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‎src/crashcourse/basics.ml‎

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(** Näited. *)
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(** Lihtsad funktsioonid. *)
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(** Suurendab täisarvu ühe võrra. *)
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let inc (x: int): int =
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failwith "TODO"
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(** Suurendab täisarvu ühe võrra.
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Kasutada "lambdafunktsiooni". *)
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let inc': int -> int = fun x ->
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failwith "TODO"
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(** Rekursiivsed funktsioonid. *)
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(** Arvutab faktoriaali.
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Kasutada if-i.
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Vihje: võrdusoperaator on = (mitte ==) ja selle vastand on <> (mitte !=). *)
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let rec fact (n: int): int =
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failwith "TODO"
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(** OCaml-i if on avaldis, millel on väärtus, mitte lause: if a then b else c.
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Java-s jms. on selle analoog ternary operaator: a ? b : c. *)
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(** Arvutab faktoriaali.
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Kasutada match-i. *)
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let rec fact' (n: int): int =
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failwith "TODO"
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(** Mitme argumendiga funktsioonid. *)
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(** Arvutab suurima ühisteguri.
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Vt. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euclidean_algorithm#Implementations.
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Vihje: Jäägi operaator (mitte funktsioon) on mod. *)
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let rec gcd (x: int) (y: int): int =
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failwith "TODO"
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(** Arvutab implikatsiooni.
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Kasutada mitme argumendiga match-i. *)
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let implies (x: bool) (y: bool): bool =
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failwith "TODO"
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(** Ülesanded. *)
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(** Suurendab täisarvu kolme võrra.
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Kasutada funktsiooni inc kolm korda järjest. *)
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let inc3 (x: int): int =
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failwith "TODO"
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(** Arvutab kolmnurkarvu.
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Vt. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triangular_number.
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Kasutada rekursiooni, mitte valemit. *)
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let rec triangular (n: int): int =
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failwith "TODO"
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(** Arvutab x astmes y.
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Võib eeldada, et y pole negatiivne.
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Kasutada rekursiooni, mitte ** operaatorit. *)
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let rec pow (x: int) (y: int): int =
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failwith "TODO"
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(** Näide:
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Kas täht on täishäälik (inglise keeles)? *)
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let is_vowel (c: char): bool =
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c = 'a' || c = 'e' || c = 'i' || c = 'o' || c = 'u'
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(** Kas täht on täishäälik (inglise keeles)?
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Kasutada match-i. *)
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let is_vowel' (c: char): bool =
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failwith "TODO"
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(** Arvutab välistava või (xor).
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Kasutada mitme argumendiga match-i. *)
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let xor (x: bool) (y: bool): bool =
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failwith "TODO"

‎src/crashcourse/collections.ml‎

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open Types
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(** Listid. *)
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(** Näited. *)
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(** Teisendab puu elementide listiks (keskjärjestuses).
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Vihje: Listide konkateneerimise operaator on @. *)
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let rec list_of_tree (t: 'a tree): 'a list =
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failwith "TODO"
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(** Suurendab täisarvude listi elemente ühe võrra. *)
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let list_inc (xs: int list): int list =
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failwith "TODO"
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(** Jätab täisarvude listist alles elemendid, mis on vähemalt 4. *)
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let list_big (xs: int list): int list =
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failwith "TODO"
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(** Liidab kokku täisarvude listi elemendid. *)
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let list_sum (xs: int list): int =
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failwith "TODO"
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(** Liidab kokku täisarvude listi elemendid.
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Imperatiivsem lahendus. *)
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let list_sum' (xs: int list): int =
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let acc = ref 0 in
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List.iter (fun x ->
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acc := !acc + x
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) xs;
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!acc
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(** Liidab kokku täisarvude listi elemendid.
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Rekursiivne funktsionaalne lahendus. *)
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let rec list_sum'' (xs: int list): int =
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match xs with
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| [] -> 0
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| x :: xs' -> x + list_sum'' xs'
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(** Ülesanded. *)
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(** Korrutab täisarvude listi elemendid kahega. *)
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let list_double (xs: int list): int list =
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failwith "TODO"
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(** Jätab täisarvude listist alles elemendid, mis on paaris. *)
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let list_even (xs: int list): int list =
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failwith "TODO"
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(** Korrutab kokku täisarvude listi elemendid. *)
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let list_product (xs: int list): int =
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failwith "TODO"
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(** Hulgad. *)
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(** Näited. *)
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(** Täisarvude hulkade moodul. *)
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module IntSet = Set.Make (Int)
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(** Teisendab täisarvude puu hulgaks.
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Vihje: IntSet.singleton.
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Vihje: IntSet.union. *)
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let rec intset_of_tree (t: int tree): IntSet.t =
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failwith "TODO"
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(** Puu elementide mooduli tüüp/signatuur. *)
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module type TreeElement =
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sig
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(** Abstraktne elemendi tüüp. *)
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type t
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(** Standardne võrdlusfunktsioon. *)
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val compare: t -> t -> int
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(** Teisendab elemendi sõneks. *)
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val show: t -> string
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end
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(** Puude moodul, mille argumendiks on elementide moodul.
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Parametriseeritud mooduleid nimetatakse funktoriteks. *)
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module Tree (Element: TreeElement) =
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struct
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type element = Element.t
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(** Elementide hulkade moodul. *)
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module Set = Set.Make (Element)
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(** Teisendab puu hulgaks. *)
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let rec to_set (t: element tree): Set.t =
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failwith "TODO"
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(** Teisendab puu sõneks.
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Vihje: Element.show. *)
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let rec show (t: element tree): string =
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failwith "TODO"
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end

‎src/crashcourse/dune‎

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(library
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(name crashcourse))

‎src/crashcourse/types.ml‎

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(** Enum tüübid. *)
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type color =
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| Red
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| Green
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| Blue
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(** Näide:
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Teisendab värvi sõneks, vastavalt "R", "G" ja "B".
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Kasutada match-i. *)
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let show_color (c: color): string =
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failwith "TODO"
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(** Ülesanne:
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Teisendab sõne värviks. show_color pöördfunktsioon.
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Kasutada match-i.
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Vihje: Mittesobiva juhu jaoks kasuta wildcard mustrit _.
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Vihje: Vea jaoks kasuta failwith funktsiooni. *)
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let parse_color (s: string): color =
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failwith "TODO"
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(** Algebralised andmetüübid. *)
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(** Polümorfne kahendpuu, mille elemendid on tüüpi 'a. *)
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type 'a tree =
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| Leaf of 'a (** Leht sisaldab ühte väärtust. *)
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| Branch of 'a tree * 'a tree (** Vahetipul on kaks alampuud, väärtust pole. *)
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(** Näide:
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.
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/ \
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1 .
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/ \
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. 5
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/ \
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. 4
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/ \
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2 3 *)
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let example_int_tree = Leaf 1
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(** Ülesanne:
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.
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/ \
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. .
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/ \ / \
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'a' 'b' 'b' 'a' *)
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let example_char_tree = Leaf 'a'
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(** Näited. *)
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(** Arvutab puu kõrguse. Lehe kõrgus on 0.
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Vihje: Kasuta max funktsiooni. *)
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let rec height (t: 'a tree): int =
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failwith "TODO"
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(** Teisendab puu sõneks. Vt teste.
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Vihje: Sõnede konkateneerimise operaator on ^. *)
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let rec show_tree (show_leaf: 'a -> string) (t: 'a tree): string =
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failwith "TODO"
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(** Rakendab funktsooni puu lehtedele. *)
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let rec tree_map (f: 'a -> 'b) (t: 'a tree): 'b tree =
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failwith "TODO"
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(** Ülesanded. *)
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(** Arvutab lehtede arvu. *)
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let rec leaves (t: 'a tree): int =
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failwith "TODO"
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(** Peegeldab puu, st. vahetab harud. *)
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let rec tree_mirror (t: 'a tree): 'a tree =
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failwith "TODO"
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(** Leiab puu vasakpoolseima lehe väärtuse. *)
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let rec tree_left (t: 'a tree): 'a =
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failwith "TODO"

‎test/crashcourse/basics_test.ml‎

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open OUnit2
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open Crashcourse.Basics
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let test_inc _ =
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let assert_equal = assert_equal ~printer:string_of_int in
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assert_equal 5 (inc 4);
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assert_equal 1 (inc 0)
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let test_inc' _ =
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let assert_equal = assert_equal ~printer:string_of_int in
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assert_equal 5 (inc' 4);
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assert_equal 1 (inc' 0)
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let test_fact _ =
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let assert_equal = assert_equal ~printer:string_of_int in
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assert_equal 1 (fact 0);
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assert_equal 1 (fact 1);
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assert_equal 2 (fact 2);
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assert_equal 6 (fact 3);
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assert_equal 24 (fact 4);
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assert_equal 120 (fact 5)
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let test_fact' _ =
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let assert_equal = assert_equal ~printer:string_of_int in
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assert_equal 1 (fact' 0);
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assert_equal 1 (fact' 1);
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assert_equal 2 (fact' 2);
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assert_equal 6 (fact' 3);
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assert_equal 24 (fact' 4);
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assert_equal 120 (fact' 5)
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let test_gcd _ =
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let assert_equal = assert_equal ~printer:string_of_int in
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assert_equal 1 (gcd 3 5);
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assert_equal 3 (gcd 3 9);
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assert_equal 3 (gcd 9 6);
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assert_equal 6 (gcd 12 18)
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let test_implies _ =
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let assert_equal = assert_equal ~printer:string_of_bool in
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assert_equal true (implies false false);
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assert_equal true (implies false true);
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assert_equal false (implies true false);
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assert_equal true (implies true true)
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let test_inc3 _ =
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let assert_equal = assert_equal ~printer:string_of_int in
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assert_equal 7 (inc3 4);
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assert_equal 3 (inc3 0)
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let test_triangular _ =
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let assert_equal = assert_equal ~printer:string_of_int in
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assert_equal 0 (triangular 0);
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assert_equal 1 (triangular 1);
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assert_equal 3 (triangular 2);
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assert_equal 6 (triangular 3);
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assert_equal 10 (triangular 4)
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let test_pow _ =
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let assert_equal = assert_equal ~printer:string_of_int in
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assert_equal 1 (pow 2 0);
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assert_equal 2 (pow 2 1);
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assert_equal 4 (pow 2 2);
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assert_equal 8 (pow 2 3);
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assert_equal 16 (pow 2 4);
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assert_equal 9 (pow 3 2)
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let test_is_vowel _ =
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let assert_equal = assert_equal ~printer:string_of_bool in
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assert_equal true (is_vowel 'a');
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assert_equal true (is_vowel 'e');
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assert_equal true (is_vowel 'i');
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assert_equal true (is_vowel 'o');
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assert_equal true (is_vowel 'u');
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assert_equal false (is_vowel 'x');
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assert_equal false (is_vowel 'm');
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assert_equal false (is_vowel 'b')
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let test_is_vowel' _ =
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let assert_equal = assert_equal ~printer:string_of_bool in
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assert_equal true (is_vowel' 'a');
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assert_equal true (is_vowel' 'e');
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assert_equal true (is_vowel' 'i');
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assert_equal true (is_vowel' 'o');
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assert_equal true (is_vowel' 'u');
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assert_equal false (is_vowel' 'x');
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assert_equal false (is_vowel' 'm');
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assert_equal false (is_vowel' 'b')
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let test_xor _ =
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let assert_equal = assert_equal ~printer:string_of_bool in
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assert_equal false (xor false false);
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assert_equal true (xor false true);
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assert_equal true (xor true false);
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assert_equal false (xor true true)
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let tests =
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"basics" >::: [
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"examples" >::: [
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"inc" >:: test_inc;
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"inc'" >:: test_inc';
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"fact" >:: test_fact;
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"fact'" >:: test_fact';
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"gcd" >:: test_gcd;
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"implies" >:: test_implies;
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];
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"problems" >::: [
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"inc3" >:: test_inc3;
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"triangular" >:: test_triangular;
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"pow" >:: test_pow;
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"is_vowel" >:: test_is_vowel;
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"is_vowel'" >:: test_is_vowel';
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"xor" >:: test_xor;
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];
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]

‎test/crashcourse/basics_test.mli‎

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val tests: OUnit2.test

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