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.vscode/settings.json

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"Wingriders",
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"bytearray",
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"timeframe",
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"pubkey"
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"pubkey",
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"readablility",
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"remediative"
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]
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}

docs/intro.md

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## Learn more
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The **[Solution Overview](solution-overview)** section provides a high level
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description the Orcfax technical architecture and its primary components.
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description of the Orcfax technical architecture and its primary components.
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Learn more about the **[tokenomics](tokenomics)** and
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**[utility](utility-token)** of the Orcfax service's native FACT token.
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Read our FAQ sections to answer any further questions you may have about Orcfax
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or oracles in general.
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Read our [FAQ](oracle-basics) sections to answer any further questions you may
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have about Orcfax or oracles in general.
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You can also join our **[Discord][Discord-1]** to engage directly
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You can subscribe to our content on [Medium][med-1] to stay up to date on new
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developments and join our **[Discord][Discord-1]** to engage directly
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with Orcfax team members.
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[med-1]: https://medium.com/@orcfax
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[Discord-1]: https://dsc.gg/orcfax

docs/orcfax-solution/The-Orcfax-vision.md

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docs/orcfax-solution/auditability.md

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by Orcfax, along with complete documentation for all processes leading to
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publication.
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Each Orcfax fact statement that is published on the Cardano blockchain has a
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Each Orcfax Fact Statement that is published on the Cardano blockchain has a
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corresponding audit trail that documents how the primary source data was
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collected and validated before it was published as a Cardano transaction datum.
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These audit logs are marked up using both industry-standards and open-data
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standards that enable machine-readable interoperability, like
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[IETF Bagit][bagit-1], which improves digital repository interoperability for
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digital archival packages.
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standards that enable machine-readablility, like [IETF Bagit][bagit-1], which
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improves digital repository interoperability for digital archival packages.
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While navigating through the Explorer, users can click on a fact statement card
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to see the detailed summary for that fact statement. The Archive Explorer viewer
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While navigating through the Explorer, users can click on a Fact Statement card
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to see the detailed summary for that Fact Statement. The Archive Explorer viewer
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loads the archival audit log package from the Arweave network (via Arkly.io) and
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provides the user with an intuitive view of all the audit log files.
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Click on the link below to view a walkthrough of the Orcfax Explorer!
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Click on the link below to view a walkthrough of the Orcfax Explorer.
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[![Explorer walkthrough](https://img.youtube.com/vi/MVLOBT58PlA/0.jpg)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MVLOBT58PlA)
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This product brings additional value to the Orcfax solution by giving users the
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ability to freely search for, and review, all Fact Statements published by
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Orcfax. The Explorer does this through purposeful user-centered design decisions
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which have prioritized accessibility and ease of use for a dynamic and diverse
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user group.
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This product brings additional value to the Orcfax solution by providing tooling
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for users which enables them to freely search for, and review, all Fact
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Statements published by Orcfax. The Explorer does this through purposeful
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user-centered design decisions which have prioritized accessibility and ease of
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use for a dynamic and diverse user group.
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Orcfax will continue to build upon this service in order to deliver meaningful
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user tools which allow them to "trust but verify".
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[explorer-1]: https://explorer.orcfax.io/
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[bagit-1]: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/rfc8493/
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of metadata machine-readable. In Orcfax's case, that means metadata related to
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[Claims][claim-1] made about events happening in the real world.
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The use of these taxonomies, and the highly structured data as aa result, will
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The use of these taxonomies, and the resulting highly structured data, will
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perfectly position Orcfax feeds to serve as the source of a growing data lake of
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real world fact statements that will have many secondary reference uses beyond
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real world Fact Statements that will have many secondary reference uses beyond
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DeFi oracle publication. The highly machine and human readable data lake of
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validated fact statements can be used, for example, to train enterprise or
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validated Fact Statements can be used, for example, to train enterprise or
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personal AI models with reliable real-world data.
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Some of the most [current research on AI][ai-2]
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progress makes it clear that the in-deterministic nature of Large Language
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Models (LLM) cannot be relied upon for factual citations; these technologies
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need to be supported and trained by highly structured fact statements about the
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need to be supported and trained by highly structured Fact Statements about the
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real world that humans inhabit. We anticipate that the Orcfax protocol, anchored
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by the decentralized resiliency of the Cardano blockchain network, will have the
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ability to provide this foundational layer.
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We anticipate a suite of enterprise service layers on top of this data lake of
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decentralized, validated fact statements as a secondary revenue stream for the
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decentralized, validated Fact Statements as a secondary revenue stream for the
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Orcfax protocol once we reach a critical mass of feed types, data sources, and
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validator nodes.
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docs/orcfax-solution/data-collection.md

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## Decentralizing data collection​
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Since the roll out of our ADA-USD / USD-ADA feed, Orcfax has committed to
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Since the roll out of our ADA-USD feed, Orcfax has committed to
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educating users on the critical importance of rejecting data derived from single
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sources and the necessity for source redundancy. Orcfax addresses both of these
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and avoids single points of failure or attack by leveraging the scientific
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and avoids single points of failure or attack by leveraging the
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principle of triangulation, which is concerned with the utilization of multiple
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methods, or sources of information, in order to derive a comprehensive
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understanding of phenomena; this principle also aids in testing the validity of
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source information by providing the ability to compare the data across sources.
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Orcfax has enshrined this principle in node development and how nodes collect
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data.
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This principle has been enshrined in Orcfax node development and made evident in
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the processes by which Orcfax nodes collect data.
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Each Orcfax node is required to query, and receive data from a minimum of 3
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Each Orcfax node is required to query, and receive data from, a minimum of 3
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primary sources. This principle of triangulation protects the reliability and
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authenticity of oracle data. In practice, Orcfax node design uses the principle
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of triangulation in order to enable nodes to function even in scenarios where
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sources fail to return data, are compromised, or report anomalous data. In each
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of these scenarios, the principle means that nodes remain flexible and resilient
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given that they meet the threshold for minimum data sources (e.g. nodes query 5
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sources, and receive inputs from 4 which meets and exceeds the 3 source
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minimum), which enables the network to maintain data integrity and reliability
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while being unaffected by outliers.
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given that they meet the threshold for minimum data sources which enables the
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network to maintain data integrity and reliability while being unaffected by
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outliers.
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> Example
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>
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> If nodes query 5 sources, but only receive inputs from 4, the nodes can still
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successfully triangulate the data as the received inputs still meet the 3 source
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minimum.
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![Triangulation of primary sources](/img/2024-02--source-triangulation.jpg)
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because liquidity pools provide a unique and efficient price discovery
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mechanism. Within the pool, a token pair derives comparative value according to
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a simple mathematical formula that calculates price, in real time, as users
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affect the token-to-token ratio by adding or removing from either side. Because
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of this innate price discovery mechanism in liquidity pools, Orcfax now has the
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ability to provide a simple and elegant solution for decentralized Cardano
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Native Token feeds.
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affect the token-to-token ratio by adding or removing from either side of the
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currency pair. Because of this innate price discovery mechanism in liquidity
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pools, Orcfax has the ability to provide a simple and elegant solution for
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decentralized CNT feeds.
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Regardless of the target tokens requested by integrators, Orcfax will leverage
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Regardless of the CNT feed requested by integrators, Orcfax will leverage
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its network of validator nodes to execute the collection process. Each node will
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be responsible for querying the cardano ledger, in order to collect the total
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liquidity per token pair on each DEX. These liquidity values are then calculated
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![Virtual liquidity pooling](/img/2024-02--virtual-liquidity-pooling.jpg)
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This virtual pooling will then reflect the aggregated price of that token pair,
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as observed by that specific node. This approach removes the risk of low
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The virtual liquidity pool will then reflect the aggregated price of that token
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pair, as observed by that specific node. This approach removes the risk of low
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liquidity DEXes skewing the price to allow manipulation.
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Each Orcfax node will perform the same process and share their derived values

docs/orcfax-solution/publication-models.md

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# Publication models
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How data is brought on-chain through an Orcfax oracle feed depends entirely on
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the use case and the needs of integrating dApps; there are many different oracle
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use cases, and each needs something different from Orcfax. While there can be
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overlap in the data needs of smart contracts, many of these use cases have their
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own distinct requirements regarding when data is needed. Because of the varied
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needs of our integrators, Orcfax is developing publication options that allow
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integrators to choose services that best meet their needs. Orcfax feeds will now
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support two distinct publication models: our existing heartbeat model, and a new
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on-demand model.
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By providing the ability for consumers to choose the publication model, Orcfax
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How data is brought on-chain through an Orcfax oracle feed depends largely on
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the use case and the needs of integrators and their dApps; there are many
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different oracle use cases, and each needs something different from Orcfax.
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While there can be overlap in the data needs of smart contracts, many of these
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use cases have their own distinct requirements regarding when data is needed.
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Because of the varied needs of our integrators, Orcfax is developing publication
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options that allow integrators to choose services that best meet their needs.
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Orcfax feeds will now support two distinct publication models: our existing
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heartbeat model, and a new on-demand model.
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By providing integrators the ability to choose the publication model, Orcfax
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will enable dApps to increase flexibility and cost efficiency by choosing how
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best to receive their data: hourly, daily or when there’s a real-time
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requirement for the data (e.g. liquidations).
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## The heartbeat publication model
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The heartbeat publication model gives integrators the ability to access data at
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regular intervals which can be set according to their needs (e.g. every 5
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minutes, once per hour, etc.). This model can be further enhanced when paired
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with a monitoring feature which adds a deviation formula; heartbeat publication
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models with deviation add improved precision by guaranteeing data at both a
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consistent interval and when user-stipulated thresholds have been met (e.g.
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publish immediately before the next heartbeat if price changes by x%).
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regular intervals which can be parameterized according to their needs
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(e.g. every 5 minutes, once per hour, etc.). This model can be further enhanced
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when paired with a monitoring feature which adds a deviation formula; heartbeat
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publication models with deviation add improved precision by guaranteeing data at
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both a consistent interval and when integrator-stipulated thresholds have been
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met (e.g. publish immediately before the next heartbeat if price changes by x%).
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In the heartbeat publication model, nodes request and cache primary source data
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every minute. Publications are made at a fixed rate (in this case on the hour)
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![the heartbeat model](/img/2024-02--heartbeat.gif)
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This publication model is often referred to as a Push based oracle, as the
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oracle service is parameterized to publish (push)
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data, and does so continuously at predefined intervals so long as the feed
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remains funded.
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This publication model is often referred to as a *push* based oracle, as the
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oracle service is parameterized to publish (push) data, and does so continuously
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at predefined intervals so long as the feed remains funded.
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The benefits of the heartbeat (or push) publication model is that integrators
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receive data continuously. However, if the dApp provides services which only
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need data inputs for specific actions, at unpredictable times, or to verify
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components of a transaction, then this model can be nonoptimal or costly given
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the rate at which data is received versus instances of data use.
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The benefits of the heartbeat publication model is that integrators receive data
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continuously. However, if the dApp provides services which only need data inputs
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for specific actions, at unpredictable times, or to verify components of a
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transaction, then this model can be nonoptimal or costly given the rate at which
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data is received versus instances of data use; this inefficiency for some of our
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integrator's use cases led us to begin development on the Orcfax on-demand
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model.
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## The on-demand publication model
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The on-demand publication model allows complete flexibility and gives dApps even
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more control of data use by allowing them to request data collection, validation
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and publication whenever it’s needed by their smart contracts.
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more control of data use by allowing them to request data collection,
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validation, and publication whenever it’s needed by their smart contracts.
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If an Orcfax feed consumer needs a more current update for a given datum feed
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(e.g. ADA/FACT) than is available on-chain or through an existing heartbeat
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If an Orcfax feed integrator needs a more current update for a given Orcfax feed
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(e.g. ADA-FACT) than is available on-chain or through an existing heartbeat
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publication schedule, then:
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1. A dApp can request an updated datum by posting an utxo with a specific datum
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1. A dApp can request an updated datum by posting a utxo with a specific datum
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in an orders smart contract;
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1. This request is observed by the validator scripts;
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1. A validator node will be selected to submit the requested datum to the feeds
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![the on-demand model](/img/2024-02--on-demand.gif)
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This publication model is often referred to as a Pull based oracle, as the
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This publication model is often referred to as a *pull* based oracle, as the
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oracle service is directly triggered by requests made through a smart contract.
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The benefits of the on-demand (or pull) publication model is that integrators
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The benefits of the on-demand publication model is that integrators
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experience greater control over when data is made available. This service
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dramatically increases feed utility for dApps with use cases that can’t justify
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a consistent heartbeat. Instead, the on demand publication model allows their

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