Cannot get multiple datasources to work - is a default profile necessary?

[cincottat]

Hi, this is my first post here, but I have been using Quarkus for a while now. A quick background of our app is that we are porting a legacy Java app that is utilizing Hibernate and Spring Framework (with Spring Data JPA) to Quarkus. We have chosen to implement Hibernate ORM with Panache to support REST resources accessed from an Angular front end. Our business model is such that we support customers who can run with any one of a select list of database providers (currently Oracle, PostgreSQL, DB2 and MySQL). As such, we would like to be as efficient and flexible as we can with our build configurations so we can deliver something our customers can easily configure and run.

With that said, and having looked at the example in the datasource configuration guide (https://quarkus.io/guides/datasource#configure-multiple-datasources) as well as the hibernate-orm configuration guide (https://quarkus.io/guides/hibernate-orm#multiple-persistence-units), my goal is to configure our project to support multiple datasources that can be started by using the -Dquarkus.profile={profile-name} parameter.

Right now, I have it configured with a default configuration (I think) and two profiles - one for Oracle and one for Postgres:

default config

quarkus.datasource.db-kind=oracle
quarkus.datasource.jdbc.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@xxxxxxxx:1521:xxxxxxx
quarkus.datasource."oracle".active=false
quarkus.datasource."postgres".active=false
.
.
quarkus.hibernate-orm.database.default-schema=xxxxxxxx
quarkus.hibernate-orm."oracle".active=false
quarkus.hibernate-orm."postgres".active=false
quarkus.hibernate-orm.database.generation=none
quarkus.hibernate-orm.log.sql=false
quarkus.hibernate-orm.packages=com.abc.def.model

oracle profile

%oracle.quarkus.datasource.db-kind=oracle
%oracle.quarkus.datasource."oracle".active=true
%oracle.quarkus.datasource.jdbc.url=jdbc:oracle:thin:@xxxxxxxx:1521:xxxxxxx
.
.
%oracle.quarkus.hibernate-orm.database.default-schema=xxxxxxxx
%oracle.quarkus.hibernate-orm."oracle".active=true
%oracle.quarkus.hibernate-orm.database.generation=none
%oracle.quarkus.hibernate-orm.log.sql=false
%oracle.quarkus.hibernate-orm.packages=com.abc.def.model

postgres profile

%postgres.quarkus.datasource.db-kind=postgresql
%postgres.quarkus.datasource."postgres".active=true
%postgres.quarkus.datasource.jdbc.url=jdbc:postgresql://xxxxxxxxxx:5432/xxxx
.
.
%postgres.quarkus.hibernate-orm."postgres".active=true
%postgres.quarkus.hibernate-orm.database.generation=none
%postgres.quarkus.hibernate-orm.log.sql=false
%postgres.quarkus.hibernate-orm.database.default-schema=xxxxxxxx
%postgres.quarkus.hibernate-orm.packages=com.abc.def.model

I run quarkus build, and then utilize the default fast-jar way of running the app locally on my Windows laptop. What is happening, when using the configuration shown above, is that if I set the default config's db-kind property to 'oracle', I can run with either java -jar quarkus-run.jar or java -Dquarkus.profile=oracle -jar quarkus-run.jar and all is good - startup is clean and services are successfully accessing the Oracle db:

C:\run-dn2>java -jar quarkus-run.jar
__  ____  __  _____   ___  __ ____  ______
 --/ __ \/ / / / _ | / _ \/ //_/ / / / __/
 -/ /_/ / /_/ / __ |/ , _/ ,< / /_/ /\ \
--\___\_\____/_/ |_/_/|_/_/|_|\____/___/
18:36:49 INFO  traceId=, parentId=, spanId=, sampled= [io.quarkus] (main) MyAppName1.0.0-SNAPSHOT on JVM (powered by Quarkus 3.19.4) started in 9.770s. Listening on: http://localhost:8081 and https://localhost:9443
18:36:49 INFO  traceId=, parentId=, spanId=, sampled= [io.quarkus] (main) Profile prod activated.
18:36:49 INFO  traceId=, parentId=, spanId=, sampled= [io.quarkus] (main) Installed features: [agroal, cdi, hibernate-orm, hibernate-orm-panache, hibernate-orm-rest-data-panache, hibernate-validator, jdbc-oracle, jdbc-postgresql, narayana-jta, oidc, rest, rest-jackson, rest-jaxb, rest-links, security, smallrye-context-propagation, smallrye-openapi, vault, vertx]
MyAppName started successfully

C:\run-dn2>java -Dquarkus.profile=oracle -jar quarkus-run.jar
__  ____  __  _____   ___  __ ____  ______
 --/ __ \/ / / / _ | / _ \/ //_/ / / / __/
 -/ /_/ / /_/ / __ |/ , _/ ,< / /_/ /\ \
--\___\_\____/_/ |_/_/|_/_/|_|\____/___/
18:43:56 INFO  traceId=, parentId=, spanId=, sampled= [io.quarkus] (main) MyAppName 1.0.0-SNAPSHOT on JVM (powered by Quarkus 3.19.4) started in 9.108s. Listening on: http://localhost:8081 and https://localhost:9443
18:43:56 INFO  traceId=, parentId=, spanId=, sampled= [io.quarkus] (main) Profile oracle activated.
18:43:56 INFO  traceId=, parentId=, spanId=, sampled= [io.quarkus] (main) Installed features: [agroal, cdi, hibernate-orm, hibernate-orm-panache, hibernate-orm-rest-data-panache, hibernate-validator, jdbc-oracle, jdbc-postgresql, narayana-jta, oidc, rest, rest-jackson, rest-jaxb, rest-links, security, smallrye-context-propagation, smallrye-openapi, vault, vertx]
MyAppName started successfully

However, if I then try running with the Postgres profile using java -Dquarkus.profile=postgres -jar quarkus-run.jar I receive this error:

C:\run-dn2>java -Dquarkus.profile=postgres -jar quarkus-run.jar
__  ____  __  _____   ___  __ ____  ______
 --/ __ \/ / / / _ | / _ \/ //_/ / / / __/
 -/ /_/ / /_/ / __ |/ , _/ ,< / /_/ /\ \
--\___\_\____/_/ |_/_/|_/_/|_|\____/___/
18:33:32 WARN  traceId=, parentId=, spanId=, sampled= [io.ag.pool] (JPA Startup Thread) Datasource '<default>': Driver does not support the provided URL: jdbc:postgresql://xxxxxxxxxx:5432/xxxx
18:33:32 WARN  traceId=, parentId=, spanId=, sampled= [io.ag.pool] (agroal-11) Datasource '<default>': Driver does not support the provided URL: jdbc:postgresql://xxxxxxxxxx:5432/xxxx
18:33:32 WARN  traceId=, parentId=, spanId=, sampled= [or.hi.en.jd.sp.SqlExceptionHelper] (JPA Startup Thread) SQL Error: 0, SQLState: null
18:33:32 ERROR traceId=, parentId=, spanId=, sampled= [or.hi.en.jd.sp.SqlExceptionHelper] (JPA Startup Thread) Driver does not support the provided URL: jdbc:postgresql://xxxxxxxxxx:5432/xxxx
18:33:32 WARN  traceId=, parentId=, spanId=, sampled= [or.hi.en.jd.en.in.JdbcEnvironmentInitiator] (JPA Startup Thread) HHH000342: Could not obtain connection to query metadata: org.hibernate.exception.GenericJDBCException: unable to obtain isolated JDBC connection [Driver does not support the provided URL: jdbc:postgresql://xxxxxxxxxx:5432/xxxx] [n/a]
        at org.hibernate.exception.internal.StandardSQLExceptionConverter.convert(StandardSQLExceptionConverter.java:63)
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:108)
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper.convert(SqlExceptionHelper.java:94)
        at org.hibernate.resource.transaction.backend.jta.internal.JtaIsolationDelegate.doTheWork(JtaIsolationDelegate.java:206)
        at org.hibernate.resource.transaction.backend.jta.internal.JtaIsolationDelegate.lambda$delegateWork$3(JtaIsolationDelegate.java:91)
        at org.hibernate.resource.transaction.backend.jta.internal.JtaIsolationDelegate.doInSuspendedTransaction(JtaIsolationDelegate.java:125)
        at org.hibernate.resource.transaction.backend.jta.internal.JtaIsolationDelegate.delegateWork(JtaIsolationDelegate.java:88)
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.internal.JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.getJdbcEnvironmentUsingJdbcMetadata(JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.java:320)
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.internal.JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.initiateService(JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.java:129)
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.env.internal.JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.initiateService(JdbcEnvironmentInitiator.java:81)
        at org.hibernate.boot.registry.internal.StandardServiceRegistryImpl.initiateService(StandardServiceRegistryImpl.java:130)
        at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.createService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:263)
        at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.initializeService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:238)
        at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.getService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:215)
        at org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry.requireService(ServiceRegistry.java:68)
        at org.hibernate.engine.jdbc.internal.JdbcServicesImpl.configure(JdbcServicesImpl.java:52)
        at org.hibernate.boot.registry.internal.StandardServiceRegistryImpl.configureService(StandardServiceRegistryImpl.java:136)
        at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.initializeService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:247)
        at org.hibernate.service.internal.AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.getService(AbstractServiceRegistryImpl.java:215)
        at org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry.requireService(ServiceRegistry.java:68)
        at org.hibernate.boot.internal.SessionFactoryOptionsBuilder.<init>(SessionFactoryOptionsBuilder.java:290)
        at io.quarkus.hibernate.orm.runtime.recording.PrevalidatedQuarkusMetadata.buildSessionFactoryOptionsBuilder(PrevalidatedQuarkusMetadata.java:72)
        at io.quarkus.hibernate.orm.runtime.boot.FastBootEntityManagerFactoryBuilder.build(FastBootEntityManagerFactoryBuilder.java:84)
        at io.quarkus.hibernate.orm.runtime.FastBootHibernatePersistenceProvider.createEntityManagerFactory(FastBootHibernatePersistenceProvider.java:72)
        at jakarta.persistence.Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(Persistence.java:80)
        at jakarta.persistence.Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory(Persistence.java:55)
        at io.quarkus.hibernate.orm.runtime.JPAConfig$LazyPersistenceUnit.get(JPAConfig.java:163)
        at io.quarkus.hibernate.orm.runtime.JPAConfig$1.run(JPAConfig.java:63)
        at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:1583)
Caused by: java.sql.SQLException: Driver does not support the provided URL: jdbc:postgresql://xxxxxxxxxx:5432/xxxx
        at io.agroal.pool.ConnectionFactory.connectionSetup(ConnectionFactory.java:241)
        at io.agroal.pool.ConnectionFactory.createConnection(ConnectionFactory.java:225)
        at io.agroal.pool.ConnectionPool$CreateConnectionTask.call(ConnectionPool.java:580)
        at io.agroal.pool.ConnectionPool$CreateConnectionTask.call(ConnectionPool.java:561)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:317)
        at io.agroal.pool.util.PriorityScheduledExecutor.beforeExecute(PriorityScheduledExecutor.java:75)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:642)
        ... 1 more

I have tried removing the default configuration completely, thinking it is the reason the "non-matching" profile fails to start successfully, but then the build will not even complete - I receive the following build error:

[INFO] --- quarkus-maven-plugin:3.19.4:build (default) @ services ---
[WARNING] [io.quarkus.agroal.deployment.AgroalProcessor] The Agroal dependency is present but no JDBC datasources have been defined.
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD FAILURE
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  01:24 min
[INFO] Finished at: 2025-03-25T18:51:50-05:00
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[ERROR] Failed to execute goal io.quarkus.platform:quarkus-maven-plugin:3.19.4:build (default) on project services: Failed to build quarkus application: io.quarkus.builder.BuildException: Build failure: Build failed due to errors
[ERROR]         [error]: Build step io.quarkus.hibernate.orm.deployment.HibernateOrmProcessor#configurationDescriptorBuilding threw an exception: io.quarkus.runtime.configuration.ConfigurationException: Unable to find datasource '<default>' for persistence unit '<default>': Datasource '<default>' is not configured. To solve this, configure datasource '<default>'. Refer to https://quarkus.io/guides/datasource for guidance.
[ERROR]         at io.quarkus.hibernate.orm.runtime.PersistenceUnitUtil.unableToFindDataSource(PersistenceUnitUtil.java:115)
[ERROR]         at io.quarkus.hibernate.orm.deployment.HibernateOrmProcessor.handleHibernateORMWithNoPersistenceXml(HibernateOrmProcessor.java:885)
[ERROR]         at io.quarkus.hibernate.orm.deployment.HibernateOrmProcessor.configurationDescriptorBuilding(HibernateOrmProcessor.java:350)
[ERROR]         at java.base/java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle.invokeWithArguments(MethodHandle.java:732)
[ERROR]         at io.quarkus.deployment.ExtensionLoader$3.execute(ExtensionLoader.java:856)
[ERROR]         at io.quarkus.builder.BuildContext.run(BuildContext.java:255)
[ERROR]         at org.jboss.threads.ContextHandler$1.runWith(ContextHandler.java:18)
[ERROR]         at org.jboss.threads.EnhancedQueueExecutor$Task.doRunWith(EnhancedQueueExecutor.java:2675)
[ERROR]         at org.jboss.threads.EnhancedQueueExecutor$Task.run(EnhancedQueueExecutor.java:2654)
[ERROR]         at org.jboss.threads.EnhancedQueueExecutor.runThreadBody(EnhancedQueueExecutor.java:1627)
[ERROR]         at org.jboss.threads.EnhancedQueueExecutor$ThreadBody.run(EnhancedQueueExecutor.java:1594)
[ERROR]         at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:842)
[ERROR]         at org.jboss.threads.JBossThread.run(JBossThread.java:499)
[ERROR] Caused by: io.quarkus.runtime.configuration.ConfigurationException: Datasource '<default>' is not configured. To solve this, configure datasource '<default>'. Refer to https://quarkus.io/guides/datasource for guidance.
[ERROR]         at io.quarkus.datasource.common.runtime.DataSourceUtil.dataSourceNotConfigured(DataSourceUtil.java:47)
[ERROR]         at io.quarkus.hibernate.orm.deployment.HibernateOrmProcessor.handleHibernateORMWithNoPersistenceXml(HibernateOrmProcessor.java:886)
[ERROR]         ... 11 more

Would anyone have a hint on what configuration I can use to accomplish my goals? Or if I am flat-out doing the wrong thing and there's an easier way? :)