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Editors

My editors:

  1. Neovim
  2. Helix

And Zellij for a smooth and stable terminal experience.

Tips

  1. Many useful keys are already provided by vim, check vim/neovim's docs before you install a new plugin / reinvent the wheel.
  2. After using Emacs/Neovim more skillfully, I strongly recommend that you read the official documentation of Neovim/vim:
    1. https://vimhelp.org/: The official vim documentation.
    2. https://neovim.io/doc/user/: Neovim's official user documentation.
  3. Use Zellij for terminal related operations, and use Neovim/Helix for editing.
  4. As for Emacs, Use its GUI version & terminal emulator vterm for terminal related operations.
  5. Two powerful file search & jump tools:
  6. Tree-view plugins are beginner-friendly and intuitive, but they're not very efficient.
  7. Search by the file path: Useful when you're familiar with the project structure, especially on a large project.
  8. Search by the content: Useful when you're familiar with the code.

Tutorial

Type :tutor(:Tutor in Neovim) to learn the basics usage of vim/neovim.

VIM's Cheetsheet

Here only record my commonly used keys, to see a more comprehensive cheetsheet: https://vimhelp.org/quickref.txt.html

Both Emacs-Evil & Neovim are compatible with vim, sothe key-bindings described here are common in both Emacs-Evil, Neovim & vim.

Terminal Related

I mainly use Zellij for terminal related operations, here is its terminal shortcuts I use frequently now:

Action Zellij's Shortcut
Floating Terminal Ctrl + p + w
Horizontal Split Terminal Ctrl + p + d
Vertical Split Terminal Ctrl + p + n
Execute a command !xxx

File Management

https://neovim.io/doc/user/usr_22.html

https://vimhelp.org/editing.txt.html

Action
Save selected text to a file :w filename (Will show :'<,'>w filename)
Save and close the current buffer :wq
Save all buffers :wa
Save and close all buffers :wqa
Edit a file :e filename(or :e <TAB> to show a file list)
Browse the file list :Ex or :e .
Discard changes and reread the file :e!

Motion

https://vimhelp.org/motion.txt.html

Action Command
Move to the start/end of the buffer gg/G
Move the line number 5 5gg / 5G
Move left/down/up/right h/j/k/l or 5h/5j/5k/5l or Ctr-n/Ctrl-p
Move to the matchpairs, default to (), {}, [] %
Move to the start/end of the line 0 / $
Move a sentence forward/backward ( / )
Move a paragraph forward/backward { / }
Move a section forward/backward [[ / ]]
Jump to various positions ' + some other keys(neovim has prompt)

Text Objects:

  • sentence: text ending at a '.', '!' or '?' followed by either the end of a line, or by a space or tab.
  • paragraph: text ending at a blank line.
  • section: text starting with a section header and ending at the start of the next section header (or at the end of the file). - The "]]" and "[[" commands stop at the '{' in the first column. This is useful to find the start of a function in a C/Go/Java/... program.

Text Manipulation

Basics:

Action
Delete the current character x
Paste the copied text p
Delete the selection d
Undo the last word CTRL-w(in insert mode)
Undo the last line CTRL-u(in insert mode)
Undo the last change u
Redo the last change Ctrl + r
Inserts the text of the previous insert Ctrl + a
Repeat the last command .
Toggle text's case ~
Convert to uppercase U (visual mode)
Convert to lowercase u (visual mode)
Align the selected content :center/:left/:right

Misc:

Action Shortcut
Toggle visual mode v (lower case v)
Select the current line V (upper case v)
Toggle visual block mode <Ctrl> + v (select a block vertically)
Fold the current code block zc
Unfold the current code block zo
Jump to Definition gd
Jump to References gD
(Un)Comment the current line gcc
Action
Sort the selected lines :sort
Join Selection of Lines With Space :join or J
Join without spaces :join!
Enter Insert mode at the start/end of the line I / A
Delete from the cursor to the end of the line D
Delete from the cursor to the end of the line, and then enter insert mode C

Advance Techs:

  • Add at the end of multiple lines: :normal A<text>

    • Execublock: :A<text>
    • visual block mode(ctrl + v)
    • Append text at the end of each line in the selected block
    • If position exceeds line end, neovim adds spaces automatically

  • Delete the last char of multivle lines: :normal $x

    • Execute $x on each line
    • visual mode(v)
    • $ moves cursor to the end of line
    • x deletes the character under the cursor

  • Delete the last word of multiple lines: :normal $bD

    • Execute $bD on each line
    • visual mode(v)
    • $ moves cursor to the end of line
    • b moves cursor to the beginning of the last word

Search

Action Command
Search forward/backword for a pattern / / ?
Repeat the last search in the same/opposite direction n / N

Find and Replace

Action Command
Replace in selected area :s/old/new/g
Replace in current line Same as above
Replace all the lines :% s/old/new/g
Replace all the lines with regex :% s@\vhttp://(\w+)@https://\1@gc
  1. \v means means that in the regex pattern after it can be used without backslash escaping(similar to python's raw string).
  2. \1 means the first matched group in the pattern.

Replace in the specific lines

Action Command
From the 10th line to the end of the file :10,$ s/old/new/g or :10,$ s@^@#@g
From the 10th line to the 20th line :10,20 s/old/new/g
Remove the trailing spaces :% s/\s\+$//g

The postfix(flags) in the above commands:

  1. g means replace all the matched strings in the current line/file.
  2. c means ask for confirmation before replacing.
  3. i means ignore case.

Buffers, Windows and Tabs

https://neovim.io/doc/user/usr_08.html

https://vimhelp.org/windows.txt.html

  • A buffer is the in-memory text of a file.
  • A window is a viewport on a buffer.
  • A tab page is a collection of windows.
Action Command
Split the window horizontally :sp[lit] or :sp filename
Split the window horizontally :vs[plit] or :vs filename
Switch to the next/previous window Ctrl-w + w or Ctrl-w + h/j/k/l
Show all buffers :ls
show next/previous buffer ]b/[b or :bn[ext] / bp[rev]
New Tab(New Workspace in DoomEmacs) :tabnew
Next/Previews Tab gt/gy

History

Action Command
Show the command history q:
Show the search history q/