如何给qq上传文件

[Xsocool]

我用的是Lagrange.OneBot + nonebot，我现在遇到一个问题，我想把本地的文件上传到qq群里，我不知道该怎么上传，我的理解是如果是oneBot基础的接口是可以直接调用bot.call_api获取信息，如果是扩展接口，是不是就得自己写post请求啊，比如说我现在这个上传文件的接口就需要手动写一个post请求去调用，是这样的意思吗，有没有大佬救救

[yanyongyu]

你可以直接 call api，data 就按照 api 的 body 填写 dict，不需要 message segment

[Xsocool]

大佬，这样雀氏可以调用接口了，但是还有一个问题，调用接口会一直提示file报错，我看报错日志提示是Lagrange.OneBot创建文件实体类的时候传参路径报错，我看了下Lagrange.OneBot的源码，感觉反序列化的时候应该没问题，但是不懂为啥创建实体类的时候path是空，我还试着把file参数前面的file:///去掉了也还是一样的报错，我想确定下是不是还是传的file的方式不对，如果不是的话那我再问问Lagrange.OneBot那边

[yanyongyu]

你的folder写错了吧，folder应该是群文件夹路径，file的问题看不出来，你把data打出来看看？然后把lgr日志等级调一下看看收到的日志

[H-Elden]

我上传QQ群文件同样遇到了问题，不清除是怎么回事，希望大佬可以解答一下！

现象：

• 引发 ActionFailed 异常
• Bot 没有上传任何文件

环境：

Lagrange.OneBot + Nonebot
使用的是 OneBot v11 协议

源代码如下：

test = on_command("test", priority=5, block=True)
@test.handle()
async def _(bot:Bot):
    group_id = 812564723
    file_path = "test.txt"
    # 转换为绝对路径
    file_path = str(Path(file_path).absolute())
    if not Path(file_path).exists():
        await send_group_file(bot, group_id, file_path, "test.txt", "/")
    else:
        await test.send("文件不存在！")


async def send_group_file(bot: Bot, group_id: int, file_path, name: str, folder):
    file = Path(file_path).as_uri()
    data = {
        "group_id": group_id,
        "file": file,
        "name": name,
        "folder": folder
    }
    logger.info(f"上传文件接口参数==>{data}")
    await bot.call_api("upload_group_file", data=data)

DEBUG级别日志如下：

点击展开

09-30 17:06:29 [SUCCESS] nonebot | OneBot V11 1234567890 | [message.group.normal]: Message 437521109 from 9876543210@[群:123123123] '/test'
09-30 17:06:29 [DEBUG] nonebot | Checking for matchers in priority 0...
09-30 17:06:29 [DEBUG] nonebot | Checking for matchers in priority 1...
09-30 17:06:29 [DEBUG] nonebot | Checking for matchers in priority 3...
09-30 17:06:29 [DEBUG] nonebot | Checking for matchers in priority 4...
09-30 17:06:29 [DEBUG] nonebot | Checking for matchers in priority 5...
09-30 17:06:29 [INFO] nonebot | Event will be handled by Matcher(type='message', module=src.plugins.plugin_test, lineno=35)
09-30 17:06:29 [DEBUG] nonebot | Running Matcher(type='message', module=src.plugins.plugin_test, lineno=35)
09-30 17:06:29 [DEBUG] nonebot | Running handler Dependent(call=_)
09-30 17:06:29 [INFO] plugin_test | 上传文件接口参数==>{'group_id': 123123123, 'file': 'file:///E:/Code/python/Project_VSCode/QQrobot/test.txt', 'name': 'test.txt', 'folder': '/'}
09-30 17:06:29 [DEBUG] nonebot | Running CallingAPI hooks...
09-30 17:06:29 [DEBUG] nonebot | OneBot V11 | Calling API upload_group_file
09-30 17:06:29 [INFO] nonebot | Matcher(type='message', module=src.plugins.plugin_test, lineno=35) running complete
09-30 17:06:29 [ERROR] nonebot | Running Matcher(type='message', module=src.plugins.plugin_test, lineno=35) failed.                                                       
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "E:\Code\python\Project_VSCode\QQrobot\bot.py", line 45, in <module>
    nonebot.run()
  File "E:\Code\python\Project_VSCode\QQrobot\QQrobot\Lib\site-packages\nonebot\__init__.py", line 337, in run
    get_driver().run(*args, **kwargs)
  File "E:\Code\python\Project_VSCode\QQrobot\QQrobot\Lib\site-packages\nonebot\drivers\fastapi.py", line 187, in run
    uvicorn.run(
  File "E:\Code\python\Project_VSCode\QQrobot\QQrobot\Lib\site-packages\uvicorn\main.py", line 579, in run
    server.run()
  File "E:\Code\python\Project_VSCode\QQrobot\QQrobot\Lib\site-packages\uvicorn\server.py", line 66, in run
    return asyncio.run(self.serve(sockets=sockets))
  File "C:\Users\Lenovo\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python311\Lib\asyncio\runners.py", line 190, in run
    return runner.run(main)
  File "C:\Users\Lenovo\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python311\Lib\asyncio\runners.py", line 118, in run
    return self._loop.run_until_complete(task)
  File "C:\Users\Lenovo\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python311\Lib\asyncio\base_events.py", line 640, in run_until_complete
    self.run_forever()
  File "C:\Users\Lenovo\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python311\Lib\asyncio\windows_events.py", line 321, in run_forever
    super().run_forever()
  File "C:\Users\Lenovo\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python311\Lib\asyncio\base_events.py", line 607, in run_forever
    self._run_once()
  File "C:\Users\Lenovo\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python311\Lib\asyncio\base_events.py", line 1922, in _run_once
    handle._run()
  File "C:\Users\Lenovo\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python311\Lib\asyncio\events.py", line 80, in _run
    self._context.run(self._callback, *self._args)
  File "E:\Code\python\Project_VSCode\QQrobot\QQrobot\Lib\site-packages\nonebot\utils.py", line 254, in run_coro_with_shield
    return await coro
  File "E:\Code\python\Project_VSCode\QQrobot\QQrobot\Lib\site-packages\nonebot\message.py", line 506, in check_and_run_matcher
    await _run_matcher(
> File "E:\Code\python\Project_VSCode\QQrobot\QQrobot\Lib\site-packages\nonebot\message.py", line 458, in _run_matcher
    await matcher.run(bot, event, state, stack, dependency_cache)
  File "E:\Code\python\Project_VSCode\QQrobot\QQrobot\Lib\site-packages\nonebot\internal\matcher\matcher.py", line 926, in run
    await self.simple_run(bot, event, state, stack, dependency_cache)
  File "E:\Code\python\Project_VSCode\QQrobot\QQrobot\Lib\site-packages\nonebot\internal\matcher\matcher.py", line 863, in simple_run
    await handler(
  File "E:\Code\python\Project_VSCode\QQrobot\QQrobot\Lib\site-packages\nonebot\dependencies\__init__.py", line 113, in __call__
    return await cast(Callable[..., Awaitable[R]], self.call)(**values)
  File "E:\Code\python\Project_VSCode\QQrobot\src\plugins\plugin_test.py", line 43, in _
    await send_group_file(bot, group_id, file_path, "test.txt", "/")
  File "E:\Code\python\Project_VSCode\QQrobot\src\plugins\plugin_test.py", line 57, in send_group_file
    await bot.call_api("upload_group_file", data=data)
  File "E:\Code\python\Project_VSCode\QQrobot\QQrobot\Lib\site-packages\nonebot\internal\adapter\bot.py", line 176, in call_api
    raise exception
  File "E:\Code\python\Project_VSCode\QQrobot\QQrobot\Lib\site-packages\nonebot\internal\adapter\bot.py", line 128, in call_api
    result = await self.adapter._call_api(self, api, **data)
  File "E:\Code\python\Project_VSCode\QQrobot\QQrobot\Lib\site-packages\nonebot\adapters\onebot\v11\adapter.py", line 175, in _call_api
    return handle_api_result(await self._result_store.fetch(seq, timeout))
  File "E:\Code\python\Project_VSCode\QQrobot\QQrobot\Lib\site-packages\nonebot\adapters\onebot\v11\utils.py", line 58, in handle_api_result
    raise ActionFailed(**result)
nonebot.adapters.onebot.v11.exception.ActionFailed: ActionFailed(status='failed', retcode=200, data=None, echo='2')
09-30 17:06:29 [DEBUG] nonebot | Stop event propagation
09-30 17:06:29 [DEBUG] nonebot | Checking for matchers completed

[yanyongyu]

action failed请查看协议端日志

[H-Elden]

问题解决说明

经过分析研究，我已成功解决该问题，不是由 NoneBot 或 Lagrange.OneBot 的bug引起的问题。现将关键修正点整理如下，希望能帮到大家：

错误1: call_api函数参数传递方式错误

错误代码：

await bot.call_api("upload_group_file", data=data)

正确写法：

await bot.call_api("upload_group_file", **data)

原因说明：
该函数期望接收 关键字参数 而非字典对象。使用 **data 会自动解包字典中的键值对作为单独参数传递。

错误2: 文件路径格式处理不当

错误行为：
使用Path(file_path).as_uri()生成file://开头的URI字符串，会导致路径解析错误。

正确做法：
直接传递原始文件路径字符串（绝对路径或相对于协议端的相对路径）。例如：

• 绝对路径: "E:\Folder\test.txt"
• 相对路径（相对于协议端）: "/test.txt"

正确代码示例

data = {
    "group_id": group_id,         # 示例：123456789（整数类型）
    "file": "E:\Folder\test.txt",  # 本地文件路径字符串
    "name": "test.txt",           # 文件名
    "folder": "/"                 # 相对路径，”/“ 表示群文件的根目录
}
await bot.call_api("upload_group_file", **data)