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CHANGELOG.md

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## [0.0.3] – 2026-08-06
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Editorial: standards and national mappings
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This version introduces editorial and scoping clarifications around standards referenced by RecordWeb:
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- Clarified the description of the classical lifecycle (Section 4.3) as anchored in ISO 15489 and other national standards (e.g. Switzerland eCH-0164), instead of singling out Switzerland alone.
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- Refined the discussion of ISO 15489: the section now focuses on ISO as the international foundation for RecordWeb’s requirements, with national lifecycle frameworks (such as eCH-0164) explicitly treated as jurisdiction-specific mappings defined by their respective owners.
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- Removed git from the “Related Concepts” section; git is referenced only as an implementation analogy for DAGs, not as a records or archival standard.
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- Updated Annex B to state that RecordWeb directly maintains only international standards (ISO, W3C, IETF, etc.) and core conceptual frameworks. National or sectoral standards MAY be listed as non-normative mappings, with relationship text supplied by the standard owners.
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- Marked the relationship text for eCH-0164 in Annex B as “TBD by eCH”, making explicit that RecordWeb does not define the official mapping for this national standard. Others as "TBD by RecordWeb CG".
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- Removed explicit chapter "Introduction" as the info is in the doc by W3C-Template (Status of this document).
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These changes do not introduce new normative requirements. They clarify RecordWeb’s positioning: grounded in international standards, open to national mappings without structural dependency.
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## [0.0.2] – 2026-08-04
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Editorial alignment between RWC and RWP:

README.md

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**Editor's Draft**: https://recordweb.github.io/rwc/
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**Published baseline (v1.0)**: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20475343
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**Published baseline**: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20475343
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## About
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## Version History
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| Version | Date | Description |
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|---|---|---|
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| 0.0.1 | 2026-06-26 | Initial Editor's Draft — baseline from Zenodo v1.0 |
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See [`CHANGELOG.md`](CHANGELOG.md))
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## How to Contribute
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Feedback and contributions are welcome via [GitHub Issues](https://github.com/recordweb/rwc/issues) and Pull Requests.
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## Building Locally
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```bash
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pip install bikeshed
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bikeshed spec index.bs
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```
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## License
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© 2026 Nik Jenzer — TRIEBWERKSTATT GmbH
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Licensed under [CC BY 4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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You are free to share and adapt this material with attribution.

index.bs

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</pre>
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<div class="copyright">
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<p>Copyright © 2026 the Contributors to the RecordWeb Concept (RWC) v0.0.2, published by the <a href="https://www.w3.org/community/recordweb/">RecordWeb Community Group</a> under the <a href="https://www.w3.org/community/about/process/cla/">W3C Community Contributor License Agreement (CLA)</a>. A human-readable <a href="https://www.w3.org/community/about/process/cla-deed/">summary</a> is available.</p>
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<p>Copyright © 2026 the Contributors to the RecordWeb Concept (RWC) v0.0.3, published by the <a href="https://www.w3.org/community/recordweb/">RecordWeb Community Group</a> under the <a href="https://www.w3.org/community/about/process/cla/">W3C Community Contributor License Agreement (CLA)</a>. A human-readable <a href="https://www.w3.org/community/about/process/cla-deed/">summary</a> is available.</p>
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</div>
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<pre class="biblio">
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{
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"RWP": {
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"title": "RecordWeb Protocol (RWP)",
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"authors": ["Nik Jenzer"],
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"href": "https://recordweb.github.io/rwp/",
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"status": "CG-DRAFT"
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},
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"ISO15489": {
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"title": "ISO 15489-1:2016 — Information and documentation — Records management",
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"href": "https://www.iso.org/standard/62542.html",
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"publisher": "ISO"
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},
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"ISO14721": {
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"title": "ISO 14721:2012 — Open Archival Information System (OAIS)",
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"href": "https://www.iso.org/standard/57284.html",
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"publisher": "ISO"
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},
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"PROVO": {
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"title": "PROV-O: The PROV Ontology",
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"href": "https://www.w3.org/TR/prov-o/",
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"publisher": "W3C"
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},
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"DID-CORE": {
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"title": "Decentralized Identifiers (DIDs) v1.0",
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"href": "https://www.w3.org/TR/did-core/",
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"publisher": "W3C"
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},
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"ECH-0164": {
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"title": "eCH-0164 Information lifecycle in public administration (V1.1, in preparation)",
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"href": "https://www.ech.ch/de/ech/ech-standards/ech-0164",
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"publisher": "eCH",
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"status": "Draft"
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},
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"BERNERS-LEE-1989": {
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"title": "Information Management: A Proposal",
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"authors": ["Tim Berners-Lee"],
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"href": "https://www.w3.org/History/1989/proposal.html",
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"date": "1989"
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},
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"LINKED-DATA": {
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"title": "Linked Data",
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"authors": ["Tim Berners-Lee"],
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"href": "https://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html",
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"date": "2006"
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},
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"UPWARD-1996": {
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"title": "Structuring the Records Continuum — Part One",
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"authors": ["Frank Upward"],
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"date": "1996",
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"publisher": "Archives and Manuscripts, 24(2), 268–285"
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},
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"UPWARD-1997": {
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"title": "Structuring the Records Continuum — Part Two",
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"authors": ["Frank Upward"],
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"date": "1997",
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"publisher": "Archives and Manuscripts, 25(1), 10–35"
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},
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"GIT": {
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"title": "Git: Fast Version Control System",
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"authors": ["Linus Torvalds"],
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"href": "https://git-scm.com",
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"date": "2005"
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},
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"HYPERLEDGER": {
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"title": "Hyperledger: An Introduction",
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"href": "https://www.hyperledger.org/learn/white-papers",
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"publisher": "Linux Foundation",
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"date": "2015"
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},
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"BERNERS-LEE-1989": {
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"title": "Information Management: A Proposal",
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"authors": ["Tim Berners-Lee"],
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"href": "https://www.w3.org/History/1989/proposal.html",
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"date": "1989"
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},
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"DID-CORE": {
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"title": "Decentralized Identifiers (DIDs) v1.0",
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"href": "https://www.w3.org/TR/did-core/",
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"publisher": "W3C"
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},
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"ECH-0164": {
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"title": "eCH-0164 Information lifecycle in public administration (V1.1, in preparation)",
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"href": "https://www.ech.ch/de/ech/ech-standards/ech-0164",
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"publisher": "eCH",
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"status": "Draft"
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},
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"HYPERLEDGER": {
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"title": "Hyperledger: An Introduction",
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"href": "https://www.hyperledger.org/learn/white-papers",
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"publisher": "Linux Foundation",
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"date": "2015"
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},
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"ISO14721": {
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"title": "ISO 14721:2025 — Open Archival Information System (OAIS)",
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"href": "https://www.iso.org/standard/87471.html",
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"publisher": "ISO"
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},
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"ISO15489": {
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"title": "ISO 15489-1:2016 — Information and documentation — Records management",
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"href": "https://www.iso.org/standard/62542.html",
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"publisher": "ISO"
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},
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"LINKED-DATA": {
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"title": "Linked Data",
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"authors": ["Tim Berners-Lee"],
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"href": "https://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html",
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"date": "2006"
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},
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"NANOPUB": {
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"title": "Nanopublications: A Growing Resource of Provenance-Centric Scientific Linked Data",
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"authors": ["Tobias Kuhn", "Christine Chichester", "Michael Krauthammer", "Núria Queralt-Rosinach", "Ruben Verborgh", "George Giannakopoulos", "Axel-Cyrille Ngonga Ngomo", "Rafaël Gonçalves", "Michel Dumontier"],
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"href": "https://nanopub.net",
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"date": "2016"
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},
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"PROVO": {
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"title": "PROV-O: The PROV Ontology",
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"href": "https://www.w3.org/TR/prov-o/",
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"publisher": "W3C"
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},
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"RWP": {
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"title": "RecordWeb Protocol (RWP)",
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"authors": ["RecordWeb CG"],
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"href": "https://recordweb.github.io/rwp/",
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"status": "CG-DRAFT"
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},
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"SOLID": {
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"title": "The Solid Protocol",
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"authors": ["Sarven Capadisli", "Tim Berners-Lee", "Ruben Verborgh", "Kjetil Kjernsmo"],
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"href": "https://solidproject.org/TR/protocol",
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"publisher": "W3C Solid Community Group",
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"date": "2022"
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},
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"NANOPUB": {
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"title": "Nanopublications: A Growing Resource of Provenance-Centric Scientific Linked Data",
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"authors": ["Tobias Kuhn", "Christine Chichester", "Michael Krauthammer", "Núria Queralt-Rosinach", "Ruben Verborgh", "George Giannakopoulos", "Axel-Cyrille Ngonga Ngomo", "Rafaël Gonçalves", "Michel Dumontier"],
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"href": "https://nanopub.net",
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"date": "2016"
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},
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"ZENODO-RWC": {
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"title": "RecordWeb Concept (RWC) v1.0Published baseline",
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"authors": ["Nik Jenzer"],
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"href": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20475343",
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"date": "2026"
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}
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"UPWARD-1996": {
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"title": "Structuring the Records Continuum — Part One",
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"authors": ["Frank Upward"],
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"date": "1996",
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"publisher": "Archives and Manuscripts, 24(2), 268–285"
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},
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"UPWARD-1997": {
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"title": "Structuring the Records ContinuumPart Two",
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"authors": ["Frank Upward"],
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"date": "1997",
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"publisher": "Archives and Manuscripts, 25(1), 10–35"
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}
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}
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</pre>
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Introduction {#intro}
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=====================
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## Status of This Document ## {#status}
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This document is a **CG Draft** of the RecordWeb Community Group. It is an Editor's Draft maintained in the group's repository and does not represent a W3C standard or endorsed position.
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The published baseline of this concept is available at [[ZENODO-RWC]] (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20475343). This working document reflects ongoing development toward the Community Group deliverable.
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Feedback is invited via [GitHub Issues](https://github.com/recordweb/rwc/issues).
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Summary {#summary}
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=====================
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## The Classical Lifecycle: Structure Without Flexibility ## {#classical-lifecycle}
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On the other side stands the classical lifecycle, as anchored in [[ISO15489]] and in Switzerland in [[ECH-0164]]: processing — retention — archiving or disposal.
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On the other side stands the classical lifecycle, as anchored in [[ISO15489]] and other national standards (e.g. Switzerland [[ECH-0164]]): processing — retention — archiving or disposal.
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This framework has great merits. It creates clarity about responsibilities, enables legally compliant retention periods, and structures the transition between operational use and historical preservation. But the model carries a structural cost: it thinks in system boundaries. A Record "lives" in one system and is "moved" to another. Every transition is a migration, a transformation, a potential loss of information.
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RecordWeb is the technical implementation of the Records Continuum idea [[UPWARD-1996]] [[UPWARD-1997]]. The notion that a [=Record=] does not die but lives on is structurally anchored in RecordWeb, through immutable versions, through the [=version graph=], through the absence of an "archiving" system transition.
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## ISO 15489 and eCH-0164 ## {#related-iso15489}
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## Records Management (RM) ## {#related-rm}
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[[ISO15489]] defines international principles of Records Management: authenticity, reliability, integrity, usability. These four properties are RecordWeb's requirements specification. RecordWeb fulfils all four structurally:
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RM [[ISO15489]] defines international principles of Records Management: authenticity, reliability, integrity, usability. These four properties are RecordWeb's requirements specification. RecordWeb fulfils all four structurally:
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- **Authenticity**: DID and cryptographic hash guarantee that a [=Record=] is what it claims to be
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- **Reliability**: [=Finalisation=] and immutable versions guarantee that a [=Record=] is complete and correct at the time of finalisation
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- **Integrity**: Merkle hashes guarantee that a [=Record=] cannot change unnoticed after finalisation
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- **Usability**: The DID document and [=metadata=] guarantee that a [=Record=] remains findable and accessible, regardless of system migrations
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[[ECH-0164]] defines the information lifecycle for Swiss administration. RecordWeb reinterprets this model: the three phases become states within a single information object, without system boundaries between them.
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## OAIS ## {#related-oais}
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## Open archival information system (OAIS) ## {#related-oais}
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OAIS [[ISO14721]] is the international standard for digital long-term preservation. RecordWeb and OAIS are complementary: RecordWeb covers the operational phase; OAIS covers long-term preservation. RecordWeb [=Records=] can be migrated to long-term archives according to OAIS principles; the DID is retained in this process.
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## PROV-O ## {#related-provo}
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[[PROVO]] is a W3C standard for describing the provenance and history of data. RecordWeb and PROV-O overlap in intention. The difference: PROV-O is a description standard, it can be layered onto existing systems. RecordWeb is an architecture standard, provenance is structurally anchored in the [=version graph=]. PROV-O would be a possible serialisation format for RecordWeb lineage documentation.
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## Git ## {#related-git}
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[[GIT]] internally uses the same DAG approach as RecordWeb: every commit is an immutable snapshot, linked to its predecessors, identified by a cryptographic hash.
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RecordWeb learns from [[GIT]]: the immutability of commits, the explicitness of branches and merges, the cryptographic securing through content hashes. The difference: [[GIT]] is for code and files, not for semantic information objects with institutional accountability. [[GIT]] knows no states, no [=record owner=], no classification, no schema. RecordWeb adopts the fundamental technical logic of [[GIT]] and transfers it into the institutional context.
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## Summary: Positioning of RecordWeb ## {#positioning-summary}
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<table class="data">
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th>Concept</th>
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<th>Networking</th>
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<th>Versioning</th>
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<th>Auditability</th>
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<th>Institutional Governance</th>
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<th>Long-term Stability</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr><td>Linked Data</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>Records Continuum</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>ISO 15489</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>eCH-0164</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>OAIS</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>PROV-O</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
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<tr><td>Git</td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
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<tr>
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<td><strong>RecordWeb</strong></td>
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<td><strong></strong></td>
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<td><strong></strong></td>
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<td><strong></strong></td>
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<td><strong></strong></td>
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<td><strong></strong></td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table>
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Roadmap and Open Questions: An Invitation {#roadmap}
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<tbody>
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<td>[[ISO15489]]</td>
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<td>Conceptually compatible. RecordWeb provides a technical architecture that makes the normative requirements (authenticity, reliability, integrity, usability) implementable.</td>
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<td>TBD by RecordWeb CG.</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>ISO 30300</td>
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<td>Complementary. ISO 30300 defines who is responsible; RecordWeb defines how responsibility is structurally anchored.</td>
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<td>TBD by RecordWeb CG.</td>
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<td>[[ISO14721]] (OAIS)</td>
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<td>Complementary. RecordWeb covers the operational phase; OAIS covers long-term preservation. RecordWeb [=Records=] can be migrated to OAIS-compliant archives with the DID retained.</td>
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<td>TBD by RecordWeb CG.</td>
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<td>[[ECH-0164]]</td>
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<td>Compatible. RecordWeb reinterprets the three lifecycle phases as states within a single information object, without system boundaries between them.</td>
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<td>TBD by eCH.</td>
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<td>[[DID-CORE]]</td>
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<td>RecordWeb uses DIDs as the basis for [=Record=] [=identity=] and is fully compatible with the W3C DID standard.</td>
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<td>[[PROVO]]</td>
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<td>PROV-O could be used as a serialisation format for RecordWeb lineage documentation to establish interoperability with PROV-O-compatible systems.</td>
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<td>PROV-O would be used as serialisation format for RecordWeb lineage documentation to establish interoperability with PROV-O-compatible systems.</td>
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</table>

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