Detect long (BIGINT) arithmetic overflow instead of silently wrapping

PPL/SQL long arithmetic (+, -, *) in eval/SELECT expressions silently
wrapped on overflow in the Calcite engine (e.g. long_field * 999...9 wrapped
to a negative value with HTTP 200). SqlStdOperatorTable.PLUS/MINUS/MULTIPLY
generate plain Java +/-/* in the Enumerable code path, which wrap.

Rewrite long +/-/* to their overflow-checked variants (CHECKED_PLUS /
CHECKED_MINUS / CHECKED_MULTIPLY), which generate Math.addExact etc. and throw
ArithmeticException on overflow. The exception is caught in QueryService and
surfaced as a 4xx client error instead of wrapping or falling back to V2.

Scoped to BIGINT operands only: narrower integer arithmetic (byte/short/int)
is widened to a type that cannot overflow before this rewrite runs (PPLFuncImpTable
promotes byte/short to INT and any int/long to BIGINT for +/-/*), so long — which
has no wider integer type — is the sole remaining overflow case on the Calcite
engine. Float/double/decimal follow IEEE 754 / decimal semantics and have no
CHECKED_* runtime, so they are left untouched. The rewrite runs after the
analytics-engine fork, so only the Calcite path is affected (the DataFusion
backend handles its own overflow).

The rewrite runs before pushdown so both coordinator-executed and pushed-down
(script) arithmetic are checked; PPLAggregateConvertRule, OpenSearchRelOptUtil,
and ExtendedRelJson recognize the CHECKED_* kinds so aggregate/sort pushdown and
script serialization keep working. Adds a REST yaml test (issues/5164.yml) and
updates the affected explain fixtures.

Resolves #5164

Signed-off-by: Kai Huang <ahkcs@amazon.com>

Author: ahkcs

core/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/calcite/plan/rule/PPLAggregateConvertRule.java

@@ -135,7 +135,9 @@ public void apply(RelOptRuleCall call, LogicalAggregate aggregate, LogicalProjec
         final Function<RelNode, Function<RexNode, RexNode>> literalConverterProvider;
         RexCall rexCall = (RexCall) project.getProjects().get(aggCall.getArgList().getFirst());
         if (rexCall.getOperator().kind == SqlKind.PLUS
-            || rexCall.getOperator().kind == SqlKind.MINUS) {
+            || rexCall.getOperator().kind == SqlKind.MINUS
+            || rexCall.getOperator().kind == SqlKind.CHECKED_PLUS
+            || rexCall.getOperator().kind == SqlKind.CHECKED_MINUS) {
           AggregateCall countCall =
               AggregateCall.create(
                   aggCall.getParserPosition(),
@@ -280,7 +282,12 @@ private static boolean isCallWithLiteral(RexNode node) {
 
     List<SqlKind> CONVERTABLE_FUNCTIONS =
         List.of(
-            SqlKind.PLUS, SqlKind.MINUS, SqlKind.TIMES
+            SqlKind.PLUS,
+            SqlKind.MINUS,
+            SqlKind.TIMES,
+            SqlKind.CHECKED_PLUS,
+            SqlKind.CHECKED_MINUS,
+            SqlKind.CHECKED_TIMES
             // Don't support division because of the issue of integer division
             // e.g. (2000 / 3) * 3 = 1998 while 2000 * 3 / 3 = 2000
             // SqlKind.DIVIDE

core/src/main/java/org/opensearch/sql/executor/QueryService.java

@@ -16,10 +16,16 @@
 import org.apache.calcite.plan.RelTraitDef;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelCollation;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelCollations;
+import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelHomogeneousShuttle;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.RelNode;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.core.Sort;
 import org.apache.calcite.rel.logical.LogicalSort;
+import org.apache.calcite.rex.RexCall;
+import org.apache.calcite.rex.RexNode;
+import org.apache.calcite.rex.RexShuttle;
 import org.apache.calcite.schema.SchemaPlus;
+import org.apache.calcite.sql.SqlOperator;
+import org.apache.calcite.sql.fun.SqlStdOperatorTable;
 import org.apache.calcite.sql.parser.SqlParser;
 import org.apache.calcite.tools.FrameworkConfig;
 import org.apache.calcite.tools.Frameworks;
@@ -174,7 +180,9 @@ public void executeWithCalcite(
                   RelNode calcitePlan =
                       StageErrorHandler.executeStage(
                           QueryProcessingStage.PLAN_CONVERSION,
-                          () -> convertToCalcitePlan(relNode, context),
+                          () ->
+                              withCheckedArithmetic(
+                                  convertToCalcitePlan(relNode, context), context),
                           "while converting the query to an executable plan");
 
                   analyzeMetric.set(System.nanoTime() - analyzeStart);
@@ -187,7 +195,15 @@ public void executeWithCalcite(
                 },
                 QueryService.class);
           } catch (Throwable t) {
-            if (isCalciteFallbackAllowed(t) && !(t instanceof NonFallbackCalciteException)) {
+            ArithmeticException overflow = findArithmeticOverflow(t);
+            if (overflow != null) {
+              // Checked arithmetic detected integer/long overflow. Surface as a client error
+              // instead of wrapping (silently) or falling back to the V2 engine.
+              propagateCalciteError(
+                  new NonFallbackCalciteException(
+                      "Arithmetic overflow: " + overflow.getMessage(), overflow),
+                  listener);
+            } else if (isCalciteFallbackAllowed(t) && !(t instanceof NonFallbackCalciteException)) {
               log.warn("Fallback to V2 query engine since got exception", t);
               executeWithLegacy(plan, queryType, listener, Optional.of(t));
             } else {
@@ -227,7 +243,8 @@ public void explainWithCalcite(
                   context.run(
                       () -> {
                         RelNode relNode = analyze(plan, context);
-                        RelNode calcitePlan = convertToCalcitePlan(relNode, context);
+                        RelNode calcitePlan =
+                            withCheckedArithmetic(convertToCalcitePlan(relNode, context), context);
                         if (format != null) {
                           executionEngine.explain(calcitePlan, mode, format, context, listener);
                         } else {
@@ -383,6 +400,91 @@ private boolean isCalciteEnabled(Settings settings) {
     }
   }
 
+  /**
+   * Rewrite {@code +}/{@code -}/{@code *} to their overflow-checked variants ({@code CHECKED_PLUS}
+   * / {@code CHECKED_MINUS} / {@code CHECKED_MULTIPLY}) so integer and long arithmetic overflow
+   * throws {@link ArithmeticException} (via {@code Math.addExact} etc.) instead of silently
+   * wrapping. Applied before pushdown so both coordinator-executed and pushed-down (script)
+   * arithmetic are checked. Floating-point arithmetic is unchanged (IEEE 754).
+   *
+   * <p>This does the same rewrite as Calcite's {@code ConvertToChecked} but preserves each call's
+   * originally inferred type (via {@code makeCall(type, op, operands)}) and touches only the three
+   * arithmetic operators, so it does not re-derive the types of unrelated calls (e.g. {@code
+   * CEIL}/{@code DIVIDE}) the way {@code ConvertToChecked} does.
+   */
+  private static RelNode withCheckedArithmetic(RelNode calcitePlan, CalcitePlanContext context) {
+    RexShuttle checkedShuttle =
+        new RexShuttle() {
+          @Override
+          public RexNode visitCall(RexCall call) {
+            RexNode visited = super.visitCall(call);
+            if (!(visited instanceof RexCall rexCall)) {
+              return visited;
+            }
+            SqlOperator checked =
+                switch (rexCall.getOperator().getKind()) {
+                  case PLUS -> SqlStdOperatorTable.CHECKED_PLUS;
+                  case MINUS -> SqlStdOperatorTable.CHECKED_MINUS;
+                  case TIMES -> SqlStdOperatorTable.CHECKED_MULTIPLY;
+                  default -> null;
+                };
+            // Only integer/long arithmetic can overflow silently and has a checked
+            // implementation (Math.addExact etc.). Float/double/decimal have no checked variant
+            // (SqlFunctions.checkedMultiply(double,double) does not exist) and follow IEEE 754, so
+            // leave them untouched.
+            if (checked == null || !isCheckableIntegerArithmetic(rexCall)) {
+              return visited;
+            }
+            return context.rexBuilder.makeCall(rexCall.getType(), checked, rexCall.getOperands());
+          }
+        };
+    return calcitePlan.accept(
+        new RelHomogeneousShuttle() {
+          @Override
+          public RelNode visit(RelNode other) {
+            RelNode visited = super.visitChildren(other);
+            return visited.accept(checkedShuttle);
+          }
+        });
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Checked arithmetic is applied to BIGINT ({@code long}) operands only. Narrower integer
+   * arithmetic (byte/short/int) is already widened to a type that cannot overflow before this
+   * rewrite runs — {@code PPLFuncImpTable} promotes byte/short to INT and any int/long operand to
+   * BIGINT for {@code +}/{@code -}/{@code *} — so the sole remaining overflow case that reaches the
+   * Calcite engine is {@code long} arithmetic, which has no wider integer type to widen into.
+   * Float/double/decimal follow IEEE 754 (or decimal semantics) and have no {@code CHECKED_*}
+   * runtime (e.g. {@code SqlFunctions.checkedMultiply(double, double)} does not exist), so they are
+   * left untouched. Require both the result and every operand to be BIGINT.
+   */
+  private static boolean isCheckableIntegerArithmetic(RexCall call) {
+    if (!isCheckableLongType(call.getType())) {
+      return false;
+    }
+    return call.getOperands().stream().allMatch(op -> isCheckableLongType(op.getType()));
+  }
+
+  private static boolean isCheckableLongType(org.apache.calcite.rel.type.RelDataType type) {
+    return type.getSqlTypeName() == org.apache.calcite.sql.type.SqlTypeName.BIGINT;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Walk the cause chain to find an {@link ArithmeticException} raised by checked arithmetic. Row-
+   * level overflow surfaces wrapped (SQLException -&gt; RuntimeException -&gt; ErrorReport), so a
+   * top-level {@code catch (ArithmeticException)} is insufficient.
+   */
+  private static ArithmeticException findArithmeticOverflow(@Nullable Throwable t) {
+    for (Throwable cause = t;
+        cause != null && cause != cause.getCause();
+        cause = cause.getCause()) {
+      if (cause instanceof ArithmeticException arithmeticException) {
+        return arithmeticException;
+      }
+    }
+    return null;
+  }
+
   // TODO https://github.com/opensearch-project/sql/issues/3457
   // Calcite is not available for SQL query now. Maybe release in 3.1.0?
   private boolean shouldUseCalcite(QueryType queryType) {

docs/user/ppl/functions/expressions.md

@@ -11,6 +11,10 @@ Arithmetic expressions are formed by combining numeric literals and binary arith
 4. `/`: Division. When [`plugins.ppl.syntax.legacy.preferred`](../admin/settings.md) is `true` (default), integer operands follow the legacy truncating result. When the setting is `false`, the operands are promoted to floating-point, preserving the fractional part. Division by zero returns `NULL`.
 5. `%`: Modulo. This operator can only be used with integers and returns the remainder of the division.
 
+### Overflow behavior
+
+Integer and long arithmetic operations (`+`, `-`, `*`) in `eval` expressions detect overflow and return an error instead of silently wrapping. For example, `eval x = int_field + 1` where `int_field` is `2147483647` (integer max) returns an error rather than `-2147483648`. Floating-point (`float`, `double`) arithmetic follows IEEE 754 and does not produce overflow errors.
+
 ### Precedence
 
 You can use parentheses to control the precedence of arithmetic operators. Otherwise, operators with higher precedence are performed first.

integ-test/src/test/resources/expectedOutput/calcite/explain_agg_counts_by6.yaml

@@ -6,4 +6,4 @@ calcite:
           LogicalProject(gender=[$4], b_1=[+($3, 1)], $f3=[POWER($3, 2)])
             CalciteLogicalIndexScan(table=[[OpenSearch, opensearch-sql_test_index_account]])
   physical: |
-    CalciteEnumerableIndexScan(table=[[OpenSearch, opensearch-sql_test_index_account]], PushDownContext=[[AGGREGATION->rel#:LogicalAggregate.NONE.[](input=RelSubset#,group={0},count(b_1)=COUNT($1),c3=COUNT($2)), PROJECT->[count(b_1), c3, gender], LIMIT->10000], OpenSearchRequestBuilder(sourceBuilder={"from":0,"size":0,"timeout":"1m","aggregations":{"composite_buckets":{"composite":{"size":1000,"sources":[{"gender":{"terms":{"field":"gender.keyword","missing_bucket":true,"missing_order":"first","order":"asc"}}}]},"aggregations":{"count(b_1)":{"value_count":{"script":{"source":"{\"langType\":\"calcite\",\"script\":\"rO0ABXQBQ3sKICAib3AiOiB7CiAgICAibmFtZSI6ICIrIiwKICAgICJraW5kIjogIlBMVVMiLAogICAgInN5bnRheCI6ICJCSU5BUlkiCiAgfSwKICAib3BlcmFuZHMiOiBbCiAgICB7CiAgICAgICJkeW5hbWljUGFyYW0iOiAwLAogICAgICAidHlwZSI6IHsKICAgICAgICAidHlwZSI6ICJCSUdJTlQiLAogICAgICAgICJudWxsYWJsZSI6IHRydWUKICAgICAgfQogICAgfSwKICAgIHsKICAgICAgImR5bmFtaWNQYXJhbSI6IDEsCiAgICAgICJ0eXBlIjogewogICAgICAgICJ0eXBlIjogIkJJR0lOVCIsCiAgICAgICAgIm51bGxhYmxlIjogdHJ1ZQogICAgICB9CiAgICB9CiAgXQp9\"}","lang":"opensearch_compounded_script","params":{"utcTimestamp": 0,"SOURCES":[0,2],"DIGESTS":["balance",1]}}}},"c3":{"value_count":{"script":{"source":"{\"langType\":\"calcite\",\"script\":\"rO0ABXQBVHsKICAib3AiOiB7CiAgICAibmFtZSI6ICJQT1dFUiIsCiAgICAia2luZCI6ICJPVEhFUl9GVU5DVElPTiIsCiAgICAic3ludGF4IjogIkZVTkNUSU9OIgogIH0sCiAgIm9wZXJhbmRzIjogWwogICAgewogICAgICAiZHluYW1pY1BhcmFtIjogMCwKICAgICAgInR5cGUiOiB7CiAgICAgICAgInR5cGUiOiAiQklHSU5UIiwKICAgICAgICAibnVsbGFibGUiOiB0cnVlCiAgICAgIH0KICAgIH0sCiAgICB7CiAgICAgICJkeW5hbWljUGFyYW0iOiAxLAogICAgICAidHlwZSI6IHsKICAgICAgICAidHlwZSI6ICJJTlRFR0VSIiwKICAgICAgICAibnVsbGFibGUiOiB0cnVlCiAgICAgIH0KICAgIH0KICBdCn0=\"}","lang":"opensearch_compounded_script","params":{"utcTimestamp": 0,"SOURCES":[0,2],"DIGESTS":["balance",2]}}}}}}}}, requestedTotalSize=10000, pageSize=null, startFrom=0)])
+    CalciteEnumerableIndexScan(table=[[OpenSearch, opensearch-sql_test_index_account]], PushDownContext=[[AGGREGATION->rel#:LogicalAggregate.NONE.[](input=RelSubset#,group={0},count(b_1)=COUNT($1),c3=COUNT($2)), PROJECT->[count(b_1), c3, gender], LIMIT->10000], OpenSearchRequestBuilder(sourceBuilder={"from":0,"size":0,"timeout":"1m","aggregations":{"composite_buckets":{"composite":{"size":1000,"sources":[{"gender":{"terms":{"field":"gender.keyword","missing_bucket":true,"missing_order":"first","order":"asc"}}}]},"aggregations":{"count(b_1)":{"value_count":{"script":{"source":"{\"langType\":\"calcite\",\"script\":\"rO0ABXQBS3sKICAib3AiOiB7CiAgICAibmFtZSI6ICIrIiwKICAgICJraW5kIjogIkNIRUNLRURfUExVUyIsCiAgICAic3ludGF4IjogIkJJTkFSWSIKICB9LAogICJvcGVyYW5kcyI6IFsKICAgIHsKICAgICAgImR5bmFtaWNQYXJhbSI6IDAsCiAgICAgICJ0eXBlIjogewogICAgICAgICJ0eXBlIjogIkJJR0lOVCIsCiAgICAgICAgIm51bGxhYmxlIjogdHJ1ZQogICAgICB9CiAgICB9LAogICAgewogICAgICAiZHluYW1pY1BhcmFtIjogMSwKICAgICAgInR5cGUiOiB7CiAgICAgICAgInR5cGUiOiAiQklHSU5UIiwKICAgICAgICAibnVsbGFibGUiOiB0cnVlCiAgICAgIH0KICAgIH0KICBdCn0=\"}","lang":"opensearch_compounded_script","params":{"utcTimestamp": 0,"SOURCES":[0,2],"DIGESTS":["balance",1]}}}},"c3":{"value_count":{"script":{"source":"{\"langType\":\"calcite\",\"script\":\"rO0ABXQBVHsKICAib3AiOiB7CiAgICAibmFtZSI6ICJQT1dFUiIsCiAgICAia2luZCI6ICJPVEhFUl9GVU5DVElPTiIsCiAgICAic3ludGF4IjogIkZVTkNUSU9OIgogIH0sCiAgIm9wZXJhbmRzIjogWwogICAgewogICAgICAiZHluYW1pY1BhcmFtIjogMCwKICAgICAgInR5cGUiOiB7CiAgICAgICAgInR5cGUiOiAiQklHSU5UIiwKICAgICAgICAibnVsbGFibGUiOiB0cnVlCiAgICAgIH0KICAgIH0sCiAgICB7CiAgICAgICJkeW5hbWljUGFyYW0iOiAxLAogICAgICAidHlwZSI6IHsKICAgICAgICAidHlwZSI6ICJJTlRFR0VSIiwKICAgICAgICAibnVsbGFibGUiOiB0cnVlCiAgICAgIH0KICAgIH0KICBdCn0=\"}","lang":"opensearch_compounded_script","params":{"utcTimestamp": 0,"SOURCES":[0,2],"DIGESTS":["balance",2]}}}}}}}}, requestedTotalSize=10000, pageSize=null, startFrom=0)])

integ-test/src/test/resources/expectedOutput/calcite/explain_complex_sort_expr_no_expr_output_push.yaml

@@ -6,4 +6,4 @@ calcite:
           LogicalProject(account_number=[$0], firstname=[$1], address=[$2], birthdate=[$3], gender=[$4], city=[$5], lastname=[$6], balance=[$7], employer=[$8], state=[$9], age=[$10], email=[$11], male=[$12], _id=[$13], _index=[$14], _score=[$15], _maxscore=[$16], _sort=[$17], _routing=[$18], age2=[+(CAST($10):BIGINT, $7)])
             CalciteLogicalIndexScan(table=[[OpenSearch, opensearch-sql_test_index_bank]])
   physical: |
-    CalciteEnumerableIndexScan(table=[[OpenSearch, opensearch-sql_test_index_bank]], PushDownContext=[[PROJECT->[age, balance], SORT_EXPR->[+(CAST($0):BIGINT, $1) ASCENDING NULLS_FIRST], LIMIT->10000, PROJECT->[age]], OpenSearchRequestBuilder(sourceBuilder={"from":0,"size":10000,"timeout":"1m","_source":{"includes":["age"]},"sort":[{"_script":{"script":{"source":"{\"langType\":\"calcite\",\"script\":\"rO0ABXQCN3sKICAib3AiOiB7CiAgICAibmFtZSI6ICIrIiwKICAgICJraW5kIjogIlBMVVMiLAogICAgInN5bnRheCI6ICJCSU5BUlkiCiAgfSwKICAib3BlcmFuZHMiOiBbCiAgICB7CiAgICAgICJvcCI6IHsKICAgICAgICAibmFtZSI6ICJDQVNUIiwKICAgICAgICAia2luZCI6ICJDQVNUIiwKICAgICAgICAic3ludGF4IjogIlNQRUNJQUwiCiAgICAgIH0sCiAgICAgICJvcGVyYW5kcyI6IFsKICAgICAgICB7CiAgICAgICAgICAiZHluYW1pY1BhcmFtIjogMCwKICAgICAgICAgICJ0eXBlIjogewogICAgICAgICAgICAidHlwZSI6ICJJTlRFR0VSIiwKICAgICAgICAgICAgIm51bGxhYmxlIjogdHJ1ZQogICAgICAgICAgfQogICAgICAgIH0KICAgICAgXSwKICAgICAgInR5cGUiOiB7CiAgICAgICAgInR5cGUiOiAiQklHSU5UIiwKICAgICAgICAibnVsbGFibGUiOiB0cnVlCiAgICAgIH0KICAgIH0sCiAgICB7CiAgICAgICJkeW5hbWljUGFyYW0iOiAxLAogICAgICAidHlwZSI6IHsKICAgICAgICAidHlwZSI6ICJCSUdJTlQiLAogICAgICAgICJudWxsYWJsZSI6IHRydWUKICAgICAgfQogICAgfQogIF0KfQ==\"}","lang":"opensearch_compounded_script","params":{"MISSING_MAX":false,"utcTimestamp": 0,"SOURCES":[0,0],"DIGESTS":["age","balance"]}},"type":"number","order":"asc"}}]}, requestedTotalSize=10000, pageSize=null, startFrom=0)])
+    CalciteEnumerableIndexScan(table=[[OpenSearch, opensearch-sql_test_index_bank]], PushDownContext=[[PROJECT->[age, balance], SORT_EXPR->[+(CAST($0):BIGINT, $1) ASCENDING NULLS_FIRST], LIMIT->10000, PROJECT->[age]], OpenSearchRequestBuilder(sourceBuilder={"from":0,"size":10000,"timeout":"1m","_source":{"includes":["age"]},"sort":[{"_script":{"script":{"source":"{\"langType\":\"calcite\",\"script\":\"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\"}","lang":"opensearch_compounded_script","params":{"MISSING_MAX":false,"utcTimestamp": 0,"SOURCES":[0,0],"DIGESTS":["age","balance"]}},"type":"number","order":"asc"}}]}, requestedTotalSize=10000, pageSize=null, startFrom=0)])

integ-test/src/test/resources/expectedOutput/calcite/explain_complex_sort_expr_project_then_sort.yaml

@@ -6,4 +6,4 @@ calcite:
           CalciteLogicalIndexScan(table=[[OpenSearch, opensearch-sql_test_index_bank]])
   physical: |
     EnumerableCalc(expr#0..1=[{inputs}], expr#2=[CAST($t0):BIGINT], expr#3=[+($t2, $t1)], age=[$t0], age2=[$t3])
-      CalciteEnumerableIndexScan(table=[[OpenSearch, opensearch-sql_test_index_bank]], PushDownContext=[[PROJECT->[age, balance], SORT_EXPR->[+(CAST($0):BIGINT, $1) ASCENDING NULLS_FIRST], LIMIT->10000], OpenSearchRequestBuilder(sourceBuilder={"from":0,"size":10000,"timeout":"1m","_source":{"includes":["age","balance"]},"sort":[{"_script":{"script":{"source":"{\"langType\":\"calcite\",\"script\":\"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\"}","lang":"opensearch_compounded_script","params":{"MISSING_MAX":false,"utcTimestamp": 0,"SOURCES":[0,0],"DIGESTS":["age","balance"]}},"type":"number","order":"asc"}}]}, requestedTotalSize=10000, pageSize=null, startFrom=0)])
+      CalciteEnumerableIndexScan(table=[[OpenSearch, opensearch-sql_test_index_bank]], PushDownContext=[[PROJECT->[age, balance], SORT_EXPR->[+(CAST($0):BIGINT, $1) ASCENDING NULLS_FIRST], LIMIT->10000], OpenSearchRequestBuilder(sourceBuilder={"from":0,"size":10000,"timeout":"1m","_source":{"includes":["age","balance"]},"sort":[{"_script":{"script":{"source":"{\"langType\":\"calcite\",\"script\":\"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\"}","lang":"opensearch_compounded_script","params":{"MISSING_MAX":false,"utcTimestamp": 0,"SOURCES":[0,0],"DIGESTS":["age","balance"]}},"type":"number","order":"asc"}}]}, requestedTotalSize=10000, pageSize=null, startFrom=0)])