diff --git a/lib/sequin/runtime/message_handler.ex b/lib/sequin/runtime/message_handler.ex
index c5ce26767..71bd9a797 100644
--- a/lib/sequin/runtime/message_handler.ex
+++ b/lib/sequin/runtime/message_handler.ex
@@ -222,15 +222,13 @@ defmodule Sequin.Runtime.MessageHandler do
     # We group_by consumer_id throughput because consumer as a key is slow!
     # So we need to do fast lookups by consumer_id
     consumers_by_id = Map.new(ctx.consumers, fn consumer -> {consumer.id, consumer} end)
+    {consumers_by_table_oid, wildcard_consumer_ids} = build_consumer_lookups(ctx.consumers)
 
     messages
     # First we get a list of consumer_ids that match the SlotProcessor.Message
     |> Stream.map(fn %SlotProcessor.Message{} = message ->
       matching_consumer_ids =
-        ctx.consumers
-        |> Stream.filter(&Consumers.matches_message?(&1, message))
-        # Then we map to a list of consumer_ids
-        |> Enum.map(& &1.id)
+        matching_consumer_ids(message, consumers_by_id, consumers_by_table_oid, wildcard_consumer_ids)
 
       {message, matching_consumer_ids}
     end)
@@ -258,6 +256,55 @@ defmodule Sequin.Runtime.MessageHandler do
     end)
   end
 
+  # Uses memoized lookups to find matching consumer IDs for a message.
+  # For consumers with simple include_table_oids config, we do O(1) lookup by table_oid.
+  # For consumers with complex filters (wildcard group), we still need to check matches_message?.
+  defp matching_consumer_ids(
+         %SlotProcessor.Message{} = message,
+         consumers_by_id,
+         consumers_by_table_oid,
+         wildcard_consumer_ids
+       ) do
+    # Get consumers from the memoized table_oid lookup
+    simple_consumer_ids = Map.get(consumers_by_table_oid, message.table_oid, [])
+
+    Enum.filter(simple_consumer_ids ++ wildcard_consumer_ids, fn consumer_id ->
+      consumer = Map.fetch!(consumers_by_id, consumer_id)
+      Consumers.matches_message?(consumer, message)
+    end)
+  end
+
+  # Builds memoized consumer lookup structures for performance optimization.
+  # Consumers with only include_table_oids are grouped by table_oid for O(1) lookup.
+  # All other consumers (with schema filters or exclude rules) go into a wildcard list.
+  defp build_consumer_lookups(consumers) do
+    {simple_consumers, wildcard_consumers} = Enum.split_with(consumers, &simple_table_oid_consumer?/1)
+
+    consumers_by_table_oid =
+      Enum.reduce(simple_consumers, %{}, fn consumer, acc ->
+        table_oids = consumer.source.include_table_oids
+
+        Enum.reduce(table_oids, acc, fn table_oid, inner_acc ->
+          Map.update(inner_acc, table_oid, [consumer.id], fn ids -> [consumer.id | ids] end)
+        end)
+      end)
+
+    wildcard_consumer_ids = Enum.map(wildcard_consumers, & &1.id)
+
+    {consumers_by_table_oid, wildcard_consumer_ids}
+  end
+
+  # Returns true if the consumer has a simple source configuration with only include_table_oids
+  # and no other filtering rules (no schema filters, no exclude rules).
+  defp simple_table_oid_consumer?(%SinkConsumer{source: nil}), do: false
+
+  defp simple_table_oid_consumer?(%SinkConsumer{source: %Consumers.Source{} = source}) do
+    is_list(source.include_table_oids) and
+      is_nil(source.exclude_table_oids) and
+      is_nil(source.include_schemas) and
+      is_nil(source.exclude_schemas)
+  end
+
   @decorate track_metrics("map_to_consumer_message")
   defp consumer_message(%SinkConsumer{} = consumer, %PostgresDatabase{} = database, %SlotProcessor.Message{} = message) do
     Consumers.consumer_message(consumer, database, message)