Implement weak subjectivity safety checks #17864

Job	Run time
dockerfile-ubuntu	8m 27s
doppelganger-protection-failure-test	7m 3s
run-local-testnet	27m 30s
doppelganger-protection-success-test	11m 58s
genesis-sync-test-fulu-300s	7m 46s
genesis-sync-test-fulu-120s	4m 27s
genesis-sync-test-electra-300s	7m 26s
genesis-sync-test-electra-120s	4m 25s
checkpoint-sync-test-${{ matrix.network }}	-1s
local-testnet-success	8s
	1h 19m 9s

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