https://vision.eng.au.dk/cloudcast-dataset/ seems to be EUMETSAT data with type of clouds labelled for a few years of data. Seems like its the Cloud Analysis data, which is what I've been waiting for still from EUMETSAT but haven't gotten yet.
https://github.com/FrontierDevelopmentLab/CUMULO is one with non-geosynchronous satellites.
https://github.com/meteofrance/meteonet includes data over France along with relevant auxiliary data (NWPs etc.)
http://sevir.mit.edu/sevir-dataset which has GOES and precipitation and lightning data
https://svrimg.niu.edu/ is more precipitation forecasting, but still interesting
Relates to #100