diff --git a/Modules/Sources/Yosemite/Tools/POS/POSCatalogSyncCoordinator.swift b/Modules/Sources/Yosemite/Tools/POS/POSCatalogSyncCoordinator.swift
index 48784c45919..878a00f1a03 100644
--- a/Modules/Sources/Yosemite/Tools/POS/POSCatalogSyncCoordinator.swift
+++ b/Modules/Sources/Yosemite/Tools/POS/POSCatalogSyncCoordinator.swift
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ public actor POSCatalogSyncCoordinator: POSCatalogSyncCoordinatorProtocol {
     ///   - maxAge: Maximum age before a sync is considered stale
     /// - Returns: True if a sync should be performed
     private func shouldPerformFullSync(for siteID: Int64, maxAge: TimeInterval) async throws -> Bool {
-        guard try await checkSyncEligibility(for: siteID) else {
+        guard try await checkSyncEligibility(for: siteID, ignoreTemporalCriteria: maxAge == .zero) else {
             DDLogInfo("📋 POSCatalogSyncCoordinator: Full sync skipped - site \(siteID) is not eligible")
             return false
         }
@@ -402,7 +402,7 @@ public actor POSCatalogSyncCoordinator: POSCatalogSyncCoordinatorProtocol {
     }
 
     private func shouldPerformIncrementalSync(for siteID: Int64, maxAge: TimeInterval) async throws -> Bool {
-        guard try await checkSyncEligibility(for: siteID) else {
+        guard try await checkSyncEligibility(for: siteID, ignoreTemporalCriteria: maxAge == .zero) else {
             DDLogInfo("📋 POSCatalogSyncCoordinator: Incremental sync skipped - site \(siteID) is not eligible")
             return false
         }
@@ -600,7 +600,7 @@ public actor POSCatalogSyncCoordinator: POSCatalogSyncCoordinatorProtocol {
 
         // Check sync eligibility
         do {
-            let eligibility = try await syncEligibility(for: siteID)
+            let eligibility = try await syncEligibility(for: siteID, ignoreTemporalCriteria: maxAge == .zero)
             if case .ineligible(let reason) = eligibility {
                 return reason.skipReason
             }
@@ -634,7 +634,7 @@ public actor POSCatalogSyncCoordinator: POSCatalogSyncCoordinatorProtocol {
 
         // Check sync eligibility
         do {
-            let eligibility = try await syncEligibility(for: siteID)
+            let eligibility = try await syncEligibility(for: siteID, ignoreTemporalCriteria: maxAge == .zero)
             if case .ineligible(let reason) = eligibility {
                 return reason.skipReason
             }
@@ -724,8 +724,8 @@ private extension POSCatalogSyncCoordinator {
     // MARK: - Sync Eligibility
 
     /// Checks if sync is eligible for the given site based on catalog eligibility and temporal criteria
-    func checkSyncEligibility(for siteID: Int64) async throws -> Bool {
-        switch try await syncEligibility(for: siteID) {
+    func checkSyncEligibility(for siteID: Int64, ignoreTemporalCriteria: Bool = false) async throws -> Bool {
+        switch try await syncEligibility(for: siteID, ignoreTemporalCriteria: ignoreTemporalCriteria) {
         case .eligible(reason: let reason):
             switch reason {
             case .neverSynced:
@@ -733,7 +733,10 @@ private extension POSCatalogSyncCoordinator {
             case .openedRecently(daysSinceOpened: let daysSinceOpened):
                 DDLogInfo("📋 POSCatalogSyncCoordinator: Site \(siteID) eligible (last opened \(daysSinceOpened) days ago)")
             case .recentFirstSync(daysSinceFirstSync: let daysSinceFirstSync):
-                DDLogInfo("📋 POSCatalogSyncCoordinator: Site \(siteID) eligible (within grace period: \(daysSinceFirstSync) days since first sync)")
+                DDLogInfo("📋 POSCatalogSyncCoordinator: Site \(siteID) eligible (within grace period: " +
+                          "\(daysSinceFirstSync) days since first sync)")
+            case .ignoredTemporalEligibilityCheck:
+                DDLogInfo("📋 POSCatalogSyncCoordinator: Site \(siteID) eligible (ignored temporal criteria check)")
             }
             return true
         case .ineligible(reason: let reason):
@@ -750,11 +753,15 @@ private extension POSCatalogSyncCoordinator {
         }
     }
 
-    func syncEligibility(for siteID: Int64) async throws -> SyncEligibility {
+    func syncEligibility(for siteID: Int64, ignoreTemporalCriteria: Bool) async throws -> SyncEligibility {
         guard try await catalogEligibilityChecker.catalogEligibility(for: siteID) == .eligible else {
             return .ineligible(reason: .notEligibleForLocalCatalog)
         }
 
+        guard !ignoreTemporalCriteria else {
+            return .eligible(reason: .ignoredTemporalEligibilityCheck)
+        }
+
         // Then check temporal eligibility (30-day criteria)
         let firstSyncDate = siteSettings.getFirstPOSCatalogSyncDate(siteID: siteID)
         let lastOpenedDate = siteSettings.getPOSLastOpenedDate(siteID: siteID)
@@ -794,6 +801,7 @@ private extension POSCatalogSyncCoordinator {
             case neverSynced
             case openedRecently(daysSinceOpened: Int)
             case recentFirstSync(daysSinceFirstSync: Int)
+            case ignoredTemporalEligibilityCheck
         }
 
         enum IneligibleReason {
diff --git a/Modules/Tests/YosemiteTests/Tools/POS/POSCatalogSyncCoordinatorTests.swift b/Modules/Tests/YosemiteTests/Tools/POS/POSCatalogSyncCoordinatorTests.swift
index c2b0d11b178..ce822f223a2 100644
--- a/Modules/Tests/YosemiteTests/Tools/POS/POSCatalogSyncCoordinatorTests.swift
+++ b/Modules/Tests/YosemiteTests/Tools/POS/POSCatalogSyncCoordinatorTests.swift
@@ -884,6 +884,53 @@ extension POSCatalogSyncCoordinatorTests {
         #expect(mockIncrementalSyncService.startIncrementalSyncCallCount == 1)
     }
 
+    @Test func performFullSyncIfApplicable_with_zero_maxAge_ignores_temporal_eligibility() async throws {
+        // Given - user past 30-day grace period with no recent open (normally ineligible)
+        let fortyDaysAgo = Date().addingTimeInterval(-40 * 24 * 60 * 60)
+        mockSiteSettings.mockFirstPOSCatalogSyncDate = fortyDaysAgo
+        // No lastPOSOpenedDate set (never opened recently)
+
+        let coordinator = POSCatalogSyncCoordinator(
+            fullSyncService: mockSyncService,
+            incrementalSyncService: mockIncrementalSyncService,
+            grdbManager: grdbManager,
+            catalogEligibilityChecker: MockPOSLocalCatalogEligibilityService(),
+            siteSettings: mockSiteSettings
+        )
+        try createSiteInDatabase(siteID: sampleSiteID, lastFullSyncDate: fortyDaysAgo)
+        mockSyncService.startFullSyncResult = .success(POSCatalog(products: [], variations: [], syncDate: .now))
+
+        // When - maxAge is zero (forced sync, e.g. pull to refresh)
+        try await coordinator.performFullSyncIfApplicable(for: sampleSiteID, maxAge: .zero)
+
+        // Then - sync should proceed despite temporal ineligibility
+        #expect(mockSyncService.startFullSyncCallCount == 1)
+    }
+
+    @Test func performIncrementalSyncIfApplicable_with_zero_maxAge_ignores_temporal_eligibility() async throws {
+        // Given - user past 30-day grace period with no recent open (normally ineligible)
+        let fortyDaysAgo = Date().addingTimeInterval(-40 * 24 * 60 * 60)
+        mockSiteSettings.mockFirstPOSCatalogSyncDate = fortyDaysAgo
+        // No lastPOSOpenedDate set (never opened recently)
+
+        let coordinator = POSCatalogSyncCoordinator(
+            fullSyncService: mockSyncService,
+            incrementalSyncService: mockIncrementalSyncService,
+            grdbManager: grdbManager,
+            catalogEligibilityChecker: MockPOSLocalCatalogEligibilityService(),
+            siteSettings: mockSiteSettings
+        )
+        // Set up database with full sync date (required for incremental sync)
+        try createSiteInDatabase(siteID: sampleSiteID, lastFullSyncDate: fortyDaysAgo)
+        mockIncrementalSyncService.startIncrementalSyncResult = .success(POSCatalog(products: [], variations: [], syncDate: .now))
+
+        // When - maxAge is zero (forced sync, e.g. after a purchase)
+        try await coordinator.performIncrementalSyncIfApplicable(for: sampleSiteID, maxAge: .zero)
+
+        // Then - sync should proceed despite temporal ineligibility
+        #expect(mockIncrementalSyncService.startIncrementalSyncCallCount == 1)
+    }
+
     // MARK: - isSyncStale Tests
 
     @Test func isSyncStale_returns_true_when_no_full_sync_performed() async throws {
@@ -1394,8 +1441,9 @@ extension POSCatalogSyncCoordinatorTests {
             connectivityObserver: nil
         )
 
-        // When - Try to perform sync
-        try? await sut.performFullSyncIfApplicable(for: sampleSiteID, maxAge: .zero)
+        // When - Try to perform sync with non-zero maxAge (temporal criteria are checked)
+        // Note: maxAge of .zero would bypass temporal eligibility checks
+        try? await sut.performFullSyncIfApplicable(for: sampleSiteID, maxAge: sampleMaxAge)
 
         // Then - Should track pos_not_opened_30_days
         let syncSkipped = mockAnalytics.trackedEvents.first { $0.eventName == "local_catalog_sync_skipped" }
@@ -1428,8 +1476,9 @@ extension POSCatalogSyncCoordinatorTests {
             connectivityObserver: nil
         )
 
-        // When - Try to perform incremental sync
-        try await sut.performIncrementalSyncIfApplicable(for: sampleSiteID, maxAge: .zero)
+        // When - Try to perform incremental sync with non-zero maxAge (temporal criteria are checked)
+        // Note: maxAge of .zero would bypass temporal eligibility checks
+        try await sut.performIncrementalSyncIfApplicable(for: sampleSiteID, maxAge: sampleMaxAge)
 
         // Then - Should track pos_not_opened_30_days
         let syncSkipped = mockAnalytics.trackedEvents.first { $0.eventName == "local_catalog_sync_skipped" }
diff --git a/RELEASE-NOTES.txt b/RELEASE-NOTES.txt
index 2d8737aeb2f..cfe24a44577 100644
--- a/RELEASE-NOTES.txt
+++ b/RELEASE-NOTES.txt
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
 23.9
 -----
-
+- [*] Fixed possible sync issue in POS (https://github.com/woocommerce/woocommerce-ios/pull/16423)
 
 23.8
 -----