Skip to content

Latest commit

 

History

History
15 lines (10 loc) · 1.82 KB

File metadata and controls

15 lines (10 loc) · 1.82 KB

2025SPH

Codex/ChatGPT (July 2026)

Summary

CASTOR3D linear extended-magnetohydrodynamic calculations examine external kink and peeling-ballooning instabilities in a high-$\beta$ quasi-axisymmetric stellarator equilibrium. Numerical improvements, increased computing capacity, and a high-fidelity GVEC equilibrium permit substantially higher dominant toroidal harmonics $n^$ than earlier studies. Low-$n^$ modes strongly couple the positive- and negative-Fourier branches and can form distinct slow- and fast-growing locked solutions; this coupling weakens as higher-$n^$ modes localize, making a reduced eigenproblem adequate. Ideal growth rates rise with $n^$, whereas parallel viscosity lowers growth and flattens this trend without unlocking modes. Gyroviscosity, ion-diamagnetic drift, $E\times B$ flow, and sufficiently strong externally driven quasi-symmetric flow introduce oscillation, alter mode structure, and can unlock low-$n^$ modes. External-flow direction can reinforce or oppose drift and viscous stabilization, relock low-$n^$ modes through frequency compensation, and determine whether an external kink or peeling-ballooning mode is most unstable. The results are configuration-specific but show that omitting these effects can misidentify the controlling instability.

Contributions

  1. Extended CASTOR3D stability calculations to high-$n^*$ modes in a three-dimensional quasi-axisymmetric equilibrium.
  2. Characterized Fourier-branch coupling, locking, rotation, and localization across the mode spectrum.
  3. Quantified how parallel viscosity changes growth rates and dominant mode types without inducing oscillation.
  4. Resolved the combined influence of gyroviscosity, diamagnetic drift, $E\times B$ flow, and external flow.
  5. Showed that flow magnitude and direction can switch the equilibrium's most unstable mode family.