diff --git a/test/parallel/test-worker-internal-modules.mjs b/test/parallel/test-worker-internal-modules.mjs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000000..607eade85c5d45
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test/parallel/test-worker-internal-modules.mjs
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+import '../common/index.mjs';
+import tmpdir from '../common/tmpdir.js';
+import assert from 'node:assert/strict';
+import { once } from 'node:events';
+import fs from 'node:fs/promises';
+import { describe, test, before } from 'node:test';
+import { Worker } from 'node:worker_threads';
+
+const accessInternalsSource = `
+import 'node:internal/freelist';
+`;
+
+function convertScriptSourceToDataUrl(script) {
+  return new URL(`data:text/javascript,${encodeURIComponent(script)}`);
+}
+
+describe('Worker threads should not be able to access internal modules', () => {
+  before(() => tmpdir.refresh());
+
+  test('worker instantiated with module file path', async () => {
+    const moduleFilepath = tmpdir.resolve('test-worker-internal-modules.mjs');
+    await fs.writeFile(moduleFilepath, accessInternalsSource);
+    const w = new Worker(moduleFilepath);
+    await assert.rejects(once(w, 'exit'), { code: 'ERR_UNKNOWN_BUILTIN_MODULE' });
+  });
+
+  test('worker instantiated with module source', async () => {
+    const w = new Worker(accessInternalsSource, { eval: true });
+    await assert.rejects(once(w, 'exit'), { code: 'ERR_UNKNOWN_BUILTIN_MODULE' });
+  });
+
+  test('worker instantiated with data: URL', async () => {
+    const w = new Worker(convertScriptSourceToDataUrl(accessInternalsSource));
+    await assert.rejects(once(w, 'exit'), { code: 'ERR_UNKNOWN_BUILTIN_MODULE' });
+  });
+});