[Docs] Remove references to distutils in CPython

[jaraco]

Summary

In #4078, we learned that docs builds were failing due to broken references to distutils in CPython docs for Python 3.12. The plan is for Setuptools to host that documentation, which it does. Let's update the references internally not to point to CPython and remove the workaround added in that PR.

OS / Environment

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Additional Information

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Code of Conduct

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[abravalheri]

Thank you very much Jason.

I tried to investigate this a little bit, I also found it weird that the references were not being taken directly from the distutils docs hosted in the setuptools website.

Maybe this is related to either sphinx-doc/sphinx#11720 or sphinx-doc/sphinx#11721?