for cost savings, and an opportunity to develop culturally appropriate services that are more sensitive to the needs of special populations. The uptake of telehealth has been hindered at times by clinician reluctance and policies that preclude metropolitan populations from accessing telehealth services. Objective: This study aims to investigate if telehealth reduces health system costs compared with traditional service models and to identify the scenarios in which cost savings can be realized. Methods: A scoping review was undertaken to meet the study aims. Initially, literature searches were conducted using broad terms for telehealth and economics to identify economic evaluation literature in telehealth. The investigators then conducted an expert focus group to identify domains where telehealth could reduce health system costs, followed by targeted literature searches for corresponding evidence. Results: The cost analyses reviewed provided evidence that telehealth reduced costs when health system--funded travel was prevented and when telehealth mitigated the need for expensive procedural or specialist follow-up by providing competent care in a more efficient way. The expert focus group identified 4 areas of potential savings from telehealth: productivity gains, reductions in secondary care, alternate funding models, and telementoring. Telehealth demonstrated great potential for productivity gains arising from health system redesign; however, under the Australian activity-based funding, it is unlikely that these gains will result in cost savings. Secondary care use mitigation is an area of promise for telehealth; however, many studies have not demonstrated overall cost savings due to the cost of administering and monitoring telehealth systems. Alternate funding models from telehealth systems have the potential to save the health system money in situations where the consumers pay out of pocket to receive services. Telementoring has had minimal economic evaluation; however, in the long term it is likely to result in inadvertent cost savings through the upskilling of generalist and allied health clinicians. Conclusions: Health services considering implementing telehealth should be motivated by benefits other than cost reduction. The available evidence has indicated that although telehealth provides overwhelmingly positive patient benefits and increases productivity for many services, current evidence suggests that it does not routinely reduce the cost of care delivery for the health system.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/CP9QWE4C/Snoswell et al. - 2020 - Determining if Telehealth Can Reduce Health System.pdf}
}

@article{sondenaConceptualisationTherapeuticAlliance2020,
  title = {Conceptualisation of the Therapeutic Alliance in Physiotherapy: Is It Adequate?},
  shorttitle = {Conceptualisation of the Therapeutic Alliance in Physiotherapy},
  author = {S{\o}nden{\aa}, Petter and {Dalusio-King}, Georgi and Hebron, Clair},
  year = {2020},
  month = apr,
  journal = {Musculoskeletal Science and Practice},
  volume = {46},
  pages = {102131},
  issn = {2468-7812},
  doi = {10.1016/j.msksp.2020.102131},
  urldate = {2024-06-10},
  abstract = {Objective The Therapeutic Alliance (TA) is an emerging concept within physiotherapy practice, reflecting the ongoing paradigm shift from a biomedical- (BMM) towards a biopsychosocial model (BPSM) of care. Current conceptual understanding of the TA is commonly based on Bordin's (1979) definition, developed within a psychotherapy context. A concept analysis was conducted in order to provide conceptual clarity of the TA within physiotherapy literature. Method An evolutionary method of concept analysis was followed. An extensive literature search was conducted, and eligible articles were submitted to inductive, semantic thematic analysis. Findings A total of 14 articles were included within this concept analysis. 5 master attribute themes, and 4 corresponding sub-themes were identified following thematic analysis. The master attribute themes were: `Seeing the person', `Sharing the journey', `Communication', `Therapeutic space' and `Fostering autonomy'. The 4 Sub-themes were: `Giving of self', `Legitimising the experience', `Physiotherapist characteristics matter' and `Interpersonal collaboration'. Conclusion A heuristic interpretation of the TA within a physiotherapy context is offered. The TA is a dynamic construct within the clinical encounter and is influenced reciprocally between the person seeking care and the physiotherapist by biological, social and psychological contributing factors. `Communication' may act as a catalyst in operationalising the TA in a physiotherapy context. Continued efforts are needed in physiotherapy education and training in both enhancing theoretical awareness of the role of the TA within physiotherapy practice, as well as guidance on its implementation in clinical practice.},
  keywords = {Biopsychosocial model,Concept analysis,Physiotherapy,Therapeutic alliance},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/A2Y2KE4G/Søndenå et al. - 2020 - Conceptualisation of the therapeutic alliance in physiotherapy is it adequate.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/CJ749BWD/S2468781219306198.html}
}

@article{staceylovogronaUseVideoconferencingPhysical2017,
  title = {Use of Videoconferencing for Physical Therapy in People with Musculoskeletal Conditions: {{A}} Systematic Review.},
  author = {{Stacey Lovo Grona} and Grona, Stacey Lovo and {Brenna Bath} and Bath, Brenna and {Angela J Busch} and Busch, Angela J and {Thomas Rotter} and Rotter, Thomas and {Catherine Trask} and Trask, Catherine and {Elizabeth Harrison} and {Elizabeth L. Harrison} and Harrison, Elizabeth},
  year = {2017},
  month = apr,
  journal = {Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare},
  volume = {24},
  number = {5},
  pages = {341--355},
  doi = {10.1177/1357633x17700781},
  abstract = {BackgroundPhysical therapists are key players in the management of musculoskeletal conditions, which are common in rural and remote communities. There are few physical therapists in rural regions c...},
  pmid = {28403669},
  annotation = {MAG ID: 2606084331}
}

@article{staeritzHowCanHealthcare2021,
  title = {How {{Can The Healthcare Industry Solve Innovation Inertia}}?},
  shorttitle = {Innovation {{Inertia}}},
  author = {Staeritz, Felix},
  year = {2021},
  month = jan,
  journal = {Forbes},
  urldate = {2024-03-28},
  abstract = {Innovation in a complex field such as healthcare is not always a matter of introducing new drugs, treatments or technologies.},
  chapter = {Forbes Business Council},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {inertia,innovation},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/CSZC4SF8/how-can-the-healthcare-industry-solve-innovation-inertia.html}
}

@misc{stalmanTimeEveryoneLearn2020,
  title = {Time for {{Everyone}} to {{Learn How}} to {{Stream}}, with {{Alex Lindsay}}},
  author = {Stalman, Tyler},
  urldate = {2024-06-02},
  abstract = {With most of the world suddenly spending all our time in our homes the we communiate online isn't just for creative enthusiasts, it's critical for professional and personl relationships. Alex Lindsay is a co-host of MacBreak Weekly and expert in streaming systems for everyone from major to conferences to Obama, and we had a great conversation about what everybody can to better when we go live. The Stalman Podcast, Ep 79 http://stalmanpodcast.com},
  collaborator = {Lindsay, Alex}
}

@techreport{StateMSK2022,
  title = {State of {{MSK}} 2022 -- {{Trends}} Impacting Musculoskeletal Care in {{America}}},
  institution = {Hinge Health},
  abstract = {Each year, Hinge Health analyzes Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's most recent National Health Interview Survey data encompassing trends across 252 million Americans to identify gaps and challenges that members, employers, and health plans face related to the management of musculoskeletal (MSK) conditions. The results of this work are published in Hinge Health's annual State of MSK Report, the year's most comprehensive review of musculoskeletal trends.},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone,MSK,musculoskeletal,technology,telehealth,virtual,virtual health,virtual primary care},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/HSD43G9Q/The-State-of-MSK-2022_Hinge-Health_Final.pdf}
}

@misc{StateMSKCare,
  title = {The {{State}} of {{MSK Care}} 2023: {{Helping People Move Beyond Pain}}},
  journal = {Hinge Health},
  urldate = {2023-06-11},
  howpublished = {https://go.hingehealth.com/The-State-of-MSK-2023},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/ZW9BPXC9/The State of MSK Care 2023 Helping People Move Be.pdf}
}

@misc{StreamDeckMK2,
  title = {Stream {{Deck MK}}.2},
  journal = {Elgato},
  urldate = {2024-07-24},
  abstract = {Stream Deck gives you 15 fully customizable LCD keys to control your apps and tools. Trigger actions, launch social posts, adjust audio, play sound effects, activate lights, and more. Download plugins, icon packs, thousands of royalty-free tracks plus eff},
  howpublished = {https://www.elgato.com/us/en/p/stream-deck-mk2-black},
  langid = {american},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/GRM8GUAZ/stream-deck-mk2-black.html}
}

@article{tabacofTelehealthTreatmentNonspecific2022,
  title = {Telehealth Treatment for Nonspecific Low Back Pain: {{A}} Review of the Current State in Mobile Health},
  shorttitle = {Telehealth Treatment for Nonspecific Low Back Pain},
  author = {Tabacof, Laura and Baker, Turner S. and Durbin, John R. and Desai, Vimi and Zeng, Qi and Sahasrabudhe, Abhishek and Herrera, Joseph E. and Putrino, David},
  year = {2022},
  journal = {PM\&R},
  volume = {14},
  number = {9},
  pages = {1086--1098},
  issn = {1934-1563},
  doi = {10.1002/pmrj.12738},
  urldate = {2024-05-22},
  abstract = {Introduction Nonspecific low back pain (LBP) is an idiopathic musculoskeletal condition that affects four of five individuals in their lifetime and is the leading cause of job-related disability in the United States. The interest in interactive and dynamic telehealth treatments for LBP continues to grow, and it is important for the medical community to remain up-to-date on the state of the science. Literature survey Relevant studies published from March 2016 until March 2021 were identified through a systematic search of EMBASE, MedLine, and Web of Science. The search strategy combined the concepts of back pain, telehealth, and mobile applications. Methodology Titles and abstracts were screened to select full-text randomized controlled trials or protocols, and methodological quality and risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Data were synthesized narratively. Synthesis We included seven concluded randomized-controlled trials and two study protocols reporting mobile health (mHealth) solutions for LBP. Six of the seven concluded trials found a significant improvement in self-reported numerical pain rating scale compared to the control group. A single trial compared a mHealth solution to physical therapy, with the majority of studies comparing interventions to ``usual care.'' Substantial heterogeneity in reporting of sample characteristics was found, indicating a lack of standardization through the field. Conclusions mHealth solutions may positively impact people with LBP. Larger trials should be encouraged and the field should coalesce around a set of baseline variables for collection and reporting. Because many interventions involve patient engagement, future trials should aim to further quantify adherence levels and begin to define telehealth ``doses'' associated with better outcomes.},
  copyright = {{\copyright} 2021 American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {mHealth,MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/DZVC7L4L/Tabacof et al. - 2022 - Telehealth treatment for nonspecific low back pain A review of the current state in mobile health.pdf}
}

@article{tabacofTelehealthTreatmentNonspecific2022a,
  title = {Telehealth Treatment for Nonspecific Low Back Pain: {{A}} Review of the Current State in Mobile Health},
  shorttitle = {Telehealth Treatment for Nonspecific Low Back Pain},
  author = {Tabacof, Laura and Baker, Turner S. and Durbin, John R. and Desai, Vimi and Zeng, Qi and Sahasrabudhe, Abhishek and Herrera, Joseph E. and Putrino, David},
  year = {2022},
  pages = {1086--1098},
  doi = {10.1002/pmrj.12738},
  urldate = {2022-10-28},
  abstract = {Introduction Nonspecific low back pain (LBP) is an idiopathic musculoskeletal condition that affects four of five individuals in their lifetime and is the leading cause of job-related disability in the United States. The interest in interactive and dynamic telehealth treatments for LBP continues to grow, and it is important for the medical community to remain up-to-date on the state of the science. Literature survey Relevant studies published from March 2016 until March 2021 were identified through a systematic search of EMBASE, MedLine, and Web of Science. The search strategy combined the concepts of back pain, telehealth, and mobile applications. Methodology Titles and abstracts were screened to select full-text randomized controlled trials or protocols, and methodological quality and risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Data were synthesized narratively. Synthesis We included seven concluded randomized-controlled trials and two study protocols reporting mobile health (mHealth) solutions for LBP. Six of the seven concluded trials found a significant improvement in self-reported numerical pain rating scale compared to the control group. A single trial compared a mHealth solution to physical therapy, with the majority of studies comparing interventions to ``usual care.'' Substantial heterogeneity in reporting of sample characteristics was found, indicating a lack of standardization through the field. Conclusions mHealth solutions may positively impact people with LBP. Larger trials should be encouraged and the field should coalesce around a set of baseline variables for collection and reporting. Because many interventions involve patient engagement, future trials should aim to further quantify adherence levels and begin to define telehealth ``doses'' associated with better outcomes.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/I89CQZ8Y/Tabacof et al. - 2022 - Telehealth treatment for nonspecific low back pain.pdf}
}

@misc{TelehealthActUniform,
  title = {Telehealth {{Act}} - {{Uniform Law Commission}}},
  urldate = {2024-02-18},
  howpublished = {https://www.uniformlaws.org/committees/community-home?communitykey=2348c20a-b645-4302-aa5d-9ebf239055bf\#LegBillTrackingAnchor},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/WNIJVG8J/community-home.html}
}

@misc{TelehealthHealthWellness,
  title = {Telehealth for {{Health}} \& {{Wellness Practitioners}}},
  journal = {Jane - Clinic Management Software},
  urldate = {2024-03-29},
  abstract = {Jane is your one-stop solution for streamlined telehealth. Sign up today and experience the convenience and flexibility of online appointments.},
  howpublished = {https://jane.app/features/telehealth},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/C5N2SPU4/telehealth.html}
}

@article{TelehealthHereStay2021,
  title = {Telehealth Is Here to Stay},
  year = {2021},
  month = jul,
  journal = {Nature Medicine},
  volume = {27},
  number = {7},
  pages = {1121--1121},
  issn = {1546-170X},
  doi = {10.1038/s41591-021-01447-x},
  urldate = {2022-11-10},
  abstract = {Telehealth has emerged as an unexpected silver lining of the COVID-19 pandemic, improving access to care and facilitating a transition toward digital medicine. Cementing these gains now could help make healthcare more equitable once the pandemic has ended.},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone,obsidian,read,telehealth,telemedicine},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/IZW9BE53/ - 2021 - Telehealth is here to stay  Nature Medicine.pdf}
}

@misc{TelehealthHolograms2023,
  title = {Telehealth with {{Holograms}}},
  year = {2023},
  month = oct,
  journal = {Holoconnects},
  urldate = {2024-06-25},
  howpublished = {https://www.holoconnects.com/sectors/telehealth/},
  langid = {american},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/SXV64SQG/telehealth.html}
}

@misc{TelehealthMedicaid,
  title = {Telehealth {\textbar} {{Medicaid}}},
  journal = {Medicaid.gov},
  urldate = {2024-02-19},
  howpublished = {https://www.medicaid.gov/medicaid/benefits/telehealth/index.html},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/5KVM56H8/index.html}
}

@misc{TelehealthPolicyChanges,
  title = {Telehealth Policy Changes after the {{COVID-19}} Public Health Emergency {\textbar} {{Telehealth}}.{{HHS}}.Gov},
  journal = {Health Resources \& Services Administration},
  urldate = {2023-07-27},
  howpublished = {https://telehealth.hhs.gov/providers/telehealth-policy/policy-changes-after-the-covid-19-public-health-emergency},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/BFGX48RS/policy-changes-after-the-covid-19-public-health-emergency.html}
}

@misc{TelehealthStartupResource2014,
  title = {Telehealth {{Start-up}} and {{Resource Guide}}},
  year = {2014},
  month = oct,
  publisher = {Telligen},
  urldate = {2025-04-17},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {telehealth,telemedicine},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/AQHMEXJN/telehealthguide_final_0.pdf}
}

@misc{TelehealthUseRural2023,
  title = {Telehealth {{Use}} in {{Rural Healthcare}}},
  year = {2023},
  month = oct,
  journal = {Rural Health Information Hub},
  urldate = {2024-02-23},
  abstract = {Provides resources and answers frequently asked questions related to telehealth in rural areas. Covers some challenges related to providing telehealth in rural communities, and the necessary equipment and staffing to implement telehealth services.},
  howpublished = {https://www.ruralhealthinfo.org/topics/telehealth},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/FI2YQCZ2/telehealth.html}
}

@misc{TelemedicineKitsCarts,
  title = {Telemedicine {{Kits}}, {{Carts}} + {{Digital Medical Devices}} + {{Software}}},
  urldate = {2024-03-30},
  abstract = {VSee telemedicine kits and carts are flexible solutions that allow providers to stay productive. Includes medical devices or point-of-care labs, EMR-sharing},
  howpublished = {https://vsee.com/hardware/},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/5HLDMTWD/hardware.html}
}

@article{thorndikeConstantErrorPsychological1920,
  title = {A {{Constant Error}} in {{Psychological Ratings}}},
  author = {Thorndike, Edward},
  year = {1920},
  journal = {Journal of Applied Psychology},
  number = {4},
  pages = {25--29},
  urldate = {2024-06-02},
  annotation = {J. Appl. Psychol., 4, 25-29.},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/EMIE3RBK/Thorndike.pdf}
}

@article{tomkinsValidityReproducibilitySelfreport2010,
  title = {Validity and {{Reproducibility}} of {{Self-report Measures}} of {{Walking Capacity}} in {{Lumbar Spinal Stenosis}}},
  author = {{Tomkins-Lane}, Christy C. and Batti{\'e}, Michele C.},
  year = {2010},
  month = nov,
  journal = {Spine},
  volume = {35},
  number = {23},
  pages = {2097},
  issn = {0362-2436},
  doi = {10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181f5e13b},
  urldate = {2023-06-26},
  abstract = {Study Design.~           Measurement (validity) study.           Objective.~           Examine validity and reproducibility of self-report measures of walking capacity for use in patients with lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS).           Summary of Background Data.~           Treatment outcomes in patients with LSS are often determined using data from self-report questionnaires. Despite some validity evidence available to support the use of self-report instruments in the evaluation of walking capacity in LSS, it is not certain that the construct being tapped using any of the self-report measures is, in fact, walking capacity.           Methods.~           Validity of the Physical Function Scale of the Swiss Spinal Stenosis Questionnaire, the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), self-predicted walking capacity (distance in meters) and a number of single item walking capacity questions was evaluated through comparison with a criterion measure of walking capacity, the Self-Paced Walking Test, in patients with LSS. Test-retest reproducibility was also examined for each of the self-report measures.           Results.~           Subjects included 49 patients (65.8 {\textpm} 10.0 years of age) with LSS confirmed on imaging and by a spine specialist surgeon. The measures found to be most highly associated with the criterion Self-Paced Walking Test were the walking distance item from the ODI (r = 0.83) and self-reported walking capacity in meters (with the aid of a distance reference) (r = 0.80). Reported walking capacity in meters had the lowest test-retest reproducibility (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.65) of the measures studied.           Conclusion.~           This study provides new information to help guide health professionals and researchers in the selection of appropriate outcome tools when examining walking in an LSS population. Study results support the use of the Physical Function Scale, self-reported walking distance, and the walking specific items from the ODI and the Physical Function Scale.},
  langid = {american},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/I84GVDTA/Tomkins-Lane and Battié - 2010 - Validity and Reproducibility of Self-report Measur.pdf;/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/6DI349D6/Validity_and_Reproducibility_of_Self_report.14.html}
}

@article{tongPerspectivesRemoteVolunteer2022,
  title = {Perspectives of Remote Volunteer Palliative Care Consultants during {{COVID}}: {{A}} Qualitative Study.},
  author = {Tong, Wendy and Kapur, Supriya and Fleet, Alexa and Russo, Samantha and Khedagi, Apurva and Blinderman, Craig D and Nakagawa, Shunichi},
  year = {2022},
  month = feb,
  journal = {Journal of pain and symptom management},
  volume = {63},
  number = {2},
  pages = {321--329},
  publisher = {Elsevier},
  doi = {10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2021.07.028},
  abstract = {CONTEXT:A novel remote volunteer program was implemented in response to the initial COVID-19 surge in New York City, allowing out-of-state palliative care specialists to serve patients and families in need. No study has detailed the perceptions of these consultants. OBJECTIVES:To understand the experiences of remote volunteer palliative care consultants during the initial COVID-19 surge. METHODS:This qualitative study utilized a thematic analysis approach. During January and February 2021, we conducted one-on-one semi-structured interviews with 15 board-certified palliative care physicians who participated in the program. Codes and emerging themes were identified through iterative discussion and comparison. RESULTS:Five overarching themes (with sub-themes in parentheses) were identified: 1) motivations for participating in the program, 2) logistical evaluation of the program (integration, telehealth model, dyad structure and debriefing sessions), 3) barriers to delivery (language and cultural differences, culture of high-intensity care, legal and administrative differences), 4) emotional burden (moral distress, burnout), and 5) ideas for improvements. Notably, participants observed institutional and cultural differences that posed challenges to delivery of care. Many expressed feelings of distress related to the uncertainty and scarcity caused by the pandemic, although volunteering may have been protective against burnout. CONCLUSION:This study provides an in-depth look at the experiences of remote volunteer palliative care consultants during the initial COVID-19 surge from the unique perspectives of the consultants themselves. Participants expressed overall positive and meaningful experiences and felt that the model was appropriate given the circumstances. Additionally, participants provided recommendations that could guide future implementations of similar programs.},
  affiliation = {Department of Medicine, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons (W.T., A.K.), New York, New York, USA. Electronic address: wyt2002@cumc.columbia.edu.},
  date-added = {2022-03-06T23:09:14GMT},
  date-modified = {2022-03-21T19:11:05GMT},
  langid = {english},
  local-url = {file://localhost/Users/nately/Dropbox/Articles/Library.papers3/J/2022/Tong/2022\%20Tong\%20J\%20Pain\%20Symptom\%20Manage.pdf},
  pmcid = {PMC8337011},
  pmid = {34363952},
  rating = {0},
  uri = {papers3://publication/doi/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2021.07.028},
  keywords = {coronavirus,COVID-19,MSHIcapstone,palliative care,remote},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/FGHQW2UP/2022 Tong J Pain Symptom Manage.pdf}
}

@misc{tsipurskyUnlockingRemoteWork2023,
  title = {Unlocking {{The Remote Work Productivity Advantage}}},
  author = {Tsipursky, Gleb},
  year = {2023},
  month = apr,
  journal = {Forbes},
  urldate = {2024-06-27},
  abstract = {A new study from the Becker Friedman Institute at the University of Chicago found that remote work saved about two hours per week per worker in 2021 and 2022. Workers allocated 40 percent of time savings to work and about 11 percent to caregiving activities.},
  chapter = {Leadership Strategy},
  langid = {english},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/ZMEH6I4S/unlocking-the-remote-work-productivity-advantage.html}
}

@article{tukurTelehealthInterventionsCOVID192023,
  title = {Telehealth Interventions during {{COVID-19}} Pandemic: A Scoping Review of Applications, Challenges, Privacy and Security Issues},
  shorttitle = {Telehealth Interventions during {{COVID-19}} Pandemic},
  author = {Tukur, Muhammad and Saad, Ghassan and AlShagathrh, Fahad M. and Househ, Mowafa and Agus, Marco},
  year = {2023},
  month = aug,
  journal = {BMJ Health \& Care Informatics},
  volume = {30},
  number = {1},
  pages = {e100676},
  publisher = {BMJ Publishing Group Ltd},
  issn = {2632-1009},
  doi = {10.1136/bmjhci-2022-100676},
  urldate = {2024-02-23},
  abstract = {Background The COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, proliferated worldwide, leading to a pandemic. Many governmental and non-governmental organisations and research institutes are contributing to the COVID-19 fight to control the pandemic. Motivation Numerous telehealth applications have been proposed and adopted during the pandemic to combat the spread of the disease. To this end, powerful tools such as artificial intelligence (AI)/robotic technologies, tracking, monitoring, consultation apps and other telehealth interventions have been extensively used. However, there are several issues and challenges that are currently facing this technology. Objective The purpose of this scoping review is to analyse the primary goal of these techniques; document their contribution to tackling COVID-19; identify and categorise their main challenges and future direction in fighting against the COVID-19 or future pandemic outbreaks. Methods Four digital libraries (ACM, IEEE, Scopus and Google Scholar) were searched to identify relevant sources. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) was used as a guideline procedure to develop a comprehensive scoping review. General telehealth features were extracted from the studies reviewed and analysed in the context of the intervention type, technology used, contributions, challenges, issues and limitations. Results A collection of 27 studies were analysed. The reported telehealth interventions were classified into two main categories: AI-based and non-AI-based interventions; their main contributions to tackling COVID-19 are in the aspects of disease detection and diagnosis, pathogenesis and virology, vaccine and drug development, transmission and epidemic predictions, online patient consultation, tracing, and observation; 28 telehealth intervention challenges/issues have been reported and categorised into technical (14), non-technical (10), and privacy, and policy issues (4). The most critical technical challenges are: network issues, system reliability issues, performance, accuracy and compatibility issues. Moreover, the most critical non-technical issues are: the skills required, hardware/software cost, inability to entirely replace physical treatment and people's uncertainty about using the technology. Stringent laws/regulations, ethical issues are some of the policy and privacy issues affecting the development of the telehealth interventions reported in the literature. Conclusion This study provides medical and scientific scholars with a comprehensive overview of telehealth technologies' current and future applications in the fight against COVID-19 to motivate researchers to continue to maximise the benefits of these techniques in the fight against pandemics. Lastly, we recommend that the identified challenges, privacy, and security issues and solutions be considered when designing and developing future telehealth applications.},
  chapter = {Review},
  copyright = {{\copyright} Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2023. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See:~http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.},
  langid = {english},
  pmid = {37541739},
  keywords = {COVID-19,global health,health information systems,medical informatics applications,MSHIcapstone,telemedicine},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/QNCHBSXT/Tukur et al. - 2023 - Telehealth interventions during COVID-19 pandemic.pdf}
}

@misc{UniformTelehealthAct2022,
  title = {Uniform {{Telehealth Act Summary}}},
  year = {2022},
  publisher = {National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws},
  urldate = {2024-02-18},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/XUV9RAEI/2022 - Uniform Telehealth Act Summary.pdf}
}

@misc{UniformTelehealthAct2022a,
  title = {Uniform {{Telehealth Act}}},
  year = {2022},
  publisher = {National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws},
  urldate = {2024-02-18},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/3IF2W3C3/2022 - Uniform Telehealth Act.pdf}
}

@misc{UsingTelehealthExpand2020,
  title = {Using {{Telehealth}} to {{Expand Access}} to {{Essential Health Services}} during the {{COVID-19 Pandemic}}},
  year = {2020},
  month = jun,
  journal = {CDC.gov},
  urldate = {2024-04-01},
  howpublished = {https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/hcp/telehealth.html},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/KX8W7W3Z/2020 - Using Telehealth to Expand Access to Essential Health Services during the COVID-19 Pandemic.pdf}
}

@article{vaishLetterEditorTelerehabilitation2020,
  title = {Letter to the {{Editor}}: {{Tele-rehabilitation}} of {{Back Pain Patients}} in {{Coronavirus Disease}} 2019 {{Pandemic}}},
  shorttitle = {Letter to the {{Editor}}},
  author = {Vaish, Hina},
  year = {2020},
  month = aug,
  journal = {Asian spine journal},
  doi = {10.31616/asj.2020.0358.r1},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/EGKZ8I7J/Vaish - 2020 - Letter to the Editor Tele-rehabilitation of Back Pain Patients in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic.pdf}
}

@article{viswanathWorkingCOVID19Outbreak2020,
  title = {Working through the {{COVID-19}} Outbreak: {{Rapid}} Review and Recommendations for {{MSK}} and Allied Heath Personnel},
  shorttitle = {Working through the {{COVID-19}} Outbreak},
  author = {Viswanath, Aparna and Monga, Puneet},
  year = {2020},
  journal = {Journal of Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma},
  volume = {11},
  number = {3},
  pages = {500--503},
  issn = {0976-5662},
  doi = {10.1016/j.jcot.2020.03.014},
  urldate = {2024-06-23},
  abstract = {The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has caused the world to undergo unprecedented change in a short space of time. This disease has devastated the economy, infringed personal freedom, and has taken a toll on healthcare systems worldwide. This review aims to highlight aspects of this pandemic with a specific emphasis on musculoskeletal work within the secondary care setting.},
  pmcid = {PMC7102609},
  pmid = {32292256},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/5QB3LAPR/Viswanath and Monga - 2020 - Working through the COVID-19 outbreak Rapid review and recommendations for MSK and allied heath per.pdf}
}

@article{vomerTelehealthExaminationLumbar2023,
  title = {Telehealth Examination of the Lumbar Spine},
  author = {Vomer, Rock P. and Pujalte, George G.A. and Waller, Thomas A. and Abadin, Andre and York, Emma R. and {Albano-Aluquin}, Shirley},
  year = {2023},
  month = jan,
  journal = {Technology \& Health Care},
  volume = {31},
  number = {1},
  pages = {81--93},
  publisher = {IOS Press},
  issn = {09287329},
  doi = {10.3233/THC-220041},
  urldate = {2024-05-22},
  abstract = {BACKGROUND: Telehealth evaluations of musculoskeletal conditions have increased due to the stay-at-home policies enacted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Back pain is one of the most common complaints in primary care. While telehealth may never supplant in-person evaluation of back pain, it is imperative in a changing world to learn to perform this evaluation via telephone or video. Virtual visits rely on history-taking and patient self-reported descriptions of pain elicited from self-palpation or specific movements while on the telephone with the clinician. Video examinations provide a unique way of evaluating the lower back compared to telephone because of the ability to visualize the actions of the patient. OBJECTIVE: To create an evaluation pathway for examination of the lumbar spine via telehealth. METHODS: Our group has created a step-by-step evaluation pathway to help physicians direct their patients through typical lumbar examination elements, including inspection, palpation, range of motion, and strength, special, and functional testing. RESULTS: We have developed a table of questions and instructions and a glossary of images of each maneuver to facilitate lumbar spine examination via telemedicine. CONCLUSIONS: This paper provides a guide for extracting clinically relevant information while performing telemedicine examinations of the lumbar spine.},
  keywords = {back pain,BACKACHE,COVID-19 pandemic,exam guide,Lumbar,LUMBAR vertebrae,MSHIcapstone,PRIMARY care,RANGE of motion of joints,telehealth,TELEMEDICINE,virtual encounter},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/QQKX4A65/Vomer et al. - 2023 - Telehealth examination of the lumbar spine.pdf}
}

@article{wadeClinicianAcceptanceKey2014,
  title = {Clinician {{Acceptance}} Is the {{Key Factor}} for {{Sustainable Telehealth Services}}},
  author = {Wade, Victoria A. and Eliott, Jaklin A. and Hiller, Janet E.},
  year = {2014},
  month = may,
  journal = {Qualitative Health Research},
  volume = {24},
  number = {5},
  pages = {682--694},
  issn = {1049-7323, 1552-7557},
  doi = {10.1177/1049732314528809},
  urldate = {2024-03-27},
  abstract = {Telehealth, the delivery of health care services at a distance using information and communications technology, has been slow to be adopted and difficult to sustain. Researchers developing theories concerning the introduction of complex change into health care usually take a multifactorial approach; we intentionally sought a single point of intervention that would have maximum impact on implementation. We conducted a qualitative interview study of 36 Australian telehealth services, sampled for maximum variation, and used grounded theory methods to develop a model from which we chose the most important factor affecting the success of telehealth. We propose that clinician acceptance explains much of the variation in the uptake, expansion, and sustainability of Australian telehealth services, and that clinician acceptance could, in most circumstances, overcome low demand, technology problems, workforce pressure, and lack of resourcing. We conclude that our model offers practical advice to those seeking to implement change with limited resources.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone,obsidian,qualitative research,telehealth,telemedicine},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/IL6FSGFN/Wade et al. - 2014 - Clinician Acceptance is the Key Factor for Sustainable Telehealth Services.pdf}
}

@article{wallaceGroupIndividualTelehealth2022,
  title = {Group and Individual Telehealth for Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: {{A}} Scoping Review},
  shorttitle = {Group and Individual Telehealth for Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain},
  author = {Wallace, L M and Falla, D and Rushton, A and Heneghan, N R},
  year = {2022},
  month = jun,
  journal = {Musculoskeletal care},
  volume = {20},
  number = {2},
  pages = {245--258},
  publisher = {John Wiley \& Sons Ltd},
  address = {England},
  issn = {1557-0681},
  doi = {10.1002/msc.1594},
  urldate = {2024-05-22},
  abstract = {Background Context: Musculoskeletal (MSK) pain presents a global challenge. Individual and group pain management programmes (PMPs) are recommended approaches for patients with chronic MSK disorders. With advances in remote healthcare capability, telehealth, and the recent COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of telehealth PMPs has become even more evident. Nevertheless, it is not known how~patients perceive PMPs for their MSK complaint when delivered via telehealth.; Objective: To synthesise the evidence of patients' experiences of group and individual telehealth PMPs for chronic MSK pain.; Design: A scoping review informed by the PRISMA extension for scoping reviews.; Data Sources: Based on a planned search strategy, modified following initial searches, an electronic search was conducted of key databases: Cochrane Library, Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE, AMED, SportDiscus and APA PsychInfo from 2010 until 11 May 2021.; Study Selection: Any qualitative or mixed methods study reporting patient experiences of telehealth PMPs for patients with MSK disorders.; Data Extraction and Data Synthesis: Data were extracted and synthesised using thematic analysis.; Results: From 446 identified studies, 10 were included. Just two studies investigated group telehealth PMPs for patients with MSK disorders, with eight delivered individually. Four main themes emerged: (1) Usability of the technology, (2) Tailored care, (3) Therapeutic alliance and (4) Managing behaviour. The findings highlight patient acceptability of telehealth to support self-management for chronic MSK disorders, with appropriate clinical and technical support. Group telehealth has the potential to empower patients with peer support. Remote delivery of PMPs also impacts on how patients and providers interact, communicate and develop a therapeutic relationship.; Conclusions and Implications: Barriers and enablers to engagement in telehealth PMPs for patients with chronic MSK disorders have been identified. Peer support and group cohesiveness can be achieved remotely to enhance the patient experience. There is a critical need for further research in this area. ({\copyright} 2021 John Wiley \& Sons Ltd.)},
  keywords = {Chronic Pain,COVID-19,group exercise,Humans,MSHIcapstone,musculoskeletal disorders,Musculoskeletal Pain,obsidian,pain management,Pandemics,patient experiences,telehealth,Telemedicine},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/Z6A9M8UI/Wallace et al. - 2022 - Group and individual telehealth for chronic musculoskeletal pain A scoping review.pdf}
}

@article{wangAugmentedRealityTelemedicine2017,
  title = {Augmented {{Reality}} as a {{Telemedicine Platform}} for {{Remote Procedural Training}}},
  author = {Wang, Shiyao and Parsons, Michael and {Stone-McLean}, Jordan and Rogers, Peter and Boyd, Sarah and Hoover, Kristopher and {Meruvia-Pastor}, Oscar and Gong, Minglun and Smith, Andrew},
  year = {2017},
  month = oct,
  journal = {Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)},
  volume = {17},
  number = {10},
  pages = {2294},
  issn = {1424-8220},
  doi = {10.3390/s17102294},
  urldate = {2024-05-19},
  abstract = {Traditionally, rural areas in many countries are limited by a lack of access to health care due to the inherent challenges associated with recruitment and retention of healthcare professionals. Telemedicine, which uses communication technology to deliver medical services over distance, is an economical and potentially effective way to address this problem. In this research, we develop a new telepresence application using an Augmented Reality (AR) system. We explore the use of the Microsoft HoloLens to facilitate and enhance remote medical training. Intrinsic advantages of AR systems enable remote learners to perform complex medical procedures such as Point of Care Ultrasound (PoCUS) without visual interference. This research uses the HoloLens to capture the first-person view of a simulated rural emergency room (ER) through mixed reality capture (MRC) and serves as a novel telemedicine platform with remote pointing capabilities. The mentor's hand gestures are captured using a Leap Motion and virtually displayed in the AR space of the HoloLens. To explore the feasibility of the developed platform, twelve novice medical trainees were guided by a mentor through a simulated ultrasound exploration in a trauma scenario, as part of a pilot user study. The study explores the utility of the system from the trainees, mentor, and objective observers' perspectives and compares the findings to that of a more traditional multi-camera telemedicine solution. The results obtained provide valuable insight and guidance for the development of an AR-supported telemedicine platform.},
  pmcid = {PMC5676722},
  pmid = {28994720},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/YURBZSJI/Wang et al. - 2017 - Augmented Reality as a Telemedicine Platform for Remote Procedural Training.pdf}
}

@inproceedings{wangUnderstandingUserEngagement2019,
  title = {Understanding {{User Engagement Mechanisms}} on a {{Live Streaming Platform}}},
  booktitle = {{{HCI}} in {{Business}}, {{Government}} and {{Organizations}}. {{Information Systems}} and {{Analytics}}},
  author = {Wang, Xinwei and Wu, Dezhi},
  editor = {Nah, Fiona Fui-Hoon and Siau, Keng},
  year = {2019},
  pages = {266--275},
  publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
  address = {Cham},
  doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-22338-0_22},
  abstract = {As part of new emerging eCommerce innovations, live streaming has started to gain lots of attention in business world because of its potential capability to boost sales online. Enabling interactions among a real-time seller, users (i.e., viewers) and peer users in e-Commerce platforms, live streaming is promising to facilitate real-time interactions among seller, users and peers online, which are likely to alleviate the physical separation between sellers, users and products in cyber space. Although some businesses are proactive to invest on this new living stream platform with a goal to more effectively engage their users, it is still largely unknown whether this effort can ultimately increase their consumer conversion rates. Accordingly, this research aims to gain more in-depth insights into users' acceptance of live streaming shopping. Based on multimedia learning and information foraging theories, this research conceptualizes user engagement mechanisms (i.e., product interactivity, communication immediacy, and peer cues) associated with a live streaming platform and furthermore explores how these mechanisms are likely to improve users' product evaluation and their serendipity to explore more unexpected products, and in turn how they impact users' attitude and intention to buy products on a live streaming platform. Through an online survey study with 200 users on a live streaming platform, this study finds that the identified three user engagement mechanisms significantly improve users' capability to evaluate products and their serendipity behavior online, which also have a positive impact on users' attitude and intention to shop on a live steaming platform.},
  isbn = {978-3-030-22338-0},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Interactivity,Live streaming,Product evaluation,Serendipity,User engagement},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/AZQLQ3A4/Wang and Wu - 2019 - Understanding User Engagement Mechanisms on a Live Streaming Platform.pdf}
}

@article{weiOnDemandVirtualPhysical2019,
  title = {Towards {{On-Demand Virtual Physical Therapist}}: {{Machine Learning-Based Patient Action Understanding}}, {{Assessment}} and {{Task Recommendation}}},
  shorttitle = {Towards {{On-Demand Virtual Physical Therapist}}},
  author = {Wei, Wenchuan and McElroy, Carter and Dey, Sujit},
  year = {2019},
  month = sep,
  journal = {IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems and Rehabilitation Engineering},
  volume = {27},
  number = {9},
  pages = {1824--1835},
  issn = {1534-4320, 1558-0210},
  doi = {10.1109/TNSRE.2019.2934097},
  urldate = {2024-07-15},
  abstract = {In this paper, we propose a machine learning-based virtual physical therapist (PT) system to enable personalized remote training for patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Three physical therapy tasks with multiple difficulty levels are selected to help patients with PD improve balance and mobility. Patients' movements are captured by a Kinect sensor. Criteria for each task are carefully designed by our PT co-author such that the patient's performance can be evaluated in an automated manner. Given the patient's motion data, we propose a two-phase human action understanding algorithm TPHAU to understand the patient's movements, and an error identification model to identify the patient's movement errors. To enable automated task recommendation, a machine learning-based model is trained from real patient and PT data to provide accurate, personalized, and timely task update recommendation for patients with PD, thereby emulating a real PT's behavior. Real patient data have been collected in the clinic to train the models. Experiments show that the proposed methods achieve high accuracy in patient action understanding, error identification and task recommendation. The proposed virtual PT system has the potential of enabling ondemand virtual care and significantly reducing cost for both patients and care providers.},
  copyright = {https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/Xplorehelp/downloads/license-information/IEEE.html},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {Advanced physiotherapy,obsidian,Parkinson disease,physiotherapy,Physiotherapy,PT,read,virtual,virtual care,Virtual care},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/GEDXSEGC/Wei et al. - 2019 - Towards On-Demand Virtual Physical Therapist Machine Learning-Based Patient Action Understanding, A.pdf}
}

@techreport{westEvolutionVideoStreaming2014,
  title = {The {{Evolution}} of {{Video Streaming}} and {{Digital Content Delivery}}},
  author = {West, Darrell M},
  year = {2014},
  month = may,
  pages = {8},
  institution = {Brookings Institution},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/ZIX9FYD7/West - The Evolution of Video Streaming and Digital Conte.pdf}
}

@misc{WhatReliableBroadband,
  title = {What Is Reliable Broadband and How Many {{Americans}} Have Access to It?},
  journal = {USAFacts},
  urldate = {2023-07-27},
  abstract = {According to the FCC's benchmarks, over 97\% of people had access to high-speed internet in 2021.},
  howpublished = {https://usafacts.org/articles/how-many-americans-have-broadband-internet-access/},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/XW6E9WAH/how-many-americans-have-broadband-internet-access.html}
}

@article{whiteheadGrowingPhenomenonVirtualFirst2021,
  title = {The Growing Phenomenon of "{{Virtual-First}}" Primary Care.},
  author = {Whitehead, David C and Mehrotra, Ateev},
  year = {2021},
  month = nov,
  journal = {JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association},
  doi = {10.1001/jama.2021.21169},
  affiliation = {Mass General Brigham, Boston, Massachusetts.},
  date-added = {2021-12-02T06:03:59GMT},
  date-modified = {2022-03-21T19:10:31GMT},
  langid = {english},
  local-url = {file://localhost/Users/nately/Dropbox/Articles/Library.papers3/J/2021/Whitehead/2021\%20Whitehead\%20JAMA.pdf},
  pmid = {34807253},
  rating = {0},
  read = {Yes},
  uri = {papers3://publication/doi/10.1001/jama.2021.21169},
  keywords = {Health equity,MSHIcapstone,obsidian,Primary care,telehealth,Telemedicine,virtual primary care},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/ICSINCC8/2021 Whitehead JAMA.pdf}
}

@misc{WhyYourState2022,
  title = {Why {{Your State Should Adopt}} the {{Uniform Telehealth Act}}},
  year = {2022},
  publisher = {National Conference of Commissioners on Uniform State Laws},
  urldate = {2024-02-18},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {legislation,MSHIcapstone,telehealth,telemedicine},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/3MPSG2XE/9c9ef510-7902-de2e-ca22-9edf291746e8_file.pdf}
}

@article{withersRemotelyDeliveredPhysiotherapy2024,
  title = {Remotely Delivered Physiotherapy Is as Effective as Face-to-Face Physiotherapy for Musculoskeletal Conditions ({{REFORM}}): A Randomised Trial},
  shorttitle = {Remotely Delivered Physiotherapy Is as Effective as Face-to-Face Physiotherapy for Musculoskeletal Conditions ({{REFORM}})},
  author = {Withers, Hannah G and Glinsky, Joanne V and Chu, Jackie and Jennings, Matthew D and Starkey, Ian and Parmeter, Rachel and Boulos, Max and Cruwys, Jackson J and Duong, Kitty and Jordan, Ian and Wong, David and Trang, San and Duong, Maggie and Liu, Hueiming and Hayes, Alison J and Lambert, Tara E and Zadro, Joshua R and Sherrington, Catherine and Maher, Christopher and Lucas, Barbara R and Taylor, Deborah and Ferreira, Manuela L and Harvey, Lisa A},
  year = {2024},
  month = mar,
  journal = {Journal of Physiotherapy},
  issn = {1836-9553},
  doi = {10.1016/j.jphys.2024.02.016},
  urldate = {2024-03-18},
  abstract = {Question Is remotely delivered physiotherapy as good or better than face-to-face physiotherapy for the management of musculoskeletal conditions? Design Randomised controlled, non-inferiority trial with concealed allocation, blinded assessors and intention-to-treat analysis. Participants A total of 210 adult participants with a musculoskeletal condition who presented for outpatient physiotherapy at five public hospitals in Sydney. Intervention One group received a remotely delivered physiotherapy program for 6 weeks that consisted of one face-to-face physiotherapy session in conjunction with weekly text messages, phone calls at 2 and 4 weeks, and an individualised home exercise program delivered through an app. The other group received usual face-to-face physiotherapy care in an outpatient setting. Outcome measures The primary outcome was the Patient Specific Functional Scale at 6 weeks with a pre-specified non-inferiority margin of --15 out of 100 points. Secondary outcomes included: the Patient Specific Functional Scale at 26 weeks; kinesiophobia, pain, function/disability, global impression of change and quality of life at 6 and 26 weeks; and satisfaction with service delivery at 6 weeks. Results The mean between-group difference (95\% CI) for the Patient Specific Functional Scale at 6 weeks was 2.7 out of 100 points (--3.5 to 8.8), where a positive score favoured remotely delivered physiotherapy. The lower end of the 95\% CI was greater than the non-inferiority margin. Whilst non-inferiority margins were not set for the secondary outcomes, the 95\% CI of the mean between-group difference ruled out clinically meaningful differences. Conclusion Remotely delivered physiotherapy with support via phone, text and an app is as good as face-to-face physiotherapy for the management of musculoskeletal conditions. Trial registration ACTRN12619000065190.},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone,Musculoskeletal conditions,Physical therapy,Randomised clinical trial,Rehabilitation,Telehealth},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/2KYLUEAF/Withers et al. - 2024 - Remotely delivered physiotherapy is as effective as face-to-face physiotherapy for musculoskeletal conditions (REFORM) a randomised trial.pdf}
}

@article{yadavCreatingBackupManagement2020,
  title = {Creating {{Backup Management Resources}} for {{Spine Care}} during the {{Coronavirus Disease}} 2019 {{Pandemic}}},
  author = {Yadav, Sandeep and Kar, Bikram and Banta, Aditya and Kumar, Awkash},
  year = {2020},
  month = may,
  journal = {Asian spine journal},
  volume = {14},
  doi = {10.31616/asj.2020.0193},
  abstract = {During this unprecedented time of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 19) pandemic, most countries are struggling to optimize their healthcare resources. Although the prevention and treatment of COVID 19 has become the priority for the majority of the population, most medical professionals are facing the challenge of balancing the management of this pandemic and treating patients with other diseases. Healthcare professionals from all specialties are facing this situation and designing guidelines and recommendations that are contributing to the literature that is crucial for disease management at the current time. We share our experience with two ends of the spectra that we currently observe in spine patients. One group of patients included the non-operative cases that presented with back pain. Further, we discuss our experience with operative precautions and digitally assisted discharge.},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/UUWWVY3E/Yadav et al. - 2020 - Creating Backup Management Resources for Spine Care during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic.pdf}
}

@article{yadavCreatingBackupManagement2020a,
  title = {Creating {{Backup Management Resources}} for {{Spine Care}} during the {{Coronavirus Disease}} 2019 {{Pandemic}}},
  author = {Yadav, Sandeep Kumar and Kar, Bikram Keshri and Banta, Aditya and Kumar, Awkash},
  year = {2020},
  month = may,
  journal = {Asian Spine Journal},
  volume = {14},
  number = {3},
  pages = {382--384},
  publisher = {Korean Society of Spine Surgery},
  issn = {1976-1902, 1976-7846},
  doi = {10.31616/asj.2020.0193},
  urldate = {2024-06-26},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {COVID-19,India,spine,telehealth,telerehabilitation},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/INTYNK84/Yadav et al. - 2020 - Creating Backup Management Resources for Spine Care during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic.pdf}
}

@misc{yanamadalaConversationSWORDHealth,
  title = {A Conversation with {{SWORD Health CMO Dr}}. {{Vijay Yanamadala}}},
  urldate = {2024-03-30},
  abstract = {In this episode, we hear from Vijay Yanamadala, MD, a neurosurgeon at Hartford HealthCare and Chief Medical Officer of virtual physical therapy company SWORD Health who estimates at the majority of patients referred for physical therapy could benefit from receiving support virtually.~ Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.},
  collaborator = {Yanamadala, Vijay},
  langid = {american},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/PVK59DSN/a-conversation-with-sword-health-cmo-dr-vijay-yanamadala.html}
}

@misc{yanamadalaVijayYanamadalaChief,
  title = {Vijay {{Yanamadala}} - {{Chief Medical Officer}} at {{Sword Health}}},
  author = {Yanamadala, Vijay},
  number = {S3E52},
  urldate = {2024-03-30},
  abstract = {In episode fifty-two, we speak with Vijay Yanamadala the Chief Medical Officer at Sword Health about digital virtual physical therapy, how they use sensors to gather feedback, and how he loves spending time with his family.},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/SL9XVWI9/vijay-yanamadala-chief-medical-officer-at-sword-health.html}
}

@article{yoonRemoteVirtualSpinal2020,
  title = {Remote {{Virtual Spinal Evaluation}} in the {{Era}} of {{COVID-19}}},
  author = {Yoon, Jang W. and Welch, Rachel L. and Alamin, Todd and Lavelle, William F. and Cheng, Ivan and {Perez-Cruet}, Mick and Fielding, Louis C. and Sasso, Rick C. and Linovitz, R. J. and Kim, Kee D. and Welch, William C.},
  year = {2020},
  month = jun,
  journal = {International Journal of Spine Surgery},
  volume = {14},
  number = {3},
  pages = {433--440},
  publisher = {International Journal of Spine Surgery},
  issn = {2211-4599, 2211-4599},
  doi = {10.14444/7057},
  urldate = {2024-06-23},
  abstract = {Background: With the COVID-19 pandemic disrupting many facets of our society, physicians and patients have begun using telemedicine as a platform for the delivery of health care. One of the challenges in implementing telemedicine for the spine care provider is completing a comprehensive spinal examination. Currently, there is no standardized methodology to complete a full spinal examination through telemedicine. Methods: We propose a novel, remote spinal examination methodology that is easily implemented through telemedicine, where the patient is an active participant in the successful completion of his or her examination. This type of examination has been validated in a neurology setting. To facilitate the telemedicine visit, we propose that video instruction be shared with the patient prior to the telemedicine visit to increase the efficacy of the examination. Results: Since the issuance of stay-at-home order across the states, many spine practices around the country have rapidly adopted and increased their telemedicine program to continue provide care for patients during COVID-19 pandemic. At a tertiary academic center in a busy metropolitan area, nearly 700 telemedicine visits were successfully conducted during a 4-week period. There were no remote visits being done prior to the shutdown. Conclusions: Implementation of our proposed remote spinal examination has the potential to serve as a guideline for the spine care provider to efficiently assess patients with spine disease using telemedicine. Because these are only suggestions, providers should tailor examination to each individual patient's needs. Level of Evidence: V. Clinical Relevance: It is likely that physicians will incorporate telemedicine into health care delivery services even after the COVID-19 pandemic subsides because of telemedicine's efficiency in meeting patient needs. Using the standard maneuvers provided in our study, spine care providers can perform a nearly comprehensive spine examination through telemedicine. Further studies will be needed to validate the reproducibility and reliability of our methodology.},
  chapter = {Other \&amp; Special Categories},
  copyright = {{\copyright}International Society for the Advancement of Spine Surgery},
  langid = {english},
  pmid = {32699768},
  keywords = {motor examination,neurologic examination,neurosurgery,orthopedics,spine examination,spine surgery,telemedicine,virtual clinic,virtual spine evaluation},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/B8KUK45Z/Yoon et al. - 2020 - Remote Virtual Spinal Evaluation in the Era of COVID-19.pdf}
}

@article{zelmerInternationalHealthIT2017a,
  title = {International Health {{IT}} Benchmarking: Learning from Cross-Country Comparisons},
  shorttitle = {International Health {{IT}} Benchmarking},
  author = {Zelmer, Jennifer and Ronchi, Elettra and Hypp{\"o}nen, Hannele and {Lupi{\'a}{\~n}ez-Villanueva}, Francisco and Codagnone, Cristiano and N{\o}hr, Christian and Huebner, Ursula and Fazzalari, Anne and {Adler-Milstein}, Julia},
  year = {2017},
  month = mar,
  journal = {Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA},
  volume = {24},
  number = {2},
  pages = {371--379},
  issn = {1067-5027},
  doi = {10.1093/jamia/ocw111},
  urldate = {2022-12-05},
  abstract = {Objective: To pilot benchmark measures of health information and communication technology (ICT) availability and use to facilitate cross-country learning.,  Materials and Methods: A prior Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development--led effort involving 30 countries selected and defined functionality-based measures for availability and use of electronic health records, health information exchange, personal health records, and telehealth. In this pilot, an Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Working Group compiled results for 38 countries for a subset of measures with broad coverage using new and/or adapted country-specific or multinational surveys and other sources from 2012 to 2015. We also synthesized country learnings to inform future benchmarking.,  Results: While electronic records are widely used to store and manage patient information at the point of care---all but 2 pilot countries reported use by at least half of primary care physicians; many had rates above 75\%---patient information exchange across organizations/settings is less common. Large variations in the availability and use of telehealth and personal health records also exist.,  Discussion: Pilot participation demonstrated interest in cross-national benchmarking. Using the most comparable measures available to date, it showed substantial diversity in health ICT availability and use in all domains. The project also identified methodological considerations (e.g., structural and health systems issues that can affect measurement) important for future comparisons.,  Conclusion: While health policies and priorities differ, many nations aim to increase access, quality, and/or efficiency of care through effective ICT use. By identifying variations and describing key contextual factors, benchmarking offers the potential to facilitate cross-national learning and accelerate the progress of individual countries.},
  pmcid = {PMC7651944},
  pmid = {27554825},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/8UGPYWMF/Zelmer et al. - 2017 - International health IT benchmarking learning fro.pdf}
}

@article{zenoozTelehealthWorkingPatients2020,
  title = {Telehealth {{Is Working}} for {{Patients}}. {{But What About Doctors}}?},
  author = {Zenooz, Ashwini M.},
  year = {2020},
  month = nov,
  journal = {Harvard Business Review},
  issn = {0017-8012},
  urldate = {2024-03-25},
  abstract = {As the healthcare industry embraces telehealth, we must ensuring providers are not only on-board with digital transformation but also see their experience of care enhanced in the process. Doing so involves a number of key considerations and requirements: Providers must 1) take change management seriously; 2) Employ human-centered design; and 3) Enhance care team connection and coordination.},
  keywords = {Health and behavioral science,Innovation,IT management,MSHIcapstone,Technology and analytics}
}

@article{zhouMHealthAppsSelfManagement2024,
  title = {{{mHealth Apps}} for the {{Self-Management}} of {{Low Back Pain}}: {{Systematic Search}} in {{App Stores}} and {{Content Analysis}}},
  shorttitle = {{{mHealth Apps}} for the {{Self-Management}} of {{Low Back Pain}}},
  author = {Zhou, Tianyu and Salman, David and McGregor, Alison},
  year = {2024},
  month = feb,
  journal = {JMIR mHealth and uHealth},
  volume = {12},
  number = {1},
  pages = {e53262},
  publisher = {JMIR Publications Inc., Toronto, Canada},
  doi = {10.2196/53262},
  urldate = {2024-05-22},
  abstract = {Background: With the rapid development of mobile health (mHealth) technology, many health apps have been introduced to the commercial market for people with back pain conditions. However, little is known about their content, quality, approaches to care for low back pain (LBP), and associated risks of use. Objective: The aims of this research were to (1) identify apps for the self-management of LBP currently on the market and (2) assess their quality, intervention content, theoretical approaches, and risk-related approaches. Methods: The UK iTunes and Google Play stores were initially searched for apps related to the self-management of LBP in May 2022. A repeat search in June 2023 was conducted to ensure that any relevant new apps developed in the last year were incorporated into the review. A total of 3 keywords recommended by the Cochrane Back and Neck Group were used to search apps ``low back pain,'' ``back pain,'' and ``lumbago.'' The quality of the apps was assessed by using the 5-point Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS). Results: A total of 69 apps (25 iOS and 44 Android) met the inclusion criteria. These LBP self-management apps mainly provide recommendations on muscle stretching (n=51, 73.9\%), muscle strengthening (n=42, 60.9\%), core stability exercises (n=32, 46.4\%), yoga (n=19, 27.5\%), and information about LBP mechanisms (n=17, 24.6\%). Most interventions (n=14, 78\%) are consistent with the recommendations in the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines. The mean (SD) MARS overall score of included apps was 2.4 (0.44) out of a possible 5 points. The functionality dimension was associated with the highest score (3.0), whereas the engagement and information dimension resulted in the lowest score (2.1). Regarding theoretical and risk-related approaches, 18 (26.1\%) of the 69 apps reported the rate of intervention progression, 11 (15.9\%) reported safety checks, only 1 (1.4\%) reported personalization of care, and none reported the theoretical care model or the age group targeted. Conclusions: mHealth apps are potentially promising alternatives to help people manage their LBP; however, most of the LBP self-management apps were of poor quality and did not report the theoretical approaches to care and their associated risks. Although nearly all apps reviewed included a component of care listed in the NICE guidelines, the model of care delivery or embracement of care principles such as the application of a biopsychosocial model was unclear.},
  copyright = {Unless stated otherwise, all articles are open-access distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work ("first published in JMIR mHealth and uHealth...") is properly cited with original URL and bibliographic citation information. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on http://mhealth.jmir.org/, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.},
  langid = {english},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/D8387CAI/Zhou et al. - 2024 - mHealth Apps for the Self-Management of Low Back Pain Systematic Search in App Stores and Content A.pdf}
}

@article{zischkeUtilityPhysiotherapyAssessments,
  title = {The Utility of Physiotherapy Assessments Delivered by Telehealth: {{A}} Systematic Review},
  shorttitle = {The Utility of Physiotherapy Assessments Delivered by Telehealth},
  author = {Zischke, Cherie and Simas, Vinicius and Hing, Wayne and Milne, Nikki and Spittle, Alicia and Pope, Rodney},
  journal = {Journal of Global Health},
  volume = {11},
  pages = {04072},
  issn = {2047-2978},
  doi = {10.7189/jogh.11.04072},
  urldate = {2024-09-25},
  abstract = {Background Telehealth use is increasing due to its ability to overcome service access barriers and provide continued care when disease transmission is of concern. However, little is known of the validity, reliability and utility of performing physiotherapy assessments using synchronous forms of telehealth across all physiotherapy practice areas. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the current clinometric value of performing physiotherapy assessments using synchronous forms of telehealth across all areas of physiotherapy practice. Methods A comprehensive search of databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, The Cochrane Library, Embase and EBSCO) was undertaken to identify studies investigating the clinometric value of performing physiotherapy assessments using synchronous forms of telehealth across all physiotherapy practice areas. Following selection, a quality appraisal was conducted using the Brink and Louw or Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Evidence regarding validity, reliability and utility of synchronous telehealth physiotherapy assessments was extracted and synthesised using a critical narrative approach. Results Thirty-nine studies conducted in a variety of simulated (n\,=\,15) or real-world telehealth environments (n\,=\,24), were included. The quality of the validity, reliability and utility studies varied. Assessments including range of movement, muscle strength, endurance, pain, special orthopaedic tests (shoulder/elbow), Berg Balance Scale, timed up and go, timed stance test, six-minute walk test, steps in 360-degree turn, Movement Assessment Battery for Children (2nd Edition), step test, ABILHAND assessment, active straight leg raise, and circumferential measures of the upper limb were reported as valid/reliable in limited populations and settings (many with small sample sizes). Participants appeared to embrace telehealth technology use, with most studies reporting high levels of participant satisfaction. If given a choice, many reported a preference for in-person physiotherapy assessments. Some inconsistencies in visual/auditory quality and challenges with verbal/non-verbal communication methods were reported. Telehealth was considered relatively cost-effective once services were established. Conclusions Performing physiotherapy assessments using synchronous forms of telehealth appears valid and reliable for specific assessment types in limited populations. Further research is needed in all areas of physiotherapy practice, to strengthen the evidence surrounding its clinometric value. Clinicians contemplating using this assessment mode should consider the client/family preferences, assessment requirements, cultural needs, environment, cost considerations, access and confidence using technology. Protocol registration PROSPERO: CRD42018108166.},
  pmcid = {PMC8684795},
  pmid = {34956637},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/78CJJW7R/Zischke et al. - The utility of physiotherapy assessments delivered by telehealth A systematic review.pdf}
}

@article{ZoomSeesMore2021,
  title = {Zoom Sees More Growth after 'unprecedented' 2020},
  year = {2021},
  month = mar,
  journal = {BBC News},
  urldate = {2023-07-27},
  abstract = {Zoom boss calls working from home "new reality" and predicts growth - but not at last year's pace.},
  chapter = {Business},
  langid = {british},
  keywords = {MSHIcapstone},
  file = {/Users/nately/Zotero/storage/IT6IUAX8/business-56247489.html}
}