Spring Data JPA

Overview

Spring Data JPA is a powerful abstraction over JPA (Java Persistence API) and Hibernate, making database access easier by removing boilerplate code.
It provides repository interfaces for CRUD, pagination, sorting, and custom queries.

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1. Introduction

• JPA – A specification for Object-Relational Mapping (ORM) in Java.
• Hibernate – Default JPA provider used by Spring Boot.
• JDBC – Low-level API used by Hibernate to interact with the database.

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2. Architecture Layers

Spring Data JPA
    ↓
JPA (Specification)
    ↓
Hibernate (Implementation)
    ↓
JDBC (Database Communication)
    ↓
Database