[exporter/elasticsearch] report connection health via componentstatus (#39562)

#### Description

Report component status of the Elasticsearch exporter based on the
response code when making ingestion requests.

#### Testing

Added unit test confirming status is reported on http response. Also
tested manually with the collector and confirmed that the error
conditions appear when querying collector health status.

---------

Co-authored-by: Andrzej Stencel <andrzej.stencel@elastic.co>

Author: faec

.chloggen/elasticsearch-exporter-status.yaml

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# Use this changelog template to create an entry for release notes.
+
+# One of 'breaking', 'deprecation', 'new_component', 'enhancement', 'bug_fix'
+change_type: enhancement
+
+# The name of the component, or a single word describing the area of concern, (e.g. filelogreceiver)
+component: elasticsearchexporter
+
+# A brief description of the change.  Surround your text with quotes ("") if it needs to start with a backtick (`).
+note: Report Elasticsearch request success / failure via componentstatus
+
+# Mandatory: One or more tracking issues related to the change. You can use the PR number here if no issue exists.
+issues: [39562]
+
+# (Optional) One or more lines of additional information to render under the primary note.
+# These lines will be padded with 2 spaces and then inserted directly into the document.
+# Use pipe (|) for multiline entries.
+subtext:
+
+# If your change doesn't affect end users or the exported elements of any package,
+# you should instead start your pull request title with [chore] or use the "Skip Changelog" label.
+# Optional: The change log or logs in which this entry should be included.
+# e.g. '[user]' or '[user, api]'
+# Include 'user' if the change is relevant to end users.
+# Include 'api' if there is a change to a library API.
+# Default: '[user]'
+change_logs: [user]

exporter/elasticsearchexporter/esclient.go

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ package elasticsearchexporter // import "github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry
 import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
+	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"net/http"
 	"time"
@@ -15,6 +16,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/elastic/go-elasticsearch/v8/esapi"
 	"github.com/klauspost/compress/gzip"
 	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/component"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/component/componentstatus"
 	"go.uber.org/zap"
 
 	"github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-collector-contrib/internal/common/sanitize"
@@ -26,6 +28,7 @@ type clientLogger struct {
 	*zap.Logger
 	logRequestBody  bool
 	logResponseBody bool
+	componentHost   component.Host
 }
 
 // LogRoundTrip should not modify the request or response, except for consuming and closing the body.
@@ -62,13 +65,25 @@ func (cl *clientLogger) LogRoundTrip(requ *http.Request, resp *http.Response, cl
 			zap.String("status", resp.Status),
 		)
 		zl.Debug("Request roundtrip completed.", fields...)
+		if resp.StatusCode == http.StatusOK {
+			// Success
+			componentstatus.ReportStatus(
+				cl.componentHost, componentstatus.NewEvent(componentstatus.StatusOK))
+		} else if httpRecoverableErrorStatus(resp.StatusCode) {
+			err := fmt.Errorf("Elasticsearch request failed: %v", resp.Status)
+			componentstatus.ReportStatus(
+				cl.componentHost, componentstatus.NewRecoverableErrorEvent(err))
+		}
 
 	case clientErr != nil:
 		fields = append(
 			fields,
 			zap.NamedError("reason", clientErr),
 		)
 		zl.Debug("Request failed.", fields...)
+		err := fmt.Errorf("Elasticsearch request failed: %w", clientErr)
+		componentstatus.ReportStatus(
+			cl.componentHost, componentstatus.NewRecoverableErrorEvent(err))
 	}
 
 	return nil
@@ -111,6 +126,7 @@ func newElasticsearchClient(
 		Logger:          telemetry.Logger,
 		logRequestBody:  config.LogRequestBody,
 		logResponseBody: config.LogResponseBody,
+		componentHost:   host,
 	}
 
 	return elasticsearchv8.NewClient(elasticsearchv8.Config{
@@ -169,3 +185,11 @@ func createElasticsearchBackoffFunc(config *RetrySettings) func(int) time.Durati
 		return expBackoff.NextBackOff()
 	}
 }
+
+func httpRecoverableErrorStatus(statusCode int) bool {
+	// Elasticsearch uses 409 conflict to report duplicates, which aren't really
+	// an error state, so those return false (but if we were already in an error
+	// state, we will still wait until we get an actual 200 OK before changing
+	// our state back).
+	return statusCode >= 300 && statusCode != http.StatusConflict
+}

exporter/elasticsearchexporter/esclient_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+// Copyright The OpenTelemetry Authors
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+
+package elasticsearchexporter
+
+import (
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/component"
+	"go.opentelemetry.io/collector/component/componentstatus"
+	"go.uber.org/zap"
+)
+
+func TestComponentStatus(t *testing.T) {
+	statusChan := make(chan *componentstatus.Event, 1)
+	reporter := &testStatusReporter{statusChan}
+	esLogger := clientLogger{
+		Logger:          zap.New(nil),
+		logRequestBody:  false,
+		logResponseBody: false,
+		componentHost:   reporter,
+	}
+
+	// Pass in an error and make sure it's sent to the component status reporter
+	_ = esLogger.LogRoundTrip(nil, nil, io.EOF, time.Now(), 0)
+	select {
+	case event := <-statusChan:
+		assert.ErrorIs(t, event.Err(), io.EOF, "LogRoundTrip should report a component status error wrapping its error parameter")
+		assert.Equal(t, componentstatus.StatusRecoverableError, event.Status(), "LogRoundTrip on an error parameter should report a recoverable error")
+	default:
+		require.Fail(t, "LogRoundTrip with an error should report a recoverable error status")
+	}
+
+	// Pass in an http error status and make sure it's sent to the component status reporter
+	_ = esLogger.LogRoundTrip(
+		&http.Request{URL: &url.URL{}},
+		&http.Response{StatusCode: http.StatusUnauthorized, Status: "401 Unauthorized"},
+		nil, time.Now(), 0)
+	select {
+	case event := <-statusChan:
+		err := event.Err()
+		require.Error(t, err, "LogRoundTrip with an http error status should report a component status error")
+		assert.Contains(t, err.Error(), "401 Unauthorized", "LogRoundTrip with an http error status should include the status in its error state")
+		assert.Equal(t, componentstatus.StatusRecoverableError, event.Status(), "LogRoundTrip with an http error status should report a recoverable error")
+	default:
+		require.Fail(t, "LogRoundTrip with an http error code should report a recoverable error status")
+	}
+
+	// Pass in a 409 (duplicate document) and make sure it doesn't report a new status
+	_ = esLogger.LogRoundTrip(
+		&http.Request{URL: &url.URL{}},
+		&http.Response{StatusCode: http.StatusConflict, Status: "409 duplicate"},
+		nil, time.Now(), 0)
+	select {
+	case <-statusChan:
+		assert.Fail(t, "LogRoundTrip with a 409 should not change the component status")
+	default:
+	}
+
+	// Pass in an http success status and make sure the component status returns to OK
+	_ = esLogger.LogRoundTrip(
+		&http.Request{URL: &url.URL{}},
+		&http.Response{StatusCode: http.StatusOK}, nil, time.Now(), 0)
+	select {
+	case event := <-statusChan:
+		assert.NoError(t, event.Err(), "LogRoundTrip with a success status shouldn't report a component status error")
+		assert.Equal(t, componentstatus.StatusOK, event.Status(), "LogRoundTrip with a success status should report component status OK")
+	default:
+		require.Fail(t, "LogRoundTrip with an http success should report component status OK")
+	}
+}
+
+type testStatusReporter struct {
+	statusChan chan *componentstatus.Event
+}
+
+func (tsr *testStatusReporter) Report(event *componentstatus.Event) {
+	tsr.statusChan <- event
+}
+
+func (tsr *testStatusReporter) GetExtensions() map[component.ID]component.Component {
+	return make(map[component.ID]component.Component)
+}

exporter/elasticsearchexporter/go.mod

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/tidwall/gjson v1.18.0
 	go.opentelemetry.io/collector/client v1.31.1-0.20250509035855-4d929a9d6a7e
 	go.opentelemetry.io/collector/component v1.31.1-0.20250509035855-4d929a9d6a7e
+	go.opentelemetry.io/collector/component/componentstatus v0.125.1-0.20250509035855-4d929a9d6a7e
 	go.opentelemetry.io/collector/component/componenttest v0.125.1-0.20250509035855-4d929a9d6a7e
 	go.opentelemetry.io/collector/config/configauth v0.125.1-0.20250509035855-4d929a9d6a7e
 	go.opentelemetry.io/collector/config/configcompression v1.31.1-0.20250509035855-4d929a9d6a7e