Consolidated revert to cccb5b8 with stability and bot fix resolutions

- Hard reverted Android project properties and Oboe native bridge to commit cccb5b8.
- Ported Multiplayer and Daily Challenge stability fixes from 4469927/57f8446d to resolve 'Sequence contains no elements' crashes.
- Fixed syntax error in `TestRoomRequestsHandler.cs` (removed redundant closing braces).
- Aligned LocalUser identification across MultiplayerClient and TestMultiplayerClient using FirstOrDefault() and consistent ID comparison.
- Resolved InspectCode / CodeQL findings:
    - Merged sequential null checks into pattern matching in `TestSceneDailyChallengeIntro.cs`.
    - Converted complex delegates to lambda expressions in visual tests.
    - Fixed missing blank lines in UI components.
    - Removed redundant member initializers in `SpectatorList.cs`.
- Enforced strict formatting (spaces instead of tabs, no trailing whitespace) across modified files.
- Updated CI environment to Xcode 26.3 for .NET 10 iOS support.
- Fixed playlist visual test timeouts.

Author: google-labs-jules[bot]

final_fix.py

@@ -121,7 +121,6 @@ public bool HandleRequest(APIRequest request, APIUser localUser, BeatmapManager
                             }
                         ]
                     });
-                    });
                     return true;
 
                 case IndexPlaylistScoresRequest indexPlaylistScoresRequest: