Merging pending edits into Will's finalized version

Author: David Schwarz

.gitignore

@@ -1,5 +1,11 @@
+tmp_*
 rules.html
 rules.pdf
-tmp_*
 superteam_rules.html
-superteam_rules.pdf
+superteam_rules.pdf
+ball_specification.html
+ball_specification.pdf
+field_specification.html
+field_specification.pdf
+scoring.pdf
+scoring.html

ball_specification.adoc

@@ -1,4 +1,25 @@
-[appendix]
+= RoboCupJunior Soccer Ball specifications
+{docdate}
+:toc: left
+:sectanchors:
+:sectlinks:
+:xrefstyle: full
+:section-refsig: Rule
+:sectnums:
+
+ifdef::basebackend-html[]
+++++
+<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.3.1/css/all.css" integrity="sha384-mzrmE5qonljUremFsqc01SB46JvROS7bZs3IO2EmfFsd15uHvIt+Y8vEf7N7fWAU" crossorigin="anonymous">
+<script src="https://hypothes.is/embed.js" async></script>
+++++
+endif::basebackend-html[]
+
+:icons: font
+:numbered:
+
+This document contains specifications for the passive ball (Open League, 
+orange golf ball), the large infrared ball (LightWeight and Entry League).
+
 [[technical-specification-for-pulsed-soccer-ball]]
 == Technical Specification for pulsed Soccer Ball
 
@@ -19,12 +40,17 @@ etc. - on-off detection with a possible gross indication of distance).
 
 [[pulsed-golf-2026]]
 === Switch to golf-ball sized pulsed ball in 2026
-{++Starting in 2026, Lightweight Soccer will be moving to a new IR Ball. The key
+Starting in 2026, Lightweight Soccer will be moving to a new IR Ball. The key
 difference with this ball is the size change from 74mm to 42mm diameter,
-which is the same size as the Open League's Passive ball. More information
+which is the same size as the Open League's passive ball. More information
 will be released during the 2025 season by the Committee. This ball is
 Open-Source, so anyone can produce one from the files & instructions on the
-GitHub Page here: https://github.com/robocup-junior/ir-golf-ball++}
+GitHub Page here: https://github.com/robocup-junior/ir-golf-ball . 
+
+Entry Leagues will continue to use the large infrared ball.
+footnote:[Entry Leagues frequently use Lego, FischerTechnik, Vex or other
+robotics kits with which handling a small ball is more difficult, especially
+for beginners.]
 
 [[pulsed-specifications]]
 === Specifications

field_specification.adoc

@@ -1,9 +1,24 @@
-[appendix]
-[[technical-specification-for-soccer-field]]
-== Technical Specification For Soccer Field
+= Technical Specification For Soccer Fields
+{docdate}
+:toc: left
+:sectanchors:
+:sectlinks:
+:xrefstyle: full
+:section-refsig: Rule
+:sectnums:
+
+ifdef::basebackend-html[]
+++++
+<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.3.1/css/all.css" integrity="sha384-mzrmE5qonljUremFsqc01SB46JvROS7bZs3IO2EmfFsd15uHvIt+Y8vEf7N7fWAU" crossorigin="anonymous">
+<script src="https://hypothes.is/embed.js" async></script>
+++++
+endif::basebackend-html[]
+
+:icons: font
+:numbered:
 
 [[dimensions-of-the-field]]
-=== Dimensions of the field
+== Dimensions of the field
 
 The playing field is 158 cm by 219 cm. The field is
 marked by a white line which is part of the playing field. Around the
@@ -18,13 +33,13 @@ wedge.
 Total dimensions of the field, including the outer area, are 182 cm by 243 cm.
 
 [[field-walls]]
-=== Walls
+== Walls
 
 Walls are placed all around the field, including behind the goals and the
 out-area. The height of the walls is 22 cm. The walls are painted matte black.
 
 [[goals]]
-=== Goals
+== Goals
 
 The field has two goals, centered on each of the shorter sides of the playing
 field. The goal inner space is 60 cm wide, 10 cm high and 74 mm deep, box
@@ -38,7 +53,7 @@ other goal blue. It is recommended that the blue be of a brighter shade so that
 it is different enough from the black exterior.
 
 [[floor]]
-=== Floor
+== Floor
 
 The floor
 consists of green carpet ideally of darker shade on top of a hard level surface. Teams
@@ -57,7 +72,7 @@ Organization Committee for suggestions if desiring to build their own practice
 field(s).
 
 [[neutral-spots]]
-=== Neutral spots
+== Neutral spots
 
 There are five neutral spots defined in the field. One is in the center of the
 field. The other four are adjacent to each corner, located 45 cm
@@ -66,13 +81,13 @@ areas. The neutral spots can be drawn with a thin black marker.
 The neutral spots ought to be of circular shape measuring 1 cm in diameter.
 
 [[center-circle]]
-=== Center circle
+== Center circle
 
 A center circle will be drawn on the field. It is 60 cm in diameter. It is a
 thin black marker line. It is there as guidance during kick-off.
 
 [[penalty-areas]]
-=== Penalty areas
+== Penalty areas
 
 In front of each goal there is a 25 cm wide and 80 cm long penalty
 area with rounded front corners (15cm radius).
@@ -81,7 +96,7 @@ The penalty areas are marked by a white line of 20 mm (±10%) width. The
 line is part of the area.
 
 [[lighting-and-magnetic-conditions]]
-=== Lighting and Magnetic Conditions
+== Lighting and Magnetic Conditions
 
 The tournament organizers will do their best to limit the amount of external lightning and
 magnetic interference. However, the robots need to be constructed in a way
@@ -96,4 +111,77 @@ relying on compass sensors or specific lightning conditions).
 image:media/SoccerFieldWedgeNoWedge.jpg[image,align=center,width=35.0%]
 
 [.text-center]
-image:media/SoccerFieldDrawings.png[image,width=18.0%]
+image:media/SoccerFieldDrawings.png[image,width=18.0%]
+
+== Field CAD models
+
+There are STEP and IGES files available that contain a model of the fields.
+These are _not authorithative_ and exist mostly for illustration purposes.
+footnote:[they can be found at 
+https://github.com/robocup-junior/soccer-rules/tree/master/media/CAD]
+
+== Notes on building soccer fields
+
+There is *no standard design&* for fields - some notes from experience are
+collected below. If you have any questions don't hesitate to ask on the usual
+channels (Discord, Forum, Email, all listed in the main rules)
+
+=== Getting your first field - starting small
+
+If you are a team, school etc. just getting started with RoboCupJunior Soccer
+you can start with something much simpler and cheaper than a competition-grade
+field: Get yourself some green carpet and some white tape for the lines and
+make a basic field you can put on the ground. The next upgrade could be some
+walls (maybe you have some cardboard or scrap wood that you can spray paint
+black and put up in a square shape). If you grow out of that it might be
+time to build actual full fields. There are designs that can be stowed
+relatively easily (by folding in half or being taken apart into quarters),
+more on that below.
+
+=== Converting existing equipment (esp. for Entry Leagues)
+
+// TODO: Put link for Entry details
+If you are considering starting in one of the Entry Leagues and you or your
+school have existing fields of any kind (e.g. First Lego League fields can
+be converted to competition-spec entry fields by just laying down carpet and
+installing goals. The Entry rules explicitly have a size range so that
+different size existing equipment can be used.
+
+=== Building Competition Fields
+
+If you are hosting a competition you are probably in one of three situations:
+
+- You build fields that you will be using for practice and then maybe
+put on fresh carpet when you use them for the competition. Many local
+competitions that get hosted by schools that also participate work this way.
+- You are building fields that you have no immediate use for after the
+big competition you're involved with hosting. In that case consider building
+fields that are suitable (i.e. durable, transportable and storable) to be
+given out to local/regional competition hosts or participating schools
+ in the region to support RoboCupJunior instead of going to waste.
+- You are using fields you already have.
+
+It may of course also be a combination of these cases or something else
+entirely. 
+
+=== Competition conditions
+
+If you are hosting competitions it is worth it to make sure all
+carpets use the same material, all walls and goals use the same surface finish
+(so no matte/shiny differences between fields, no color shade differences
+between the goals and so on). Teams greatly appreciate this because it makes
+their calibration work a lot better. This also applies to having even lighting.
+As little natural light as possible (because it tends to change a lot) and 
+placement of the fields in such a way that there is a similar amount of light
+(smartphones can measure this well) and as little shadow as possible on the
+fields).
+
+If you plan to use your fields for an extended period of time avoid fiberboard
+(MDF etc.). Qualify plywood works really well but is expensive - so investing
+in that once you have worn out a cheap field may be an option.  Robot impacts
+into walls and goals have gone down a lot with rule changes of 2022-2024 but
+we've had goals torn out of fields in the past. Assembling and disassembling
+fields (which you may have to do if you have limited space and have to store
+them when not in use or if you have to transport them to a location to host
+a regular tournament) also puts wear and tear on the fields and using locking
+fasteners where a thread or similar