0535._Encode_and_Decode_TinyURL.md

535. Encode and Decode TinyURL

难度: Medium

刷题内容

原题连接

• https://leetcode.com/problems/encode-and-decode-tinyurl/

内容描述

Note: This is a companion problem to the System Design problem: Design TinyURL.
TinyURL is a URL shortening service where you enter a URL such as https://leetcode.com/problems/design-tinyurl and 
it returns a short URL such as http://tinyurl.com/4e9iAk.

Design the encode and decode methods for the TinyURL service. There is no restriction on how your encode/decode 
algorithm should work. You just need to ensure that a URL can be encoded to a tiny URL and the tiny URL can be decoded 
to the original URL.

解题方案

思路 1 - 时间复杂度: O(1)- 空间复杂度: O(1)******

solution里面有很详细的分析

beats 22.66%

class Codec:
    
    def __init__(self):
        self.alphabet = string.ascii_letters + '0123456789'
        self.url2code = {}
        self.code2url = {}

    def encode(self, longUrl):
        """Encodes a URL to a shortened URL.
        
        :type longUrl: str
        :rtype: str
        """
        while longUrl not in self.url2code:
            code = ''.join(random.choice(self.alphabet) for _ in range(6))
            if code not in self.code2url:
                self.code2url[code] = longUrl
                self.url2code[longUrl] = code
        return 'http://tinyurl.com/' + self.url2code[longUrl]
        
    def decode(self, shortUrl):
        """Decodes a shortened URL to its original URL.
        
        :type shortUrl: str
        :rtype: str
        """
        return self.code2url[shortUrl[-6:]]