DrawableRuleset.cs

// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.

#nullable disable

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading;
using JetBrains.Annotations;
using osu.Framework.Allocation;
using osu.Framework.Audio;
using osu.Framework.Bindables;
using osu.Framework.Graphics;
using osu.Framework.Graphics.Containers;
using osu.Framework.Graphics.Cursor;
using osu.Framework.Input;
using osu.Framework.Input.Events;
using osu.Game.Beatmaps;
using osu.Game.Configuration;
using osu.Game.Graphics.Cursor;
using osu.Game.Input.Handlers;
using osu.Game.Overlays;
using osu.Game.Replays;
using osu.Game.Rulesets.Configuration;
using osu.Game.Rulesets.Judgements;
using osu.Game.Rulesets.Mods;
using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects;
using osu.Game.Rulesets.Objects.Drawables;
using osu.Game.Rulesets.Scoring;
using osu.Game.Scoring;
using osu.Game.Screens.Play;
using osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD;
using osu.Game.Screens.Play.HUD.ClicksPerSecond;
using osuTK;

namespace osu.Game.Rulesets.UI
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Displays an interactive ruleset gameplay instance.
    /// </summary>
    /// <typeparam name="TObject">The type of HitObject contained by this DrawableRuleset.</typeparam>
    public abstract partial class DrawableRuleset<TObject> : DrawableRuleset, IProvideCursor, ICanAttachHUDPieces
        where TObject : HitObject
    {
        public override event Action<JudgementResult> NewResult;
        public override event Action<JudgementResult> RevertResult;

        /// <summary>
        /// The selected variant.
        /// </summary>
        public virtual int Variant => 0;

        /// <summary>
        /// The key conversion input manager for this DrawableRuleset.
        /// </summary>
        protected PassThroughInputManager KeyBindingInputManager { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// This configuration for this DrawableRuleset.
        /// </summary>
        protected IRulesetConfigManager Config { get; private set; }

        public override double GameplayStartTime => Objects.FirstOrDefault()?.StartTime - 2000 ?? 0;

        private readonly Lazy<Playfield> playfield;

        /// <summary>
        /// The playfield.
        /// </summary>
        public override Playfield Playfield => playfield.Value;

        public override PlayfieldAdjustmentContainer PlayfieldAdjustmentContainer => playfieldAdjustmentContainer;

        public override Container Overlays { get; } = new Container { RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both };

        public override IAdjustableAudioComponent Audio => audioContainer;

        private readonly AudioContainer audioContainer = new AudioContainer { RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both };

        public override Container FrameStableComponents { get; } = new Container { RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both };

        public override IFrameStableClock FrameStableClock => frameStabilityContainer;

        public override IEnumerable<HitObject> Objects => Beatmap.HitObjects;

        /// <summary>
        /// The beatmap.
        /// </summary>
        [Cached(typeof(IBeatmap))]
        public readonly Beatmap<TObject> Beatmap;

        [Cached(typeof(IReadOnlyList<Mod>))]
        public sealed override IReadOnlyList<Mod> Mods { get; }

        [Resolved(CanBeNull = true)]
        private OnScreenDisplay onScreenDisplay { get; set; }

        private readonly PlayfieldAdjustmentContainer playfieldAdjustmentContainer;

        private IDisposable configTracker;
        private FrameStabilityContainer frameStabilityContainer;
        private DrawableRulesetDependencies dependencies;

        private bool frameStablePlayback = true;

        internal override bool FrameStablePlayback
        {
            get => frameStablePlayback;
            set
            {
                frameStablePlayback = value;
                frameStabilityContainer?.FrameStablePlayback = value;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Creates a ruleset visualisation for the provided ruleset and beatmap.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="ruleset">The ruleset being represented.</param>
        /// <param name="beatmap">The beatmap to create the hit renderer for.</param>
        /// <param name="mods">The <see cref="Mod"/>s to apply.</param>
        protected DrawableRuleset(Ruleset ruleset, IBeatmap beatmap, IReadOnlyList<Mod> mods = null)
            : base(ruleset)
        {
            ArgumentNullException.ThrowIfNull(beatmap);

            if (!(beatmap is Beatmap<TObject> tBeatmap))
                throw new ArgumentException($"{GetType()} expected the beatmap to contain hitobjects of type {typeof(TObject)}.", nameof(beatmap));

            Beatmap = tBeatmap;
            Mods = mods?.ToArray() ?? [];

            RelativeSizeAxes = Axes.Both;

            KeyBindingInputManager = CreateInputManager();
            playfieldAdjustmentContainer = CreatePlayfieldAdjustmentContainer();
            playfield = new Lazy<Playfield>(() => CreatePlayfield().With(p =>
            {
                p.NewResult += (_, r) => NewResult?.Invoke(r);
                p.RevertResult += r => RevertResult?.Invoke(r);
            }));
        }

        protected override void LoadComplete()
        {
            base.LoadComplete();

            if (Config != null)
                configTracker = onScreenDisplay?.BeginTracking(this, Config);

            IsPaused.ValueChanged += paused =>
            {
                if (HasReplayLoaded.Value)
                    return;

                KeyBindingInputManager.UseParentInput = !paused.NewValue;
            };
        }

        protected override IReadOnlyDependencyContainer CreateChildDependencies(IReadOnlyDependencyContainer parent)
        {
            dependencies = new DrawableRulesetDependencies(Ruleset, base.CreateChildDependencies(parent));
            Config = dependencies.RulesetConfigManager;
            return dependencies;
        }

        public virtual PlayfieldAdjustmentContainer CreatePlayfieldAdjustmentContainer() => new PlayfieldAdjustmentContainer();

        [Resolved]
        private OsuConfigManager config { get; set; }

        [BackgroundDependencyLoader]
        private void load(CancellationToken? cancellationToken)
        {
            InternalChild = frameStabilityContainer = new FrameStabilityContainer(GameplayStartTime)
            {
                FrameStablePlayback = FrameStablePlayback,
                Children = new Drawable[]
                {
                    FrameStableComponents,
                    audioContainer.WithChild(KeyBindingInputManager
                        .WithChildren(new Drawable[]
                        {
                            playfieldAdjustmentContainer.WithChild(Playfield),
                            Overlays
                        })),
                }
            };

            if ((ResumeOverlay = CreateResumeOverlay()) != null)
            {
                AddInternal(CreateInputManager()
                    .WithChild(CreatePlayfieldAdjustmentContainer()
                        .WithChild(ResumeOverlay)));
            }

            applyRulesetMods(Mods, config);

            loadObjects(cancellationToken ?? CancellationToken.None);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Creates and adds drawable representations of hit objects to the play field.
        /// </summary>
        private void loadObjects(CancellationToken cancellationToken)
        {
            foreach (TObject h in Beatmap.HitObjects)
            {
                cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
                AddHitObject(h);
            }

            cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();

            Playfield.PostProcess();

            foreach (var mod in Mods.OfType<IApplicableToDrawableHitObject>())
            {
                foreach (var drawableHitObject in Playfield.AllHitObjects)
                    mod.ApplyToDrawableHitObject(drawableHitObject);
            }
        }

        public override void RequestResume(Action continueResume)
        {
            if (ResumeOverlay != null && UseResumeOverlay)
            {
                ResumeOverlay.GameplayCursor = Cursor;
                ResumeOverlay.ResumeAction = continueResume;
                ResumeOverlay.Show();
            }
            else
                continueResume();
        }

        public override void CancelResume()
        {
            // called if the user pauses while the resume overlay is open
            ResumeOverlay?.Hide();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Adds a <see cref="HitObject"/> to this <see cref="DrawableRuleset"/>.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This does not add the <see cref="HitObject"/> to the beatmap.
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="hitObject">The <see cref="HitObject"/> to add.</param>
        public void AddHitObject(TObject hitObject)
        {
            var drawableRepresentation = CreateDrawableRepresentation(hitObject);

            // If a drawable representation exists, use it, otherwise assume the hitobject is being pooled.
            if (drawableRepresentation != null)
                Playfield.Add(drawableRepresentation);
            else
                Playfield.Add(hitObject);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Removes a <see cref="HitObject"/> from this <see cref="DrawableRuleset"/>.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// This does not remove the <see cref="HitObject"/> from the beatmap.
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="hitObject">The <see cref="HitObject"/> to remove.</param>
        public bool RemoveHitObject(TObject hitObject)
        {
            if (Playfield.Remove(hitObject))
                return true;

            // If the entry was not removed from the playfield, assume the hitobject is not being pooled and attempt a direct drawable removal.
            var drawableObject = Playfield.AllHitObjects.FirstOrDefault(d => d.HitObject == hitObject);
            if (drawableObject != null)
                return Playfield.Remove(drawableObject);

            return false;
        }

        public sealed override void SetRecordTarget(Score score)
        {
            if (!(KeyBindingInputManager is IHasRecordingHandler recordingInputManager))
                throw new InvalidOperationException($"A {nameof(KeyBindingInputManager)} which supports recording is not available");

            if (score == null)
            {
                NewResult -= emitImportantFrame;
                recordingInputManager.Recorder = null;
                return;
            }

            var recorder = CreateReplayRecorder(score);

            if (recorder == null)
                return;

            recorder.ScreenSpaceToGamefield = Playfield.ScreenSpaceToGamefield;

            NewResult += emitImportantFrame;
            recordingInputManager.Recorder = recorder;

            void emitImportantFrame(JudgementResult judgementResult) => recordingInputManager.Recorder?.RecordFrame(true);
        }

        public override void SetReplayScore(Score replayScore)
        {
            if (!(KeyBindingInputManager is IHasReplayHandler replayInputManager))
                throw new InvalidOperationException($"A {nameof(KeyBindingInputManager)} which supports replay loading is not available");

            var handler = (ReplayScore = replayScore) != null ? CreateReplayInputHandler(replayScore.Replay) : null;

            replayInputManager.ReplayInputHandler = handler;
            frameStabilityContainer.ReplayInputHandler = handler;

            HasReplayLoaded.Value = replayInputManager.ReplayInputHandler != null;

            replayInputManager.ReplayInputHandler?.GamefieldToScreenSpace = Playfield.GamefieldToScreenSpace;

            if (!ProvidingUserCursor)
            {
                // The cursor is hidden by default (see Playfield.load()), but should be shown when there's a replay
                Playfield.Cursor?.Show();
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Creates a <see cref="DrawableHitObject{TObject}"/> to represent a <see cref="HitObject"/>.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// If this method returns <c>null</c>, then this <see cref="DrawableRuleset"/> will assume the requested <see cref="HitObject"/> type is being pooled inside the <see cref="Playfield"/>,
        /// and will instead attempt to retrieve the <see cref="DrawableHitObject"/>s at the point they should become alive via pools registered in the <see cref="Playfield"/>.
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="h">The <see cref="HitObject"/> to represent.</param>
        /// <returns>The representing <see cref="DrawableHitObject{TObject}"/>.</returns>
        public abstract DrawableHitObject<TObject> CreateDrawableRepresentation(TObject h);

        public void Attach(InputCountController inputCountController) =>
            (KeyBindingInputManager as ICanAttachHUDPieces)?.Attach(inputCountController);

        public void Attach(ClicksPerSecondController controller) =>
            (KeyBindingInputManager as ICanAttachHUDPieces)?.Attach(controller);

        /// <summary>
        /// Creates a key conversion input manager. An exception will be thrown if a valid <see cref="RulesetInputManager{T}"/> is not returned.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>The input manager.</returns>
        protected abstract PassThroughInputManager CreateInputManager();

        protected virtual ReplayInputHandler CreateReplayInputHandler(Replay replay) => null;

        protected virtual ReplayRecorder CreateReplayRecorder(Score score) => null;

        /// <summary>
        /// Creates a Playfield.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>The Playfield.</returns>
        protected abstract Playfield CreatePlayfield();

        /// <summary>
        /// Applies the active mods to this DrawableRuleset.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="mods">The <see cref="Mod"/>s to apply.</param>
        /// <param name="config">The <see cref="OsuConfigManager"/> to apply.</param>
        private void applyRulesetMods(IReadOnlyList<Mod> mods, OsuConfigManager config)
        {
            if (mods == null)
                return;

            foreach (var mod in mods.OfType<IApplicableToDrawableRuleset<TObject>>())
                mod.ApplyToDrawableRuleset(this);

            foreach (var mod in mods.OfType<IReadFromConfig>())
                mod.ReadFromConfig(config);
        }

        #region IProvideCursor

        protected override bool OnHover(HoverEvent e) => true; // required for IProvideCursor

        // only show the cursor when within the playfield, by default.
        public override bool ReceivePositionalInputAt(Vector2 screenSpacePos) => Playfield.ReceivePositionalInputAt(screenSpacePos);

        CursorContainer IProvideCursor.Cursor => Playfield.Cursor;

        public override GameplayCursorContainer Cursor => Playfield.Cursor;

        public bool ProvidingUserCursor => Playfield.Cursor != null && !HasReplayLoaded.Value;

        #endregion

        protected override void Dispose(bool isDisposing)
        {
            base.Dispose(isDisposing);

            configTracker?.Dispose();

            // Dispose the components created by this dependency container.
            dependencies?.Dispose();
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Displays an interactive ruleset gameplay instance.
    /// <remarks>
    /// This type is required only for adding non-generic type to the draw hierarchy.
    /// </remarks>
    /// </summary>
    [Cached(typeof(DrawableRuleset))]
    public abstract partial class DrawableRuleset : CompositeDrawable
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Invoked when a <see cref="JudgementResult"/> has been applied by a <see cref="DrawableHitObject"/>.
        /// </summary>
        public abstract event Action<JudgementResult> NewResult;

        /// <summary>
        /// Invoked when a <see cref="JudgementResult"/> is being reverted by a <see cref="DrawableHitObject"/>.
        /// </summary>
        public abstract event Action<JudgementResult> RevertResult;

        /// <summary>
        /// Whether a replay is currently loaded.
        /// </summary>
        public readonly BindableBool HasReplayLoaded = new BindableBool();

        /// <summary>
        /// Whether the game is paused. Used to block user input.
        /// </summary>
        public readonly BindableBool IsPaused = new BindableBool();

        /// <summary>
        /// Audio adjustments which are applied to the playfield.
        /// </summary>
        public abstract IAdjustableAudioComponent Audio { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// The playfield.
        /// </summary>
        public abstract Playfield Playfield { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// A container which encapsulates the <see cref="Playfield"/> and provides any adjustments to
        /// ensure correct scale and position.
        /// </summary>
        public abstract PlayfieldAdjustmentContainer PlayfieldAdjustmentContainer { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Content to be placed above hitobjects. Will be affected by frame stability and adjustments applied to <see cref="Audio"/>.
        /// </summary>
        public abstract Container Overlays { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Components to be run potentially multiple times in line with frame-stable gameplay.
        /// </summary>
        public abstract Container FrameStableComponents { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// The frame-stable clock which is being used for playfield display.
        /// </summary>
        public abstract IFrameStableClock FrameStableClock { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Whether to enable frame-stable playback.
        /// </summary>
        internal abstract bool FrameStablePlayback { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// The mods which are to be applied.
        /// </summary>
        public abstract IReadOnlyList<Mod> Mods { get; }

        /// <summary>~
        /// The associated ruleset.
        /// </summary>
        public readonly Ruleset Ruleset;

        /// <summary>
        /// Creates a ruleset visualisation for the provided ruleset.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="ruleset">The ruleset.</param>
        internal DrawableRuleset(Ruleset ruleset)
        {
            Ruleset = ruleset;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// All the converted hit objects contained by this hit renderer.
        /// </summary>
        public abstract IEnumerable<HitObject> Objects { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// The point in time at which gameplay starts, including any required lead-in for display purposes.
        /// Defaults to two seconds before the first <see cref="HitObject"/>. Override as necessary.
        /// </summary>
        public abstract double GameplayStartTime { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// The currently loaded replay. Usually null in the case of a local player.
        /// </summary>
        public Score ReplayScore { get; protected set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// The cursor being displayed by the <see cref="Playfield"/>. May be null if no cursor is provided.
        /// </summary>
        [CanBeNull]
        public abstract GameplayCursorContainer Cursor { get; }

        /// <summary>
        /// An optional overlay used when resuming gameplay from a paused state.
        /// </summary>
        public ResumeOverlay ResumeOverlay { get; protected set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// Whether a <see cref="ResumeOverlay"/> should be displayed on resuming after a pause.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// Defaults to <c>true</c>.
        /// Even if <c>true</c>, will not have any effect if the ruleset does not have a resume overlay (see <see cref="CreateResumeOverlay"/>).
        /// </remarks>
        public bool UseResumeOverlay { get; set; } = true;

        /// <summary>
        /// Returns first available <see cref="HitWindows"/> provided by a <see cref="HitObject"/>.
        /// </summary>
        [CanBeNull]
        public HitWindows FirstAvailableHitWindows
        {
            get
            {
                foreach (var hitObject in Objects)
                {
                    if (hitObject.HitWindows.WindowFor(HitResult.Miss) > 0)
                        return hitObject.HitWindows;

                    foreach (var nested in hitObject.NestedHitObjects)
                    {
                        if (nested.HitWindows.WindowFor(HitResult.Miss) > 0)
                            return nested.HitWindows;
                    }
                }

                return null;
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Create an optional resume overlay, which is displayed when a player requests to resume gameplay during non-break time.
        /// This can be used to force the player to return their hands / cursor to the position they left off, to avoid players
        /// using pauses as a means of adjusting their inputs (aka "pause buffering").
        /// </summary>
        protected virtual ResumeOverlay CreateResumeOverlay() => null;

        /// <summary>
        /// Whether to display gameplay overlays, such as <see cref="HUDOverlay"/> and <see cref="BreakOverlay"/>.
        /// </summary>
        public virtual bool AllowGameplayOverlays => true;

        /// <summary>
        /// On mobile devices, this specifies whether this ruleset requires the device to be in portrait orientation.
        /// </summary>
        public virtual bool RequiresPortraitOrientation => false;

        /// <summary>
        /// Sets a replay to be used, overriding local input.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="replayScore">The replay, null for local input.</param>
        public abstract void SetReplayScore(Score replayScore);

        /// <summary>
        /// Sets a replay to be used to record gameplay.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="score">The target to be recorded to.</param>
        public abstract void SetRecordTarget([CanBeNull] Score score);

        /// <summary>
        /// Invoked when the interactive user requests resuming from a paused state.
        /// Allows potentially delaying the resume process until an interaction is performed.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="continueResume">The action to run when resuming is to be completed.</param>
        public abstract void RequestResume(Action continueResume);

        /// <summary>
        /// Invoked when the user requests to pause while the resume overlay is active.
        /// </summary>
        public abstract void CancelResume();
    }

    public class BeatmapInvalidForRulesetException : ArgumentException
    {
        public BeatmapInvalidForRulesetException(string text)
            : base(text)
        {
        }
    }
}