feat(python): Support Python 3.12 #1310

Job	Run time
Verify commit messages	36s
Generic pre-commit checks	24s
Test (stable)	49s
Rustfmt	15s
Clippy	44s
MSRV	1m 0s
Python 3.7 on ubuntu-22.04	1m 4s
Ruby 2.7 on ubuntu-22.04	1m 27s
Python 3.8 on ubuntu-22.04	58s
Ruby 3.2 on ubuntu-22.04	1m 4s
Python 3.9 on ubuntu-22.04	1m 6s
Code coverage	1m 37s
Ruby 2.7 on macos-12	2m 22s
Python 3.10 on ubuntu-22.04	59s
Ruby 3.2 on macos-12	2m 53s
Python 3.11 on ubuntu-22.04	1m 1s
Python 3.12 on ubuntu-22.04	1m 42s
Python 3.7 on macos-12	2m 3s
Check features	38s
Python 3.8 on macos-12	2m 29s
Fuzz	2m 47s
Python 3.9 on macos-12	2m 32s
Python 3.10 on macos-12	2m 21s
Python 3.11 on macos-12	2m 39s
Python 3.12 on macos-12	3m 58s
Tests for C crate	34s
Python 3.7 on windows-2022	3m 57s
Tests for WASM crate	56s
Python 3.8 on windows-2022	3m 24s
Python 3.9 on windows-2022	1m 59s
Python 3.10 on windows-2022	3m 11s
TypeScript tests for WASM crate	46s
Python 3.11 on windows-2022	2m 59s
Python 3.12 on windows-2022	4m 9s
	1h 1m 23s

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