concertticketbookingsystem

Concert Ticket Booking System (LLD)

Problem Statement

Design and implement a Concert Ticket Booking System that allows users to book seats for concerts. The system should manage concert details, seat availability, and handle bookings with proper validation.

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Requirements

• Concert Management: The system manages concert details including name, date, venue, and available seats.
• Seat Management: The system tracks different types of seats (VIP, STANDARD, ECONOMY) and their availability.
• Booking Management: Users can book seats, and the system handles booking status (CONFIRMED, CANCELLED).
• User Management: The system maintains user information for bookings.
• Validation: The system prevents double bookings and handles seat availability checks.

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Core Entities

• ConcertTicketBookingSystem: Main class that manages concerts, bookings, and seat allocation.
• Concert: Represents a concert with its details and seat management.
• Seat: Represents a seat with its type, status, and booking information.
• User: Represents a user who can book tickets.
• Booking: Represents a booking with its status and associated details.
• SeatType: Enum for different seat categories (VIP, STANDARD, ECONOMY).
• SeatStatus: Enum for seat states (AVAILABLE, BOOKED).
• BookingStatus: Enum for booking states (CONFIRMED, CANCELLED).

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Class Design

UML Class Diagram

1. ConcertTicketBookingSystem

• Fields: List concerts, List bookings
• Methods: addConcert(), bookSeat(), cancelBooking(), getAvailableSeats(), etc.

2. Concert

• Fields: String name, String date, String venue, List seats
• Methods: addSeat(), getAvailableSeats(), bookSeat(), etc.

3. Seat

• Fields: String seatNumber, SeatType type, SeatStatus status, Booking booking
• Methods: isAvailable(), book(), cancel(), etc.

4. User

• Fields: String name, String email

5. Booking

• Fields: String bookingId, User user, Concert concert, Seat seat, BookingStatus status
• Methods: confirm(), cancel(), etc.

6. Enums

• SeatType: VIP, STANDARD, ECONOMY
• SeatStatus: AVAILABLE, BOOKED
• BookingStatus: CONFIRMED, CANCELLED

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Example Usage

ConcertTicketBookingSystem system = new ConcertTicketBookingSystem();

// Add a concert
Concert concert = system.addConcert("Rock Concert", "2024-12-31", "Stadium");

// Book a seat
User user = new User("John Doe", "john@example.com");
Booking booking = system.bookSeat(concert, "A1", user);

// Cancel booking
system.cancelBooking(booking);

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Demo

See ConcertTicketBookingSystemDemo.java for a sample usage and simulation of the booking system.

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Extending the Framework

• Add payment processing: Integrate payment gateway for parkingTicket purchases
• Add waitlist functionality: Handle seat waitlist when fully booked
• Add discount management: Support for different pricing tiers and discounts
• Add notification system: Send booking confirmations and updates

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Design Patterns Used

• Singleton Pattern: For managing the booking system instance
• Factory Pattern: For creating different types of seats
• Observer Pattern: For notifying users about booking status changes

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