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DoS Vulnerability due to unlimited growth of output buffers abused by unauthenticated client

High
madolson published GHSA-24vm-hv6g-2mj5 Apr 28, 2025

Package

Valkey

Affected versions

>= 7.2

Patched versions

7.2.9, 8.0.3, 8.1.1

Description

Summary

An unauthenticated client can cause unlimited growth of output buffers, until the server runs out of memory or is killed.

Patches

By default, Valkey configuration does not limit the output buffer of normal clients (see client-output-buffer-limit). Therefore, the output buffer can grow unlimitedly over time. As a result, the service is exhausted and the memory is unavailable.

When password authentication is enabled on the Redis server, but no password is provided, the client can still cause the output buffer to grow from "NOAUTH" responses until the system will run out of memory.

The problem exists in all versions of Valkey.

Workarounds

A workaround to mitigate this problem without patching the valkey executable is to block access to limit the output buffer limit, with client-output-buffer-limit normal <hard limit> <soft limit> <soft seconds>.

Credit

The problem was reported by Tiezhen Zhang([email protected]) and Hanyang Jin([email protected]).

Severity

High

CVSS overall score

This score calculates overall vulnerability severity from 0 to 10 and is based on the Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS).
/ 10

CVSS v3 base metrics

Attack vector
Network
Attack complexity
Low
Privileges required
None
User interaction
None
Scope
Unchanged
Confidentiality
None
Integrity
None
Availability
High

CVSS v3 base metrics

Attack vector: More severe the more the remote (logically and physically) an attacker can be in order to exploit the vulnerability.
Attack complexity: More severe for the least complex attacks.
Privileges required: More severe if no privileges are required.
User interaction: More severe when no user interaction is required.
Scope: More severe when a scope change occurs, e.g. one vulnerable component impacts resources in components beyond its security scope.
Confidentiality: More severe when loss of data confidentiality is highest, measuring the level of data access available to an unauthorized user.
Integrity: More severe when loss of data integrity is the highest, measuring the consequence of data modification possible by an unauthorized user.
Availability: More severe when the loss of impacted component availability is highest.
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H

CVE ID

CVE-2025-21605

Weaknesses