"Cannot find name 'T'", when using generics and defineModel with name in backticks

[DerZade]

Vue - Official extension or vue-tsc version

2.2.0

VSCode version

1.96.2

Vue version

3.5.13

TypeScript version

5.6.3

System Info

System:
    OS: Linux 6.12 Fedora Linux 41 (Workstation Edition)
    CPU: (16) x64 AMD Ryzen 7 7840U w/ Radeon  780M Graphics
    Memory: 54.59 GB / 60.62 GB
    Container: Yes
    Shell: 5.2.32 - /bin/bash
  Binaries:
    Node: 20.18.1 - ~/.nvm/versions/node/v20.18.1/bin/node
    Yarn: 1.22.22 - /usr/local/bin/yarn
    npm: 10.8.2 - ~/.nvm/versions/node/v20.18.1/bin/npm
    bun: 1.1.42 - ~/.bun/bin/bun
  Browsers:
    Chrome: 131.0.6778.264

package.json dependencies

{
  "dependencies": {
    "vue": "^3.5.13"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@tsconfig/node22": "^22.0.0",
    "@types/node": "^22.10.2",
    "@vitejs/plugin-vue": "^5.2.1",
    "@vue/tsconfig": "^0.7.0",
    "npm-run-all2": "^7.0.2",
    "typescript": "~5.6.3",
    "vite": "^6.0.5",
    "vite-plugin-vue-devtools": "^7.6.8",
    "vue-tsc": "^2.1.10"
  }
}

Steps to reproduce

1. npm create vue@latest
2. Create a component with generic and a defineModel which references that generic and has a name (in backticks).

   <template>
       <div></div>
   </template>
   
   <script setup lang="ts" generic="T">
   const model = defineModel<T>(`model`);
   </script>

3. Run type check npm run type-check

What is expected?

The type check should return successfully.

What is actually happening?

vue-tsc returns type errors:

> define-model-generics@0.0.0 type-check
> vue-tsc --build

src/components/TestWithNamedModel.vue:5:34 - error TS2304: Cannot find name 'T'.

5 <script setup lang="ts" generic="T">
                                   ~

src/components/TestWithNamedModel.vue:6:27 - error TS2304: Cannot find name 'T'.

6 const model = defineModel<T>(`model`);
                            ~


Found 2 errors.

Link to minimal reproduction

https://github.com/DerZade/vue-tsc-define-model-generics-bug

Any additional comments?

The example repo includes four components, of which three work and one has errors:

Script setup	Pass?
defineProps<{ foo: T }>();	✔️
const model = defineModel<T>();	✔️
const model = defineModel<T>('model');	✔️
const model = defineModel<T>(`model`);	❌

[KazariEX]

We do not handle back quotes by default because:

1. The support for template strings is quite complex
2. Since it is in the macro, using template strings is meaningless
3. This code will also cause errors during runtime, see the js output on the playground