@@ -7,65 +7,32 @@ Disclaimer
77 and were obtained from measurements on Nordic DK development kits.
88
99
10- Protocol and Radio Transition Measurements
10+ Radio Transition Measurements
1111------------------------------------------
1212
1313The following measurement utilizes the nRF21540 Front-End Module (FEM) connected to a Nordic SoC, which provides
1414essential timing data via GPIO pins. The RX_EN pin manages the Low-Noise Amplifier (LNA) function of the
1515FEM. When RX_EN is low (deactivated), the LNA is disabled, signaling that receive operations are ending or the
16- radio is being deactivated at the conclusion of a time slot. Additionally, the PDN signal indicates when the
17- module is fully powered down or powered up during protocol transitions.
16+ radio is being deactivated at the conclusion of a time slot.
1817
19- During protocol transitions, two distinct timing metrics are measured:
18+ During protocol transitions, radio switching timing metric is measured in both directions :
2019
21- 802.15.4 to BLE Transitions :
22- Radio Switching Time :
20+ Radio Switching Time :
21+ 802.15.4 to BLE Transitions :
2322 - Start: FEM RX_EN pin event (802.15.4 radio turning off on the end of 802.15.4 activity)
2423 - End: RADIO READY event for BLE operation (ble radio turned on and ready)
2524
26- Protocol Switching Time:
27- - Start: FEM PDN pin event at the end of 802.15.4 activity
28- - End: FEM PDN pin event at the start of BLE activity
29- - Captures the full protocol stack transition overhead
30-
31- BLE to 802.15.4 Transitions:
32- Radio Switching Time:
25+ BLE to 802.15.4 Transitions::
3326 - Start: RADIO DISABLED event (BLE radio turning off)
3427 - End: RADIO READY event for 802.15.4 operation (802.15.4 radio turned on and ready)
3528
36- Protocol Switching Time:
37- - Start: FEM PDN pin event at the end of BLE activity
38- - End: FEM PDN pin event at the start of 802.15.4 activity
39- - Captures the full protocol stack transition overhead
40-
41- The measurements are collected during BLE advertisement, scanning, and connection activities.
42-
43-
44- Multiprotocol switching time comparison by device family
45- --------------------------------------------------------
29+ The measurements are collected during BLE advertisement, scanning, and connection activities during 802.15.4
30+ radio state set to receive mode.
4631
4732
48- Protocol Switching Time
49- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
50- +-------------------+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------------+
51- | BLE activity name | Direction | nRF52 mean [us] | nRF53 mean [us] | nRF54L mean [us] |
52- +===================+===============+=================+=================+==================+
53- | advertisement | 802.15.4→BLE | 257 | 261 | 205 |
54- +-------------------+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------------+
55- | advertisement | BLE→802.15.4 | 152 | 181 | 80 |
56- +-------------------+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------------+
57- | scanning | 802.15.4→BLE | 251 | 251 | 210 |
58- +-------------------+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------------+
59- | scanning | BLE→802.15.4 | 135 | 183 | 76 |
60- +-------------------+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------------+
61- | connection | 802.15.4→BLE | 258 | 258 | 214 |
62- +-------------------+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------------+
63- | connection | BLE→802.15.4 | 149 | 182 | 80 |
64- +-------------------+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------------+
65-
33+ Multiprotocol radio switching time comparison by device family
34+ --------------------------------------------------------------
6635
67- Radio Switching Time
68- ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
6936+-------------------+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------------+
7037| BLE activity name | Direction | nRF52 mean [us] | nRF53 mean [us] | nRF54L mean [us] |
7138+===================+===============+=================+=================+==================+
@@ -82,62 +49,62 @@ Radio Switching Time
8249| connection | BLE→802.15.4 | 333 | 398 | 211 |
8350+-------------------+---------------+-----------------+-----------------+------------------+
8451
85- Multiprotocol switching time measurements by device family
86- ----------------------------------------------------------
52+ Multiprotocol radio switching time measurements by device family
53+ ----------------------------------------------------------------
8754
8855
8956nRF52 family
9057^^^^^^^^^^^^
91- +-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------- +
92- | BLE activity name | Direction | Protocol Switching (min | mean | max) [us] | Radio Switching (min | mean | max) [us] |
93- +===================+===============+============================================+========================================= +
94- | advertisement | 802.15.4→BLE | 238 | 257 | 359 | 305 | 324 | 427 |
95- +-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------- +
96- | advertisement | BLE→802.15.4 | 136 | 152 | 163 | 273 | 289 | 299 |
97- +-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------- +
98- | scanning | 802.15.4→BLE | 235 | 251 | 265 | 287 | 303 | 317 |
99- +-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------- +
100- | scanning | BLE→802.15.4 | 133 | 135 | 141 | 232 | 234 | 239 |
101- +-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------- +
102- | connection | 802.15.4→BLE | 243 | 258 | 275 | 372 | 386 | 398 |
103- +-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------- +
104- | connection | BLE→802.15.4 | 135 | 149 | 165 | 312 | 333 | 354 |
105- +-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------- +
58+ +-------------------+---------------+---------------------------------+
59+ | BLE activity name | Direction | Timings (min | mean | max) [us] |
60+ +===================+===============+=================================+
61+ | advertisement | 802.15.4→BLE | 305 | 324 | 427 |
62+ +-------------------+---------------+---------------------------------+
63+ | advertisement | BLE→802.15.4 | 273 | 289 | 299 |
64+ +-------------------+---------------+---------------------------------+
65+ | scanning | 802.15.4→BLE | 287 | 303 | 317 |
66+ +-------------------+---------------+---------------------------------+
67+ | scanning | BLE→802.15.4 | 232 | 234 | 239 |
68+ +-------------------+---------------+---------------------------------+
69+ | connection | 802.15.4→BLE | 372 | 386 | 398 |
70+ +-------------------+---------------+---------------------------------+
71+ | connection | BLE→802.15.4 | 312 | 333 | 354 |
72+ +-------------------+---------------+---------------------------------+
10673
10774
10875nRF53 family
10976^^^^^^^^^^^^
110- +-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------- +
111- | BLE activity name | Direction | Protocol Switching (min | mean | max) [us] | Radio Switching (min | mean | max) [us] |
112- +===================+===============+============================================+========================================= +
113- | advertisement | 802.15.4→BLE | 236 | 261 | 420 | 320 | 346 | 505 |
114- +-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------- +
115- | advertisement | BLE→802.15.4 | 169 | 181 | 197 | 324 | 335 | 352 |
116- +-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------- +
117- | scanning | 802.15.4→BLE | 234 | 251 | 265 | 298 | 315 | 328 |
118- +-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------- +
119- | scanning | BLE→802.15.4 | 181 | 183 | 196 | 290 | 292 | 305 |
120- +-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------- +
121- | connection | 802.15.4→BLE | 244 | 258 | 275 | 375 | 388 | 401 |
122- +-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------- +
123- | connection | BLE→802.15.4 | 167 | 182 | 196 | 379 | 398 | 418 |
124- +-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------- +
77+ +-------------------+---------------+---------------------------------+
78+ | BLE activity name | Direction | Timings (min | mean | max) [us] |
79+ +===================+===============+=================================+
80+ | advertisement | 802.15.4→BLE | 320 | 346 | 505 |
81+ +-------------------+---------------+---------------------------------+
82+ | advertisement | BLE→802.15.4 | 324 | 335 | 352 |
83+ +-------------------+---------------+---------------------------------+
84+ | scanning | 802.15.4→BLE | 298 | 315 | 328 |
85+ +-------------------+---------------+---------------------------------+
86+ | scanning | BLE→802.15.4 | 290 | 292 | 305 |
87+ +-------------------+---------------+---------------------------------+
88+ | connection | 802.15.4→BLE | 375 | 388 | 401 |
89+ +-------------------+---------------+---------------------------------+
90+ | connection | BLE→802.15.4 | 379 | 398 | 418 |
91+ +-------------------+---------------+---------------------------------+
12592
12693
12794nRF54L family
12895^^^^^^^^^^^^^
129- +-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------- +
130- | BLE activity name | Direction | Protocol Switching (min | mean | max) [us] | Radio Switching (min | mean | max) [us] |
131- +===================+===============+============================================+========================================= +
132- | advertisement | 802.15.4→BLE | 118 | 205 | 209 | 184 | 268 | 273 |
133- +-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------- +
134- | advertisement | BLE→802.15.4 | 79 | 80 | 80 | 171 | 172 | 173 |
135- +-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------- +
136- | scanning | 802.15.4→BLE | 209 | 210 | 211 | 255 | 256 | 257 |
137- +-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------- +
138- | scanning | BLE→802.15.4 | 75 | 76 | 77 | 149 | 150 | 150 |
139- +-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------- +
140- | connection | 802.15.4→BLE | 212 | 214 | 223 | 345 | 348 | 348 |
141- +-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------- +
142- | connection | BLE→802.15.4 | 79 | 80 | 80 | 195 | 211 | 225 |
143- +-------------------+---------------+--------------------------------------------+----------------------------------------- +
96+ +-------------------+---------------+---------------------------------+
97+ | BLE activity name | Direction | Timings (min | mean | max) [us] |
98+ +===================+===============+=================================+
99+ | advertisement | 802.15.4→BLE | 184 | 268 | 273 |
100+ +-------------------+---------------+---------------------------------+
101+ | advertisement | BLE→802.15.4 | 171 | 172 | 173 |
102+ +-------------------+---------------+---------------------------------+
103+ | scanning | 802.15.4→BLE | 255 | 256 | 257 |
104+ +-------------------+---------------+---------------------------------+
105+ | scanning | BLE→802.15.4 | 149 | 150 | 150 |
106+ +-------------------+---------------+---------------------------------+
107+ | connection | 802.15.4→BLE | 345 | 348 | 348 |
108+ +-------------------+---------------+---------------------------------+
109+ | connection | BLE→802.15.4 | 195 | 211 | 225 |
110+ +-------------------+---------------+---------------------------------+
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