[NTR] nerve-associated tissue-resident macrophage

[cellsemantic]

Preferred term label
nerve-associated tissue-resident macrophage

Synonyms (add reference(s), please)
MHC class II-high macrophage (exact) — DOI:10.1126/science.abf7777
MHCIIhi macrophage (exact) — DOI:10.1126/science.aau0964
MHCII+ macrophage (exact) — DOI:10.1038/s41586-024-08002-x
nerve- and airway-associated macrophage (related) — DOI:10.1126/sciimmunol.aax8756

Definition (free text, with reference(s), please. PubMed ID format is PMID:XXXXXX)
A tissue-resident macrophage that preferentially occupies nerve-adjacent niches across multiple tissues. In mouse skin, this population ensheathes peripheral nerves and its depletion impairs axon regrowth after injury (DOI:10.1016/j.immuni.2019.06.018). It is characterised by high MHC class II and low LYVE1 surface expression with CCR2 negativity, distinguishing it from the vessel-associated LYVE1-high subset (DOI:10.1126/science.aau0964; DOI:10.1126/science.abf7777). In mice, the profile is Lyve1lo MHCIIhi CX3CR1hi (DOI:10.1126/sciimmunol.aax8756). In humans, the counterpart expresses HLA-DPA1, HLA-DRA, and CLEC7A, and is identified across fetal organs and prenatal skin (DOI:10.1126/science.abo0510; DOI:10.1038/s41586-024-08002-x).

Parent cell type term (check the hierarchy here https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols4/ontologies/cl)
tissue-resident macrophage (CL:0000864) — https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols4/ontologies/cl/classes/http%253A%252F%252Fpurl.obolibrary.org%252Fobo%252FCL_0000864

Anatomical structure where the cell type is found (check Uberon for anatomical structures: https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols4/ontologies/uberon)
dermis (UBERON:0002067) — https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols4/ontologies/uberon/classes/http%253A%252F%252Fpurl.obolibrary.org%252Fobo%252FUBERON_0002067
Note: this cell type is found across multiple tissues; dermis is the primary location in the fetal skin atlas context, but the nerve-adjacent niche is conserved in lung, heart, and other organs.

Your ORCID
[To be added by submitter]

Additional notes or concerns
This term is needed to represent a conserved, nerve-adjacent subset of tissue-resident macrophages that is distinct from the vessel-associated LYVE1-high subset and from recruited CCR2-positive macrophages. The niche-based label is preferred over a purely marker-based label because the nerve-adjacent positioning is the defining biological characteristic, documented across species and tissues by fate mapping and spatial methods. The MHCIIhi/Lyve1lo/CCR2-negative phenotype is shared with the nerve-associated macrophages described by Ural et al. (2020) as NAMs (nerve- and airway-associated macrophages) in mouse lung; the Kolter et al. (2019) dermis study provides the most direct evidence linking this phenotype to nerve-ensheathing and axon-regeneration support.

Proposed logical axioms:

• subClassOf 'part of' some 'dermis' (UBERON:0002067)
• subClassOf 'capable of' some 'antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class II' (GO:0002495)
• subClassOf 'capable of part of' some 'angiogenesis' (GO:0001525)

Key references:

• Chakarov et al. (2019) — DOI:10.1126/science.aau0964 — supports: cross-tissue Lyve1lo MHCIIhi niche pair definition
• Kolter et al. (2019) — DOI:10.1016/j.immuni.2019.06.018 — supports: nerve ensheathing in mouse dermis; functional role in axon regrowth
• Ural et al. (2020) — DOI:10.1126/sciimmunol.aax8756 — supports: Lyve1lo MHCIIhi CX3CR1hi mouse NAM profile; inflammation regulation
• Dick et al. (2022) — DOI:10.1126/science.abf7777 — supports: three-tissue fate-mapping of MHCIIhi nerve-tracking macrophage subset
• Suo et al. (2022) — DOI:10.1126/science.abo0510 — supports: human fetal cross-organ MHCIIhi macrophage identification
• Gopee et al. (2024) — DOI:10.1038/s41586-024-08002-x — supports: prenatal human skin marker profile and neurovascular niche co-localisation

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Draft generated by atlas-chat from: /Users/do12/Documents/GitHub/atlas_chat/projects/fetal_skin_atlas/reports/MHCII+ macrophage.md