WindowsAssociationManager.cs

// Copyright (c) ppy Pty Ltd <contact@ppy.sh>. Licensed under the MIT Licence.
// See the LICENCE file in the repository root for full licence text.

using System;
using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Runtime.Versioning;
using Microsoft.Win32;
using osu.Framework.Localisation;
using osu.Framework.Logging;
using osu.Game.Localisation;

namespace osu.Desktop.Windows
{
    [SupportedOSPlatform("windows")]
    public static class WindowsAssociationManager
    {
        private const string software_classes = @"Software\Classes";
        private const string software_registered_applications = @"Software\RegisteredApplications";

        /// <summary>
        /// Sub key for setting the icon.
        /// https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/com/defaulticon
        /// </summary>
        private const string default_icon = @"DefaultIcon";

        /// <summary>
        /// Sub key for setting the command line that the shell invokes.
        /// https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/com/shell
        /// </summary>
        internal const string SHELL_OPEN_COMMAND = @"Shell\Open\Command";

        private static readonly string exe_path = Path.Combine(AppContext.BaseDirectory, Path.ChangeExtension(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.FriendlyName, ".exe")).Replace('/', '\\');

        /// <summary>
        /// Program ID prefix used for file associations. Should be relatively short since the full program ID has a 39 character limit,
        /// see https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/com/-progid--key.
        /// </summary>
        private const string program_id_file_prefix = "osu.File";

        private const string program_id_protocol_prefix = "osu.Uri";

        private static readonly ApplicationCapability application_capability = new ApplicationCapability(@"osu", @"Software\ppy\osu\Capabilities", "osu!(lazer)");

        private static readonly FileAssociation[] file_associations =
        {
            new FileAssociation(@".osz", WindowsAssociationManagerStrings.OsuBeatmap, Icons.Beatmap),
            new FileAssociation(@".olz", WindowsAssociationManagerStrings.OsuBeatmap, Icons.Beatmap),
            new FileAssociation(@".osr", WindowsAssociationManagerStrings.OsuReplay, Icons.Beatmap),
            new FileAssociation(@".osk", WindowsAssociationManagerStrings.OsuSkin, Icons.Beatmap),
        };

        private static readonly UriAssociation[] uri_associations =
        {
            new UriAssociation(@"osu", WindowsAssociationManagerStrings.OsuProtocol, Icons.Lazer),
            new UriAssociation(@"osump", WindowsAssociationManagerStrings.OsuMultiplayer, Icons.Lazer),
        };

        /// <summary>
        /// Installs file and URI associations.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// Call <see cref="LocaliseDescriptions"/> in a timely fashion to keep descriptions up-to-date and localised.
        /// </remarks>
        public static void InstallAssociations()
        {
            try
            {
                updateAssociations();
                NotifyShellUpdate();
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Logger.Error(e, @$"Failed to install file and URI associations: {e.Message}");
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Updates associations with latest definitions.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        /// Call <see cref="LocaliseDescriptions"/> in a timely fashion to keep descriptions up-to-date and localised.
        /// </remarks>
        public static void UpdateAssociations()
        {
            try
            {
                updateAssociations();
                NotifyShellUpdate();
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Logger.Error(e, @"Failed to update file and URI associations.");
            }
        }

        // TODO: call this sometime.
        public static void LocaliseDescriptions(LocalisationManager localisationManager)
        {
            try
            {
                application_capability.LocaliseDescription(localisationManager);

                foreach (var association in file_associations)
                    association.LocaliseDescription(localisationManager);

                foreach (var association in uri_associations)
                    association.LocaliseDescription(localisationManager);

                NotifyShellUpdate();
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Logger.Error(e, @"Failed to update file and URI association descriptions.");
            }
        }

        public static void UninstallAssociations()
        {
            try
            {
                application_capability.Uninstall();

                foreach (var association in file_associations)
                    association.Uninstall();

                foreach (var association in uri_associations)
                    association.Uninstall();

                NotifyShellUpdate();
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                Logger.Error(e, @"Failed to uninstall file and URI associations.");
            }
        }

        public static void NotifyShellUpdate() => SHChangeNotify(EventId.SHCNE_ASSOCCHANGED, Flags.SHCNF_IDLIST, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero);

        /// <summary>
        /// Installs or updates associations.
        /// </summary>
        private static void updateAssociations()
        {
            application_capability.Install();

            foreach (var association in file_associations)
                association.Install();

            foreach (var association in uri_associations)
                association.Install();

            application_capability.RegisterFileAssociations(file_associations);
            application_capability.RegisterUriAssociations(uri_associations);
        }

        #region Native interop

        [DllImport("Shell32.dll")]
        private static extern void SHChangeNotify(EventId wEventId, Flags uFlags, IntPtr dwItem1, IntPtr dwItem2);

        [SuppressMessage("ReSharper", "InconsistentNaming")]
        private enum EventId
        {
            /// <summary>
            /// A file type association has changed. <see cref="Flags.SHCNF_IDLIST"/> must be specified in the uFlags parameter.
            /// dwItem1 and dwItem2 are not used and must be <see cref="IntPtr.Zero"/>. This event should also be sent for registered protocols.
            /// </summary>
            SHCNE_ASSOCCHANGED = 0x08000000
        }

        [SuppressMessage("ReSharper", "InconsistentNaming")]
        private enum Flags : uint
        {
            SHCNF_IDLIST = 0x0000
        }

        #endregion

        private class ApplicationCapability
        {
            private string uniqueName { get; }
            private string capabilityPath { get; }
            private LocalisableString description { get; }

            public ApplicationCapability(string uniqueName, string capabilityPath, LocalisableString description)
            {
                this.uniqueName = uniqueName;
                this.capabilityPath = capabilityPath;
                this.description = description;
            }

            /// <summary>
            /// Registers an application capability according to <see href="https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/shell/default-programs#registering-an-application-for-use-with-default-programs">
            /// Registering an Application for Use with Default Programs</see>.
            /// </summary>
            public void Install()
            {
                using (var capability = Registry.CurrentUser.CreateSubKey(capabilityPath))
                {
                    capability.SetValue(@"ApplicationDescription", description.ToString());
                }

                using (var registeredApplications = Registry.CurrentUser.OpenSubKey(software_registered_applications, true))
                    registeredApplications?.SetValue(uniqueName, capabilityPath);
            }

            public void RegisterFileAssociations(FileAssociation[] associations)
            {
                using var capability = Registry.CurrentUser.OpenSubKey(capabilityPath, true);
                if (capability == null) return;

                using var fileAssociations = capability.CreateSubKey(@"FileAssociations");

                foreach (var association in associations)
                    fileAssociations.SetValue(association.Extension, association.ProgramId);
            }

            public void RegisterUriAssociations(UriAssociation[] associations)
            {
                using var capability = Registry.CurrentUser.OpenSubKey(capabilityPath, true);
                if (capability == null) return;

                using var urlAssociations = capability.CreateSubKey(@"UrlAssociations");

                foreach (var association in associations)
                    urlAssociations.SetValue(association.Protocol, association.ProgramId);
            }

            public void LocaliseDescription(LocalisationManager localisationManager)
            {
                using (var capability = Registry.CurrentUser.OpenSubKey(capabilityPath, true))
                {
                    capability?.SetValue(@"ApplicationDescription", localisationManager.GetLocalisedString(description));
                }
            }

            public void Uninstall()
            {
                using (var registeredApplications = Registry.CurrentUser.OpenSubKey(software_registered_applications, true))
                    registeredApplications?.DeleteValue(uniqueName, throwOnMissingValue: false);

                Registry.CurrentUser.DeleteSubKeyTree(capabilityPath, throwOnMissingSubKey: false);
            }
        }

        private class FileAssociation
        {
            public string ProgramId => $@"{program_id_file_prefix}{Extension}";

            public string Extension { get; }
            private LocalisableString description { get; }
            private string iconPath { get; }

            public FileAssociation(string extension, LocalisableString description, string iconPath)
            {
                Extension = extension;
                this.description = description;
                this.iconPath = iconPath;
            }

            /// <summary>
            /// Installs a file extension association in accordance with https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/com/-progid--key
            /// </summary>
            public void Install()
            {
                using var classes = Registry.CurrentUser.OpenSubKey(software_classes, true);
                if (classes == null) return;

                // register a program id for the given extension
                using (var programKey = classes.CreateSubKey(ProgramId))
                {
                    programKey.SetValue(null, description.ToString());

                    using (var defaultIconKey = programKey.CreateSubKey(default_icon))
                        defaultIconKey.SetValue(null, iconPath);

                    using (var openCommandKey = programKey.CreateSubKey(SHELL_OPEN_COMMAND))
                        openCommandKey.SetValue(null, $@"""{exe_path}"" ""%1""");
                }

                using (var extensionKey = classes.CreateSubKey(Extension))
                {
                    // Clear out our existing default ProgramID. Default programs in Windows are handled internally by Explorer,
                    // so having it here is just confusing and may override user preferences.
                    if (extensionKey.GetValue(null) is string s && s == ProgramId)
                        extensionKey.SetValue(null, string.Empty);

                    // add to the open with dialog
                    // https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/shell/how-to-include-an-application-on-the-open-with-dialog-box
                    using (var openWithKey = extensionKey.CreateSubKey(@"OpenWithProgIds"))
                        openWithKey.SetValue(ProgramId, string.Empty);
                }
            }

            public void LocaliseDescription(LocalisationManager localisationManager)
            {
                using var classes = Registry.CurrentUser.OpenSubKey(software_classes, true);
                if (classes == null) return;

                using (var programKey = classes.OpenSubKey(ProgramId, true))
                    programKey?.SetValue(null, localisationManager.GetLocalisedString(description));
            }

            /// <summary>
            /// Uninstalls the file extension association in accordance with https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/shell/fa-file-types#deleting-registry-information-during-uninstallation
            /// </summary>
            public void Uninstall()
            {
                using var classes = Registry.CurrentUser.OpenSubKey(software_classes, true);
                if (classes == null) return;

                using (var extensionKey = classes.OpenSubKey(Extension, true))
                {
                    using (var openWithKey = extensionKey?.CreateSubKey(@"OpenWithProgIds"))
                        openWithKey?.DeleteValue(ProgramId, throwOnMissingValue: false);
                }

                classes.DeleteSubKeyTree(ProgramId, throwOnMissingSubKey: false);
            }
        }

        private class UriAssociation
        {
            /// <summary>
            /// "The <c>URL Protocol</c> string value indicates that this key declares a custom pluggable protocol handler."
            /// See https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/internet-explorer/ie-developer/platform-apis/aa767914(v=vs.85).
            /// </summary>
            private const string url_protocol = @"URL Protocol";

            public string Protocol { get; }
            private LocalisableString description { get; }
            private string iconPath { get; }

            public UriAssociation(string protocol, LocalisableString description, string iconPath)
            {
                Protocol = protocol;
                this.description = description;
                this.iconPath = iconPath;
            }

            public string ProgramId => $@"{program_id_protocol_prefix}.{Protocol}";

            /// <summary>
            /// Registers an URI protocol handler in accordance with https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/windows/internet-explorer/ie-developer/platform-apis/aa767914(v=vs.85).
            /// </summary>
            public void Install()
            {
                using var classes = Registry.CurrentUser.OpenSubKey(software_classes, true);
                if (classes == null) return;

                using (var protocolKey = classes.CreateSubKey(Protocol))
                {
                    protocolKey.SetValue(null, $@"URL:{description}");
                    protocolKey.SetValue(url_protocol, string.Empty);

                    // clear out old data
                    protocolKey.DeleteSubKeyTree(default_icon, throwOnMissingSubKey: false);
                    protocolKey.DeleteSubKeyTree(@"Shell", throwOnMissingSubKey: false);
                }

                // register a program id for the given protocol
                using (var programKey = classes.CreateSubKey(ProgramId))
                {
                    using (var defaultIconKey = programKey.CreateSubKey(default_icon))
                        defaultIconKey.SetValue(null, iconPath);

                    using (var openCommandKey = programKey.CreateSubKey(SHELL_OPEN_COMMAND))
                        openCommandKey.SetValue(null, $@"""{exe_path}"" ""%1""");
                }
            }

            public void LocaliseDescription(LocalisationManager localisationManager)
            {
                using var classes = Registry.CurrentUser.OpenSubKey(software_classes, true);
                if (classes == null) return;

                using (var protocolKey = classes.OpenSubKey(Protocol, true))
                    protocolKey?.SetValue(null, $@"URL:{localisationManager.GetLocalisedString(description)}");
            }

            public void Uninstall()
            {
                using var classes = Registry.CurrentUser.OpenSubKey(software_classes, true);
                classes?.DeleteSubKeyTree(ProgramId, throwOnMissingSubKey: false);
            }
        }
    }
}