Implement weak subjectivity safety checks #17869

Job	Run time
dockerfile-ubuntu	8m 23s
run-local-testnet	27m 34s
doppelganger-protection-failure-test	7m 13s
genesis-sync-test-electra-120s	4m 25s
doppelganger-protection-success-test	12m 12s
genesis-sync-test-fulu-300s	7m 38s
genesis-sync-test-fulu-120s	4m 27s
genesis-sync-test-electra-300s	7m 27s
checkpoint-sync-test-${{ matrix.network }}	-1s
local-testnet-success	6s
	1h 19m 24s

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