0990._Satisfiability_of_Equality_Equations.md

990. Satisfiability of Equality Equations

难度: Medium

刷题内容

原题连接

• https://leetcode.com/problems/satisfiability-of-equality-equations/

内容描述

Given an array equations of strings that represent relationships between variables, each string equations[i] has length 4 and takes one of two different forms: "a==b" or "a!=b".  Here, a and b are lowercase letters (not necessarily different) that represent one-letter variable names.

Return true if and only if it is possible to assign integers to variable names so as to satisfy all the given equations.

 

Example 1:

Input: ["a==b","b!=a"]
Output: false
Explanation: If we assign say, a = 1 and b = 1, then the first equation is satisfied, but not the second.  There is no way to assign the variables to satisfy both equations.
Example 2:

Input: ["b==a","a==b"]
Output: true
Explanation: We could assign a = 1 and b = 1 to satisfy both equations.
Example 3:

Input: ["a==b","b==c","a==c"]
Output: true
Example 4:

Input: ["a==b","b!=c","c==a"]
Output: false
Example 5:

Input: ["c==c","b==d","x!=z"]
Output: true
 

Note:

1 <= equations.length <= 500
equations[i].length == 4
equations[i][0] and equations[i][3] are lowercase letters
equations[i][1] is either '=' or '!'
equations[i][2] is '='

解题方案

思路 1 - 时间复杂度: O(N)- 空间复杂度: O(1)******

union-find, 因为总共就26个大写字母，所以空间O(1)

class Solution:
    def equationsPossible(self, equations: 'List[str]') -> 'bool':
        uf = {}

        def find(x):
            uf.setdefault(x, x)
            if x != uf[x]:
                uf[x] = find(uf[x])
            return uf[x]

        def union(x, y):
            uf[find(x)] = find(y)
            
        for e in equations:
            if e[1] == '=':
                union(e[0], e[-1])
        for e in equations:
            if e[1] == '!':
                if find(e[0]) == find(e[-1]):
                    return False
        return True